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81.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(19-20):2681-2691
Abstract Milk thistle [Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn] is an annual plant belonging to the Asteraceae family whose ripe seeds contain flavonoid substances, which are important in the modern pharmaceutical industry. Seed germination is a major factor limiting the establishment of plants under saline conditions. The effect of salinity and temperatures on germination and seedling establishment was studied in two genotypes of milk thistle, an Iranian wild type and German (Royston) type in the laboratory and in the field. Experiments were done with seven salt concentrations [0.1 (control), 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 dS/m] and three temperatures (15, 25, and 35°C). There were three replications for each treatment, and the experiment was run three times. The results showed that the percentage of germination and the number of normal seedlings at different salt treatment at 15°C were higher than at 25 or 35°C. The mean time to 50% germination was least at this temperature for both genotypes. Results suggested all germination indices and seedling emergence (50%) were achieved at levels up to 9 dS/m salinity at 15°C. Also, seeds at a salinity of 9–15 dS/m will germinate and up to 25% of the control nonstress treatment could emerge at the low temperature of 15°C. 相似文献
82.
83.
侧柏种源试验苗期的初步研究 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4
石文玉 《北京林业大学学报》1986,8(1):74-83
在北京的3个不同海拔高度,对来自31个地区的侧柏种子进行了种源试验。对一年生苗的分析表明,种源间差异显著。一年生苗生长快的种源比生长慢的高3.6倍。通过根系调查及苗高生长量与地表温度和土壤含水量的相关分析,可以看出天然林子代比人工林子代的适应性强。初步研究结果可为北京地区选择适宜的侧柏种源和侧柏的种源区划提供参考。 相似文献
84.
Many soils of the semi-arid tropics are deficient in P, and under such adverse conditions, the establishment of pearl millet seedlings is a critical step to achieve satisfactory crop stands. Phosphorus fertilizer is expensive for small holder farmers and is only applied at low rates, insufficient to give satisfactory crop stands. Methods are needed to enhance productivity at low rates of application. Here, we tested the hypothesis that a minute application of P at early seedling stage, equivalent to 125–500 g P/ha, would enhance the plant establishment under P-limiting conditions. We measured the minimum application of P needed to elicit a response of different genotypes. Pot experiments were conducted with pearl millet ( Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) hybrids to measure the response to P placed close to the root system, 5 days after sowing (DAS), compared with a non-limiting P control (DAP). The placement treatments were 0, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0 mg soluble P per seedling, applied as KH2 PO4 solution. The localized placement of P increased biomass in all three soils tested. In one soil, plant biomass at 1000 μL (1 mg P) reached about 50% of the non limited control. If applied later than 19 DAS the placement had no effect on the plant biomass. Hybrid ICMP 451-P8 was more responsive than hybrid 81B-P6. Placement to 20 inbred lines of pearl millet increased biomass by an average of 105% compared with no placement with large genotypic variation. Although this work was not intended to be a way of applying P fertilizer to pearl millet under field conditions, it showed that applying minute amount of P to pearl millet seedling (equivalent to 125–500 g P/ha) enhanced their establishment and led to improved growth for at least 5–6 weeks after sowing. Further work is in progress to develop a feasible technology for field crops based on the results of this study. 相似文献
85.
86.
M. Farooq T. Aziz M. Hussain H. Rehman K. Jabran & M. B. Khan 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2008,194(2):152-160
Plant growth and development is hampered by various environmental stresses including chilling. We investigated the possibility of improving chilling tolerance in hybrid maize by glycinebetaine (GB) seed treatments. Maize hybrid (Hycorn 8288) seeds were soaked in 50, 100 and 150 mg l?1 (p.p.m.) aerated solution of GB for 24 h and were dried back. Treated and untreated seeds were sown at 27 °C (optimal temperature) and at 15 °C (chilling stress) under controlled conditions. Germination and seedling growth was significantly hindered under chilling stress. Moreover, chilling stress significantly reduced the starch metabolism and relative water contents (RWC), and increased the membrane electrolyte leakage. However, activities of antioxidants (catalase, superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase) were increased under stress conditions. Seed treatments with GB improved the germination rate, root and shoot length, seedling fresh and dry weights, leaf and root scores, RWC, soluble sugars, α‐amylase activity and antioxidants significantly compared with untreated seeds under optimal and stress conditions. Induction of chilling tolerance was attributed to maintenance of high tissue water contents, reduced membrane electrolyte leakage, and higher antioxidant activities and carbohydrate metabolism. Seed treatment with 100 mg l?1 GB was the best treatment for improving the performance of hybrid maize under normal and stress conditions compared with control and other levels used. 相似文献
87.
摘要:为防治蓟马为害马铃薯组培苗,降低蓟马对组培苗的污染,以石薯1号为试验材料,在MS培养基中加入不同浓度的吡虫啉、噻虫嗪药剂,研究不同药剂对蓟马的防治效果及组培苗生长发育的影响。结果表明:在蓟马防治试验中,在MS培养基中添加70%吡虫啉水分散粒剂和25%噻虫嗪水分散粒剂的药剂,可以有效降低试管苗根长、株高,且B1处理(25%噻虫嗪水分散粒剂2 000倍液)对试管苗生长抑制最显著;70%吡虫啉水分散粒剂10 000~20 000倍液或25%噻虫嗪水分散粒剂2 000~4 000倍液,均可以有效防治蓟马,降低试管苗发病率,其中A1处理(70%吡虫啉水分散粒剂10 000倍液)、B1处理(25%噻虫嗪水分散粒剂2 000倍液)、B2处理(25%噻虫嗪水分散粒剂3 000倍液)的试管苗发病率均为0.00%,对蓟马防效较好。在药剂解除试验中,C3处理的根长、株高、节间距均显著高于C1处理,且均与对照无显著差异;D3处理根长、株高均显著高于D1处理,且均与对照无显著差异,说明在药剂培养基扩繁3次后,再采用无药剂培养基扩繁2次可以快速解除杀虫剂生长抑制作用,达到与正常植株同等的生长状况。因此,70%吡虫啉水分散粒剂10 000倍液、25%噻虫嗪水分散粒剂2 000倍液均可以防治试管苗中的蓟马,且在采用无药剂培养基扩繁2次可以快速解除杀虫剂生长抑制作用。 相似文献
88.
本研究通过栽培无柄小叶榕等4种乔木在15种轻基质中不同组合的苗圃期和出圃实验,建立容器苗质量评价及预测线性回归模型,探讨了苗圃期植株生理指标在解释苗圃期生长表现(干重总生物量、干重根茎比)和预测出圃生长表现中(存活率、株高、地径、相对生长速率)的作用,推荐叶片总叶绿素含量为容器苗质量评价体系中的最关键生理因子。 相似文献
89.
邹吉东 《内蒙古林业调查设计》2009,32(6):28-28,35
文章主要针对辽西地区沙棘园的建设,提出了沙棘园的营造技术环节及注意的问题,具体阐述了从选地、整地、土壤、种苗,栽植和管理等技术措施。 相似文献
90.
本项研究在总结传统育苗的基础上,应用推广了苗木生长调控新技术,新老技术紧密结合配套使用,取得了松树大田育苗的良好效果。通过选择圃地、控制播种量、精耕细作、科学管理,并在苗木旺盛生长期的8月中旬进行切根、剪顶,有效地促进了苗木生长发育。结果表明,马尾松播种量45kg/hm2,培育苗木169.2万株,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级合格苗出圊率时%,其中优质苗率达53.5%。苗木茎干粗壮、根系发达、菌根丰富,达到了大田优质苗的质量标准。 相似文献