灰茶尺蠖触角感器的扫描电镜观察

使用扫描电子显微镜对灰茶尺蠖Ectropis grisescens成虫触角感器的种类、形态和分布进行了观察。结果表明:灰茶尺蠖触角上主要存在3种感器,分别为毛形感器(sensilla trichodea, ST)、刺形感器(sensilla chaetica, SC)和栓锥形感器(sensilla styloconica, SS)。感器的种类和分布在雌雄成虫触角上没有差异。     

Study on the glass transition for several processed fish muscles and its protein fractions using differential scanning calorimetry

ABSTRACT:   The glass transition behavior of processed fish muscles (bonito, tuna, mackerel, sea bream, cod) and its muscle protein fractions (sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar proteins) were studied using differential scanning calorimetry. Each dried processed fish muscle and the extracted protein fractions showed clear glass transition phenomenon. The T _g values of muscles and myofibrillar proteins from red muscle fishes tended to be lower than those from white muscle fishes though there was no difference on T _g of sarcoplasmic proteins. The T _g value of whole muscle was considerably lower than that of extracted protein fractions because of the plasticizing effects of low molecular weight materials contained in the muscle.     

花䱻卵母细胞发育的组织学和超微结构观察

2015年7月至2017年10月在河南省驻马店宿鸭湖水库采集花?(Hemibarbus maculatus Bleeker)雌鱼样本190尾,体长7.12～32.21 cm,体重10.55～330.22 g,采用组织学和扫描电子显微镜技术观察了花?卵母细胞发育各时期的特征。结果表明,花?卵母细胞发育可分为5个时相,第I时相卵母细胞处于卵原细胞增殖阶段;第Ⅱ时相卵母细胞处于初级生长阶段,出现滤泡膜;第Ⅲ时相卵母细胞出现皮质液泡,细胞质膜之间形成放射带;第Ⅳ时相卵母细胞处于大生长后期,卵黄颗粒增多。电镜下观察发现放射带表面形成微孔状结构,核仁外排,可能与卵母细胞内营养物质积累有关;第Ⅴ时相卵母细胞中细胞核消失,卵母细胞发育为成熟卵子,与卵膜脱离,准备排卵。繁殖季节,花?卵巢成熟系数达到13.78%～17.04%。研究结果可为花?人工繁殖和育种工作提供参考。     

基于三维激光扫描成像系统的树木干曲线的分形特征

树木干曲线具有分形的结构,文章应用分形方法对甘肃小陇山地区86棵不同树种的单木以及解析木干曲线进行研究,通过计算得到干曲线的分形维数介于2-3之间,研究结果表明同一树种树木干曲线的生长趋势是一致的。经过对单木干曲线和标准解析木干曲线分形维数的测定以及比较分析,可以发现同一树种不同径阶的树木干曲线具有统计意义上的自仿射分形特征,表明分形方法在对树木及其组成部分的形态上的描述作用极大。文章针对立木的测量,采用三维激光扫描成像系统,不仅获得了丰富的测树因子信息,更以此为基础对森林计测学研究进行了扩展,是一项非常有意义的工作。     

细胞转化牛膝的质量分析

本研究用薄层扫描法和原子吸收分光光度法对细胞转化牛膝和天然怀牛膝进行了齐墩果酸和微量元素分析。结果表明，与天然怀牛膝相比，细胞转化牛膝的齐墩果酸含量略低(1．43％)，钙、镁、铜、铁、锌含量明显偏低，而锰含量偏高。     

红江橙嵌合特点的扫描电镜观察

以嫁接嵌合体红江橙为材料，在扫描电镜上观察了红江橙及其分离出来的４种变异类型的叶、果表面及其切面的结构．结果表明，红江橙的叶面与其分离出来的黄肉果和橘变果有较大差异，红江橙果皮切面海绵层介于黄肉果与橘变果之间，而从果皮的切面发现表皮层的细胞排列紧密，体积较小，呈长形方格状，与紧接其下的海绵层具有较大的、圆形蜂窝状的细胞明显可分．作为同质体的黄肉果和橘变果，则未能观察到这种结构差异     

狭胸天牛幼虫触角主感器及下颚须和下唇须感受器扫描电镜观察

利用扫描电镜观察了狭胸天牛幼虫触角主感器及其下颚须和下唇须顶端感受器的形态，种 类和分布，并讨论了其结构与功能的关系。结果表明，触角主感器受肾形成唇形，长约９８．０μｍ，宽约２４．５μｍ。下颚须顶端感受器２０个～２５个，下唇须顶端约１５个感受器，根据不同形态，大致分为３种类型；栓锥形，锥柱形和腔锥形。栓锥形和锥柱形感受器分别着生于下颚须和下唇须顶端表面，腔锥形感受器着生于它们的端节侧面。     

紫胶虫外部形态扫描电镜观察

本文是用紫胶虫酒浸死虫标本进行光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察研究的结果。记述了该虫雌成虫的体形大小和肛上板，膊器、前气门、背刺、口器、触角、后气门、阴门、围阴腺群，周缘腺群、腹管腺群等形态特征，并与有关文献的记述进行了比较，以供有关部门和人员参考。     

机载激光雷达和地基激光雷达林业应用现状

激光雷达技术可以直接获取地物的三维信息,在森林参数反演方面具有独特优势。近年来,机载激光雷达与地基激光雷达在林业上的应用取得很大进展,在森林调查中应用广泛。文中介绍了机载激光雷达与地基激光雷达在森林参数提取中的应用,并分析了两者的优缺点;概述了2种数据结合在森林参数反演中的应用,并对应用前景进行了展望。     

Transgenic sorghum with suppressed synthesis of kafirin subclasses: Effects on flour and dough rheological characteristics

Arising from work showing that conventionally bred high protein digestibility sorghum types have improved flour and dough functionality, the flour and dough properties of transgenic biofortified sorghum lines with increased protein digestibility and high lysine content (TG-HD) resulting from suppressed synthesis of several kafirin subclasses, especially the cysteine-rich γ-kafirin, were studied. TG-HD sorghums had higher flour water solubility at 30 °C (p < 0.05) and much higher paste viscosity (41% higher) than their null controls (NC). TG-HD doughs were twice as strong as their NC and dynamic rheological analysis indicated that the TG doughs were somewhat more elastic up to 90 °C. CLSM of doughs and pastes indicated that TG-HD had a less compact endosperm protein matrix surround the starch compared to their NC. The improved flour and dough functional properties of the TG-HD sorghums seem to be caused by reduced endosperm compactness resulting from suppression of synthesis of several kafirin subclasses which modifies protein body and protein matrix structure, and to improved protein-starch interaction through hydrogen bonding specifically caused by reduction in the level of the hydrophobic γ-kafirin. The improved flour functionality of these transgenic biofortified sorghums can increase their commercial utility by complementing their improved nutritional quality.