苦荞籽粒的化学成分研究

【目的】分析苦荞籽粒的化学成分,为进一步了解苦荞籽粒的次生代谢成分提供参考。【方法】采用试管法对苦荞籽粒化学成分进行系统预试,以工业乙醇为溶剂对其化学成分进行超声辅助提取,采用硅胶柱层析、聚酰胺柱层析和凝胶柱层析(Sephadex LH-20)对化合物进行分离,通过紫外-可见光谱法(UV)、红外光谱法(IR)、质谱法(MS)、核磁共振法(1 H NMR、13 C NMR)的综合分析结果对化合物结构进行鉴定。【结果】从苦荞籽粒中共分离得到10个单体化合物,其中5个分别被鉴定为伞形花内酯、槲皮素、山奈酚-3-O-芸香糖苷、(-)-表儿茶素和芦丁。【结论】苦荞籽粒中的主要化学成分为黄酮类化合物,伞形花内酯为首次从该植物中发现。     

Changes of Polyphenols in Tobacco Leaves During the Flue-Curing Process and Correlation Analysis on Some Chemical Components

The changes of polyphenols in tobacco leaves during the flue-curing process and correlation analysis on some chemical components were studied. Leaf samples were taken from different tobacco-producing regions in Henan Province, China. The results indicated that the content of total phenols increased during the first 24 h of curing, and then decreased. It reached the lowest value at 72 h of curing and increased rapidly after that. The content of chlorogenic acid also increased during 0-24 h of curing. But the lowest point occurred at 60 or 72 h of curing and then it increased till the end of the curing process. The content of mtin generally increased with curing, and showed little fluctuations. The changes of PPO and POD activity were the opposite. Rutin was found to have a highly significant positive correlation with total sugar （r=0.822^＊＊）, but a highly significant negative correlation with starch, nicotine, and protein.     

香椿叶中黄酮成分的分析鉴定

对香椿叶中黄酮类成分进行了定性分析和定量测定.结果表明,在香椿叶中含有黄酮、黄酮醇、二氢黄酮、二氢黄酮醇等多种黄酮类化合物,并以芦丁为标样,用分光光度法测出总黄酮含量为4.24%.     

芦丁的生物活性及其在动物生产中的应用研究进展

芦丁别称芸香苷、VP,是一种广泛存在于多种植物中的天然黄酮类化合物,不仅具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗病毒和促生长等诸多生物学功能,而且具有安全、低毒、无生物性残留等特性,具有开发为饲用替抗产品的潜力。对芦丁的理化性质、提取方法、体内代谢吸收及在动物生产中的应用进行了综述,以期为畜牧生产中替抗产品的开发提供新思路。