人参果皂苷口服液质量标准研究

通过对人参果皂苷口服液质量进行研究，建立人参果皂苷口服液质量标准。利用薄层检查对其鉴定。采用分光光度法及滴定法对人参果皂苷口服液中人参皂苷含量和木糖醇、山梨酸含量进行测定。结果表明人参果皂苷口服液质量检验方法简便、准确，可用于快速检验人参果皂苷口服液的质量。     

茶皂甙分析方法概述

在全面查阅了1907年以来国内外关于茶皂甙分析方法的研究文献的基础上,总结了现已分离并鉴定的茶皂甙,系统地介绍了重量法、比色法、荧光光度法、薄层扫描法、溴酸钾法和高效液相色谱法等茶皂甙的主要分析方法,重点介绍了高效液相色谱在茶皂甙分离纯化和定量分析中的应用。     

分光光度法测定文冠果壳总皂苷含量研究

[目的]建立文冠果壳总皂苷含量的测定方法,以期推动废弃物文冠果壳综合利用。[方法]根据文冠果壳苷与香草醛-高氯酸作用后具有的特征吸收,确定最佳显色条件,用分光光度计测定文冠果壳苷的含量。[结果]测试波长为456nm,香草醛浓度5%,高氯酸体积0.8ml,反应温度80℃,反应时间30min。测定文冠果壳苷含量为0.24mg/g。[结论]该测定方法简单,可行。     

苦瓜总皂甙含量测定及超声提取最佳条件的研究

建立了苦瓜总皂甙的超声提取和分光光度测定方法,并优化了超声提取的提取温度、乙醇浓度、料液比和提取时间等因素。结果显示,超声波提取法最佳工艺组合为:70%乙醇,液料比为30∶1,振荡频率为60%,70℃超声提取30 m in/次,重复提取2次;且分光光度测定法操作简便、快速、准确,可作为苦瓜制品提取及质量评价方法。     

海参皂苷的研究现状

海洋中蕴涵着丰富的天然资源,海参作为一种食品和药材,具有很高的保健功能和药用价值。海参皂苷是海参体内的一种次生代谢产物,具有广泛的生理药理活性,因此潜藏了极大的应用价值。本文就近年来国内外关于海参皂苷性质的研究状况做一些简要的概述,为进一步研究海参皂苷提供较为详尽的参考资料。     

Regulatory effect of Panax notoginseng saponins on the oxidative stress and histone acetylation induced by porcine circovirus type 2

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) exists widely in swine populations worldwide, and healthy PCV2 virus carriers have enhanced the severity of the infection, which is becoming more difficult to control. This study investigated the regulatory effect of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on the oxidative stress and histone acetylation modification induced by PCV2 in vitro and in mice. In vitro, PNS significantly increased the scavenging capacities of superoxide anion radicals (O₂^•-) and hydroxyl radicals (^•OH) and reduced the content of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) induced by PCV2 in porcine alveolar macrophages (3D4/2). In addition, PNS decreased the protein expression level of histone H4 acetylation (Ac-H4) by increasing the activity of histone deacetylase (HDAC) in PCV2-infected 3D4/2 cells. In vivo, PNS enhanced the scavenging capacities of ^•OH and O₂^•− and reduced the content of H₂O₂ in the spleens of PCV2-infected mice. PNS also reduced the protein expression level of histone H3 acetylation (Ac-H3) by reducing the activity of histone acetylase (HAT) and increasing the activity of HDAC in the spleens of PCV2-infected mice. PCV2 infection activated oxidative stress and histone acetylation in vitro and in mice, but PNS ameliorated this oxidative stress. The research can provide experimental basis for exploring the antioxidant effect and the regulation of histone acetylation of PNS on PCV2-infected 3D4/2 cells and mice in vitro and in vivo, and provide new ideas for the treatment of PCV2 infection.     

超声波法提取苜蓿皂甙最适条件的研究

为了优化紫花苜蓿中苜蓿皂甙的提取工艺,采用L9(34)正交试验方法,以苜蓿总皂甙提取量为评价指标,优选苜蓿皂甙的提取条件。结果表明,甲醇浓度、甲醇用量、提取时间、提取次数对苜蓿皂甙的提取量都有极显著影响,最佳提取工艺为50%的甲醇,苜蓿草粉15倍量,超声波提取2次,每次30min。     

计算机软件模拟α-乳白蛋白与皂苷的分子对接

皂苷小分子具有很强的生理活性,在人体中必须与靶细胞生物大分子相互作用才能发挥其生物作用。α-乳白蛋白（α-lactalbumin,α-LA）是球状蛋白质,能结合疏水配体,在食品工业作为功能性配料。采用计算机模拟的方法,对2类皂苷（达玛烷型皂苷和齐墩果型皂苷）和α-LA相互作用进行研究,并获得其相互作用模式的相关图像。分子对接结果表明,2种类型的皂苷与α-LA活性口袋内的氨基酸残基均以疏水相互作用及氢键作用结合,但达玛烷型皂苷结构更复杂,可以提供更多结合位点,且其形成氢键的作用力更强。     

苜蓿皂苷对山羊瘤胃细菌发酵的影响

本试验旨在研究苜蓿皂苷对山羊瘤胃细菌发酵功能的影响。选择4只22月龄、体况良好、安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的徐淮山羊,晨饲后3 h采集瘤胃液,分离出细菌后,采用批次培养法进行体外发酵。试验分0%(对照组)、1%、2%及3%4个组,每组3个发酵瓶,每个发酵瓶为1个重复,体外厌氧培养24 h后,分别测定各处理组pH值、氨态氮浓度、微生物蛋白浓度及总挥发性脂肪酸含量。结果表明:添加1%~3%的苜蓿皂苷可以降低瘤胃细菌发酵液的pH值,提高总挥发性脂肪酸和氨态氮的浓度,但未对微生物蛋白浓度产生显著影响。     

Effects of Alfalfa Saponins on In Vitro Physiological Activity of Soil and Rhizosphere Bacteria

Summary

In vitro effects of purified alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) saponins (soyasaponin I, medicagenic acid [MA-3,28Na], MA-3glu, 28Na, and MA-3,28glu) on rhizosphere bacteria cell suspensions were investigated. Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC)-dehydrogenase and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolytic activities were strongly inhibited (90-95%) by MA-3,28Na and MA-3glu,28Na in Bacillus thurin-giensis strains (HD-2 and UZ404). In Curtobacterium flacumafaciens (JM1011), TTC and FDA activities were reduced only by MA-3,28Na, while little or no effects were observed on the gram-negative strains Pseudomonas fluorescens (RA-2) and Agrobacterium tumefaciens (A-136). Soyasaponin I decreased FDA hydrolysis in HD-2 and JM1011, but increased FDA activity by 2-fold in RA-2. MA-3glu,28Na increased protein exudation or leakage by 5 to 10-fold in all strains, and MA increased leakage in all strains except RA-2. Soyasaponin increased protein leakage about 2-fold in JM1011, RA-2 and A-136, but reduced extracellular protein in HD-2 and UZ404. Results suggest that MA-3glu,28Na can deleteriously affect rhizobacteria, and in most cases, the aglycone (MA-3,28Na) is as biologically active as the sapo-nin MA-3glu,28Na.