城市土地利用与经济协调发展度评价研究——以天水市为例

针对天水经济快速发展、用地需求增速明显而土地供给约束日益加大的问题,从土地资源利用的规模、结构、效率及经济发展水平方面出发,构建了反应土地利用与经济协调发展程度的综合指标体系,该体系由目标层、准则层、因素层和指标层4个层次及28个具体指标构成。基于均方差决策求解法,对天水市的土地利用与经济协调发展度进行综合评价。结果表明:1996~2008年土地利用与经济发展两系统协调程度不高、质量欠佳,协调度指数总体趋势下降;土地利用与经济发展系统演进模式由经济发展滞后土地利用模式转变为土地利用滞后经济发展模式。     

塔克拉玛干沙漠不同土壤发育条件下土壤性状特征

本文将塔克拉玛干沙漠土壤发条条件分为稳定，不稳定，极不稳定三类，它们对于土生状有着不同的影响。在稳定的土壤发育条件下，土壤剖面有可以鉴别的诊断层，其中一性状特征沿剖面分异明显。在不稳定土壤发育条件下，土壤的诊断层表现不突出，造成它的性状特征沿剖面分异不十分明显。     

Penetration, Development and Emigration of Juveniles of the Nematode Meloidogyne arenaria in Myrobalan Plum (Prunus cerasifera) Clones Bearing the Ma Resistance Genes

Penetration, development and emigration of M. arenaria in the roots of three Myrobalan plum (Prunus cerasifera) clones genetically characterized for their resistance to root-knot nematodes (RKN) were studied during the 10 (penetration) and 15 (emigration) days following the date of inoculation (D) of 2500 juveniles (J2s) per plant into the soil. Miniaturized tests were conducted on the two resistant clones P.2175 (Ma1 gene) and P.1079 (Ma2 gene) and the susceptible clone P.2032 (recessive for both genes), obtained from micropropagated plantlets and grown in mini-containers under controlled conditions at 25°C in a growth chamber. For penetration and development studies, nematodes in the roots were recovered by the acid fuchsin-lactophenol staining technique. Equivalent numbers of J2s were recovered in all the clones at D+1 and D+2. Subsequently, the numbers increased rapidly in P.2032 and were significantly different from those in P.1079 and P.2175 that remained at a low level. No swollen larvae were observed in the resistant clones. In P.2032, the first swollen larvae were observed at D+4, the first females were observed at D+12, whereas the first females with attached egg sacs and the first new-generation J2s were obtained between D+21 and D+28. Our data suggest that the resistance phenomenon does not act on the very early nematode penetration but acts later by preventing feeding-site induction and development into the third-stage. For emigration studies, plants in which J2s had been allowed to penetrate for two days (from D to D+2) were washed free of soil, repotted and then, after various periods of growth, soil-free roots were placed under a mistifier to evaluate the numbers of emigrating individuals. Emigration of J2s from the roots occured mainly from D+2 to D+4 in all the genotypes and was very limited from D+4 to D+10. There was no significant differences in the number of emigrated juveniles between the resistant and susceptible clones, indicating that emigration cannot explain the difference in the numbers of nematodes recovered in the roots.     

淮安红椒产业现状及发展对策

结合淮安红椒产业发展现状、特色以及存在的问题,提出成立淮安红椒产业发展办公室、培植壮大龙头企业、建设规模的淮安红椒标准园、成立淮安红椒研发中心、发展淮安红椒文化产业等相应对策.     

番茄黄化曲叶病毒的系统发育分析及多重PCR快速检测

通过对国内已报道的番茄黄化曲叶病毒（TYLCV）的DNA-A全基因组进行序列比对分析,发现TYLCV各中国分离物具有较高的相似性。TYLCV全序列及CP序列核苷酸和氨基酸系统发育分析结果显示,我国中东部及东南沿海地区为番茄黄化曲叶以色列病毒（TYLCV-IL）各分离物所侵染,而西部和西南部内陆地区为番茄黄化曲叶中国病毒（TYLCCNV）各分离物所侵染。基因多态性分析结果表明,TYLCV在进化上具有较强的保守性,但核苷酸突变位点（Pi）在染色体上的分布却具有较高的多态性,因此针对TYLCV的严格保守区设计出3对特异性引物,建立了以多重PCR技术为基础的快速、高效、特异性检测TYLCV的方法。     

2种中国黑块菌的介绍及可持续发展研究

黑块菌是一类珍稀的外生菌根食用菌。着重描述印度块菌和夏块菌的形态特征和鉴别特征,并介绍它们的生境及分布区域。同时,对块菌的可持续发展提出建议。     

无核葡萄杨格尔的胚发育及胚珠培养

早熟无核葡萄杨格尔的胚珠可正常受精。绝大多数受精旺在花后27～33天开始败育,仅个别胚可继续发育至大球形胚甚至心形胚。当胚发育最为充分而又尚未败育时取胚珠进行培养,存活胚的比例较高。胚珠培养的培养基内附加低浓度秋水仙碱对无核葡萄胚珠内胚的离体发育有良好的促进作用。胚珠培养萌发成苗的技术尚需要进一步系统的研究。     

浅谈城市生态园林的建设

阐述了生态园林的概念,并对生态园林的公共性、观赏性、整体性、综合性等主要特征做了详细介绍,提出了城市生态园林建设发展坚持以生态学原理为指导,合理布局园林绿地系统、加强城市园林绿地生物多样性保护、建立群落自维机制、构建"天人合一"的绿色和谐环境等原则。     

日光温室膜下滴灌水肥耦合技术对番茄生长发育的影响

采用二因素二次通用旋转组合设计方法,在日光温室膜下滴灌条件下研究了水肥耦合技术对番茄生长发育的影响,结果表明:灌水和施肥对番茄各项生长发育指标的影响均十分显著,有利于番茄生长发育的最佳水肥耦合方案为灌水量2 722.5-2 836.95 m3/hm2、施肥量265.5～294.45 kg/hm2.     

食物氮含量对意大利蝗生长发育和卵巢面积的影响

为合理预测意大利蝗Calliptamus italicus的种群动态,分别用1%（对照）、4%和7%氮含量的食物饲喂意大利蝗5龄蝗蝻,测定不同氮含量食物处理后意大利蝗5龄蝗蝻的生长速率,羽化后7 d的体长、股节长、胫节长、翅长、翅宽、体重及羽化后1、7、13和19 d的卵巢面积。结果显示,4%氮含量食物处理试虫的生长速率最大,分别较1%和7%氮含量处理的增加了88.02%和109.33%;4%和7%氮含量食物处理后,意大利蝗成虫的后翅宽和体重均显著高于对照;羽化后7 d,不同氮含量食物处理的意大利蝗卵巢面积出现显著差异,羽化后19 d,4%氮含量食物处理的卵巢面积显著高于其他2个处理。表明中等氮含量（4%氮含量）适宜意大利蝗生长。