描述农村劳动力转移状况的分室模型

为了分析农业化发展速度与农村劳动力转移速度之间的关系，本文肖试性地把史密斯提出的生态系统分室模型用于描述第一，第二，第三产业劳动力数量相互转移物动态变化中，提出了劳动力结构分室模型，为探讨农业机械化客观发展规律提供了构模思路。     

小型可移动式循环干燥机的试验研究

涉及了一种小型可移动式干燥机的研制和试验研究。论文首先阐述了该干燥机的结构特点和工作原理；然后进行了不同温度条件下的稻谷干燥试验：分析了经过干燥机干燥后的稻谷爆腰增率、发芽率和发芽势与干燥温度的相关性。     

农机成人教育的发展思路

本文结合作者长期基层工作的实践，提出了农机成人教育工作中存在的几项问题和发展思路，并在提高培训质量上进行了论述。     

特种优质水稻灌溉技术的试验研究

为了达到节水、改土和增产的目的,通过研究灌溉方式对耗水量、灌溉定额、灌水次数和特种优质水稻生长发育及其产量的影响,水文年型和品种对耗水量的影响,优选出了特种优质水稻最适宜的田间水分控制模式。     

基于粗糙集与神经网络的农机化发展水平评估方法

在分析现有农业机械化发展水平评价方法的基础上 ,提出了粗糙集理论与人工神经网络技术相结合的农业机械化发展水平评价指标简化体系和评价方法。实例表明 ,约简后的指标体系可以获得原有指标体系的分类结果 ,但比原有模型少了 6 0 %的指标 ,大大减少了信息的需求量 ,为农机化水平评价提供了一种新的途径。     

农业机械化及其自动化专业课程的创新与实践

结合多年的教学实践，对农业机械化及其自动化专业教学内容的改革进行了一系列探索，指出结合甘肃实际、调整教学内容、增加旱地小型机具；积极创造条件、引进先进设备、自制教学软件、加强多媒体教学；强化实践教学环节、注意新机型、新工艺、提高学生实践能力；教学与科研结合、培养学生创新能力的教学方法。     

Past, present and future criteria to breed crops for water-limited environments in West Africa

Asia's Green Revolution of the 1960s and 1970s has largely bypassed West Africa, and “modern” (high-yielding, input responsive) germplasm for staple crops has found comparatively little adoption, except for systems that are have good access to markets and sufficient water resources. It is unlikely, however, that breeding objectives conserving traditional crop characteristics as found in extensive systems would have been more successful. The authors identify systems caught in the agricultural transition from subsistence to intensified, market-oriented production as the most important target for crop improvement, and provide examples of new breeding objectives for cowpea, sorghum and upland rice. In each of these cases, breeders, with the help of physiologists, have developed innovative plant-type concepts that combine improved yield potential and input responsiveness with specific traditional crop characteristics that remain essential during the agricultural transition. In the case of cowpea, dual-purpose varieties were developed that produce a good grain yield due to an erect plant habit, then produce new leaves enabling a second harvest of green foliage. For upland rice systems that are limited by labour (mainly needed to control weeds that abound due to shortened fallow periods), a weed competitive plant type was developed from Oryza sativa × Oryza glaberrima crosses. Lastly, sorghum breeders who had previously deselected photoperiod sensitivity are now re-inserting sensitivity into plants having “modern” architecture, in order to allow for flexible sowing dates while maintaining an agro-ecologically optimal time of flowering near the end of the wet season. The ecophysiological basis of these plant types, their place in current and future cropping systems, as well as the problem of under-funding for their realisation, are discussed.     

试论农业机械化在建设社会主义新农村中的重要作用

建设社会主义新农村,是党中央从贯彻落实科学发展观、构建社会主义和谐社会的全局出发作出的重大战略部署,农业机械化发展必须适应农业现代化和建设社会主义新农村的需要,为我国实现农业现代化、解决“三农”问题,建设社会主义新农村作出农业机械化应有的贡献。     

葫芦岛市农业机械化可持续发展战略设计

通过对农业机械化可持续发展影响因素以及农业机械化现状深入、系统的调查,并对大量统计数据进行科学分析,结合葫芦岛市国民经济发展现状、农业以及农机发展实际,同时结合自然和地理优势,着重提出了农业机械化可持续发展的指导思想和基本原则,指出了农业机械化可持续发展的战略目标、战略任务和战略重点.由此为未来葫芦岛市农业机械化可持续发展提供了思路.     

Effects of alternative water distribution rules on irrigation system performance: a simulation analysis

Based on a simulation model reflecting physical and economic conditions typically found in rice irrigation systems in Asia, the irrigation performance implications of alternative water distribution rules for dry season irrigation are evaluated under varying degrees of water shortage. The rules examined reflect differing water distribution strategies designed either to maximize conveyance efficiency, economic efficiency, or equity; or to achieve a balance between efficiency and equity objectives. Irrigation performance is evaluated using several efficiency measures reflecting the physical, agronomic and economic productivity of water, and one measure of equity. Economic efficiency and equity among farmers within the portion of the irrigation system that is on in any given season are shown to be complementary, and not competing objectives. Economic efficiency and equity among all farmers within the command area of the irrigation system are largely complementary strategies at the lower levels of water shortage, but with increasing shortage, significant tradeoffs develop between these objectives. An operational rule for water distribution under a goal of maximizing economic efficiency is developed, and the data requirements for its implementation are shown to be modest. Under the model's assumed conditions of dry season rice production dependent solely on surface irrigation for water, the distribution strategy designed to maximize conveyance efficiency results in only modestly lower levels of economic efficiency and equity than could be achieved by the strategy designed to maximize economic efficiency.