高效液相色谱法测定漆姑草中芦丁和槲皮素含量

建立了漆姑草(Sagina japonica)中芦丁和槲皮素含量的反相高效液相色谱—二极管阵列检测法,采用乙醇—超声波提取,以Shim-pack VP-ODS (200 mm×4.6 mm)为色谱柱,以甲醇∶水(含0.2％磷酸)=60∶40(V/V)为流动相,流速为0.8 mL/min,柱温为30℃,检测波长为255 nm.芦丁和槲皮素能得到较好的分离,分别在0.03～15,00 μg/mL(r=0.999 0)和0.04～20.00 μg/mL(r=0.999 4)的浓度范围内与峰面积成良好线性关系,检测限分别为12.6和15.2 ng/mL.本方法操作简单、准确度高、重现性好,可用于漆姑草药材的质量控制,为漆姑草质量标准的制定提供依据.     

菜豆中总黄酮提取工艺及含量测定

目的测定菜豆豆荚总黄酮含量，优化菜豆中黄酮提取工艺。方法以芦丁为对照品通过紫外分光光度法测定总黄酮含量，将回流法、超声法、煎煮法提取黄酮类化合物的提取效率进行对比，采用正交法优化了超声提取工艺。用最佳提取工艺验证实验结果。结果提取次数对黄酮提取率影响显著．超声时间和乙醇浓度对提取率影响不显著。结论最佳提取工艺为85％乙醇、超声60min、提取3次，菜豆中总黄酮含量为158．86mg／100g。     

Inter-varietal variations of rutin content in common buckwheat flour (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.)

Summary To improve the quality of buckwheat flour, we investigated the effect of the cropping season on the rutin content in various cultivars of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.). Thirty cultivars of buckwheat were grown under both long day conditions (the summer cropping) and short day conditions (the late summer cropping). The inter-varietal variations and the effect of the cropping season on the rutin content were examined. The rutin content was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results show that the average rutin content in the late summer cropping was about half that of the summer cropping. There were wide inter-varietal variations of rutin content in the summer cropping. The differences in rutin content in the late summer cropping were less pronounced. Rutin content was closely correlated with the flowering period in summer (r=0.735^***). The later flowering cultivars produced a higher content of rutin than the earlier flowering cultivars in the summer cropping. The differences in the cumulative solar radiation received in the two seasons seems to be a reasonable explanation for this increase in the rutin content of the buckwheat flour. The rutin content of early flowering cultivars, which are suitable for long day conditions, is positively correlated with yield in the summer cropping. However, the rutin content in the intermediate and late summer ecotype cultivars, which are suitable for short day conditions, shows no correlation with yield in the late-summer cropping. In conclusion, there are wide inter-varietal variations of rutin content in buckwheat flour and the rutin content increases under long day conditions.     

17个茄子品种(系)芦丁含量及杂种优势研究

测定了17个品种（系）茄子芦丁的含量，分析了其杂种优势。结果表明：不同茄子品种（系）间芦丁含量差异显著，杂种一代具超亲优势。茄子叶片中芦丁含量高于果实，果实中商品成熟期茄子芦丁含量高于瞪眼期，差异达极显著水平（F＝0．01）。其中“苏州94－2－95－2－0－99－1”商品果芦丁含量最高为57．08mg/g，“紫水”最低为18．43mg/g。此外，茄子商品果芦丁含量与叶型指数呈显著负相关，r=-0.5100.     

芦丁对大鼠免疫器官指数的影响

研究天然植物提取物芦丁对大鼠免疫器官指数的影响,考察芦丁调节动物免疫功能的作用.选择16只Wistar雌性青春期大鼠,随机分为2组,每组8只,分别为对照组(每日每只灌胃生理盐水2 mL)、芦丁组(每日灌服芦丁60 mg/kg体重),正式试验为期2周.12只Wistar受孕母鼠,随机分为2组,每组6只,相同处理,从哺乳第...     

Dietary rutin has limited synergistic effects on vitamin C nutrition of fingerling channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)

A study was conducted to determine the possible synergistic effects between dietary rutin (a bioflavonoid) and vitamin C, and to evaluate their antioxidant effects in fingerling channel catfish. Purified casein/gelatin diets containing two levels of rutin (0 and 1000 mg/kg diet) and three levels of L-ascorbic acid (0, 1500 and 3000 mg/kg diet) in a factorial arrangement were fed to fingerling channel catfish for 16 weeks. Fish fed the diets without supplemental vitamin C showed deformed spinal columns, external hemorrhages and fin erosion after 10 to 12 weeks. Also these fish had significantly (p < 0.05) depressed body weight gain, feed efficiency, hematocrit, hepatosomatic index (% liver weight), as well as reduced liver, fillet and plasma vitamin concentrations after 16 weeks. Liver, fillet and plasma vitamin C concentrations were correlated with dietary vitamin C levels. Forced oxidation of fillet samples significantly (p < 0.05) increased 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values of fillets from fish fed diets without vitamin C and rutin. However, results from the present study indicated only limited synergistic effects of dietary rutin on vitamin C nutrition of channel catfish.     

烟草种质资源重要活性成分含量差异研究

[目的]利用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)检测繁种用烟草绿原酸、芦丁、茄尼醇等重要活性成分的含量差异,为烟草种质资源的有效开发利用提供参考.[方法]采用HPLC法测定17份繁种用烟草种质资源成熟期叶片中绿原酸、芦丁、茄尼醇的含量,色谱条件为:Agilent 1260色谱仪,色谱柱为VP-ODS,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温35℃,检测器为1260 VWD.[结果]6种绿原酸异构体中,以绿原酸含量最高,在17份种质资源中均有检测到,且以S16打宾柳叶烟晒烟最高,其次是隐绿原酸和新绿原酸含量,而异绿原酸A、异绿原酸B和异绿原酸C的含量与前3种异构体相比,总体偏低;芦丁含量以NC347烤烟最高(46.456 g/kg),其次是S19大肩叶(7.782 g/kg)和S17大都青梗晒烟(6.250 g/kg),云烟87烤烟最低(1.206 g/kg);茄尼醇含量以NC347烤烟最高(44.913 g/kg),其次是K326烤烟(11.140 g/kg)、S17大都青梗晒烟(9.844 g/kg),黄坑7号-1烤烟最低(2.793 g/kg).[结论]17份烟草种质资源中芦丁和茄尼醇的含量与绿原酸相比总体较高,且均以NC347烤烟最高.6种异构体中含量最高的是绿原酸,且以S16打宾柳叶烟晒烟最高.各繁种用烟草种质资源在现蕾后未打顶,这可能对绿原酸有较大影响.     

黔产重楼的品质评价

为有效控制贵州产重楼的品质,促进重楼资源的有效保护和进一步合理开发利用奠定基础,采用高效液相色谱及微波消解-ICP-MS法对贵州产重楼的品质进行研究.结果表明:贵州产重楼中β-蜕皮激素、芦丁鉴别特征明显专属性强;6种重楼皂苷的标准曲线线性良好(r＞0.999 9),回收率均在99.73％～100.08％,RSD＜1.0％;未检测出有害重金属汞、镉,且铅、砷低于5‰.结论:该方法准确、可靠,可用于黔产重楼的质量控制;贵州产重楼的各项指标均符合《中国药典》中重楼的质量标准,有优良药理作用,可以进行更多的种植和开发.     

添加5种植物酚类化合物对高精料底物瘤胃体外发酵及产甲烷的影响

甲烷排放是全球变暖和气候变化的主要影响因素之一,而瘤胃微生物发酵会排放大量甲烷,因此减少反刍动物排放甲烷已引起广泛关注。本试验旨在采用人工瘤胃体外发酵技术,研究在精粗比为65∶35的条件下,添加不同浓度(0、0.05%、0.10%、0.20%)的单宁酸、对羟基苯甲酸、鞣花酸、丁香酸及芦丁对瘤胃体外发酵参数及甲烷产量的影响。结果表明,与空白对照相比,在体外条件下,添加0.05%及以上的单宁显著降低NH₃-N水平(P<0.05),添加0.20%的单宁显著降低发酵终点pH(P<0.05),并显著提高48 h累积产气量和乙丙比(P<0.05)。添加0.10%及以上浓度的对羟基苯甲酸可显著降低NH₃-N和乙酸浓度并提高累积产气量(P<0.05);除乙酸外,对挥发性脂肪酸的产生无显著影响(P>0.05)。添加鞣花酸后显著降低CH₄产生和乙丙比(P<0.05);当添加水平达到0.10%后TVFA(总挥发性脂肪酸)显著下降(P<0.05),达到0.20%后pH和NH₃-N显著下降(P<0.05)。添加丁香酸后NH₃-N和累积产气量显著下降(P<0.05);当添加水平达到0.10%后,CH₄和TVFA显著增加(P<0.05)。添加芦丁显著降低NH₃-N并增加TVFA(P<0.05),当添加水平达到0.10%时,乙丙比显著下降(P<0.05);达到0.20%时pH下降而累积产气量显著增加(P<0.05)。由此可见,添加一定水平的酚酸和芦丁能降低NH₃-N浓度,增加产气量;丁香酸和芦丁可增加TVFA水平,而鞣花酸降低TVFA水平;仅鞣花酸能抑制甲烷产生,而丁香酸促进甲烷的产生。     

HPLC法测定杜仲中绿原酸和芦丁

采用phenomenex C18色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇-冰醋酸(pH=3.10)(45∶55)为流动相洗脱,体积流量为0.8 mL/min,紫外检测波长为327 nm,采用外标法测定不同产地杜仲中绿原酸和芦丁的含量.建立了HPLC法测定杜仲中绿原酸和芦丁含量,并对不同产地杜仲中绿原酸和芦丁含量进行测定.结果表明,绿原酸和芦丁分别在0.127 5～24.000 0μg(r=0.999 6),0.125 0～25.000 0μg(r=0.999 6)线性关系良好,平均回收率分别为98.73%和97.26%,相对标准偏差为1.85%和1.32%.