甘蓝中灭多威农药残留分析方法

本文介绍了检测甘蓝中灭多威膛药残留的方法.在高速匀浆机中用乙腈提取后,并用安捷伦的氨基柱(500mg;6ml)进行净化,用高效液相色谱仪测定,外标法定量.检测波长239nm;色谱柱 Analytical TC-C18 4.6mm×250mm;;流动相为乙腈:水=85:15 (v/v);标准曲线相关系数1.0000.该方法简便、快速,结果准确.     

QuEChERS-超高效液相色谱-质谱联用法测定熊胆粉中9种苯二氮䓬类药物残留量

建立了超高效液相色谱-质谱联用法(UPLC-MS/MS)快速测定中药材熊胆粉中9种苯二氮?类药物残留的方法。样品以乙腈为提取溶剂,经萃取盐包除杂提取,采用分散式固相萃取管 (EMR-Lipid dSPE) 净化,ACQUITY BEH C18色谱柱(1.7 μm,2.1×100 mm)分离,多反应监测模式(MRM)采集数据,外标法定量。在优化的条件下,虽9种药物存在不同程度的基质效应,但不影响检测结果的准确性。方法学考察结果显示,9种苯二氮?类药物在对应的浓度范围内线性关系良好,决定系数(R²)≥0.9961,方法检出限(LOD,S/N =3)在0.06～0.71 μg/kg范围内,定量限(LOQ,S/N =10)在0.20～2.60 μg/kg范围内,3个加标水平的平均回收率在69.1%～108.0%范围内,日内RSD为1.8%～9.0%,日间RSD为2.6%～9.3%。该方法前处理操作简便、重现性好,准确度高,为熊胆粉中苯二氮?类药物残留的风险监控提供了一种有效的检测技术。     

我国西北地区的木材供需问题

我国西北地区的木材供需是影响西部大开发进程的一个重要问题，本文从沙生灌木和农业剩余物的角度，以现有的资料为基础，初步推算和分析了西北地区木材供给的可能性，并依此提出了初步建议。     

Analysis of sawn lumber production from logging residues of branchwood of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aningeria robusta</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Terminalia ivorensis</Emphasis>

One way of meeting the supply demands of the wood industry is through the reduction of waste in timber processing. It has been estimated in Ghana that for every tree felled, nearly 50% of the tree volume is left in the forest in the form of branches, crownwood, and stumps. In this study, the potential of utilizing branchwood as raw material from logging residues to help meet the timber demands of the downstream processing sector was analyzed experimentally. The sawing characteristics of the branchwood of Aningeria robusta and Terminalia ivorensis with diameters in the range 10–25 cm using live sawing and cant sawing methods were determined using a randomized complete block design, 2 × 4 factorial with three replications. Experimental results indicate that, the relative lumber value yields for first and second grade boards of A. robusta and T. ivorensis branches were 25 and 20%, respectively, while the green lumber volume yields were 40 and 32%, respectively. A high proportion of sapwood and the occurrence of washboarding in T. ivorensis contributed to that species’ relatively low lumber value and volume yield. The experimental results further indicate that the sawing technique used had no significant influence on lumber yields. However, at 5% level of significance, significant differences in lumber yield existed between some of the diameter classes.     

常绿阔叶林迹地炼山营造杉木林群落演替趋向调查初报

据样地调查，该２５年生杉木人工林群落的植物有４１科８４属１２０种，群落的外貌特征以包括藤本在内的高位芽占绝对优势，叶特征以革质，单叶，中小型叶为主，由于该群落的幼树层以米储和木荷等占优势，若让其自然发展或杉木林采伐后不炼山，并排除其它人为干扰，该群落将向与常绿阔叶林采伐前的群落类型相似的方向演替。     

基于UPLC-MS/MS同时测定猪粪便中5种兽药残留量的研究

为了建立同时测定猪粪便中二甲氧苄啶、磺胺对甲氧嘧啶、恩诺沙星、金霉素、泰乐菌素5种兽药残留量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)分析方法,样品经McIllvaineNa_2EDTA缓冲溶液提取,C18粉吸附杂质,HLB固相萃取小柱净化,浓缩富集后用0.1%甲酸甲醇溶液复溶,过滤上机,基质液外标法定量。结果显示,5种兽药在10~500μg/kg的质量浓度范围内线性良好,在添加浓度50~500μg/kg,平均回收率为53%~85%,RSD为1.87%~18.81%。该方法具有较好的准确度与精密度,能快速、准确测定猪粪便中5种兽药残留,为养殖环节实时监测兽药使用情况提供了技术支持。     

Risk-based surveillance of antimicrobial residues in pigs – Identification of potential risk indicators

Around 20,000 samples are analysed each year for the presence of antibacterial residues in Danish finisher pigs, and between zero and five samples are detected positive above the maximum residue level (MRL). The intention was to develop a risk-based surveillance programme involving fewer samples while ensuring equal sensitivity. Therefore, risk indicators were searched for. Data were obtained from the Danish slaughterhouse database covering the period from July 2010 to December 2012. Residues were found or suspected in 17 incidents. In nine of these, the farmer had called in to prevent the pigs from being slaughtered. Hence, eight suspect cases were found through the surveillance programme, and two of these were above MRL. For these eight case herds, the number of pigs slaughtered and the number in which each of the following lesions were found were included in a statistical analysis: chronic pleuritis, tail bite, chronic pericarditis, chronic pneumonia, chronic peritonitis, osteomyelitis, abscess in hindquarters, abscess in leg/toe and abscess in forequarters. Only chronic pleuritis was associated with the presence of residues. Next, data from all herds delivering pigs for slaughter to the same abattoir were included covering a 3-month period prior to the residue finding. The prevalence of chronic pleuritis was on average 1.7 times higher in the eight case herds compared to all other herds. In two herds, the prevalence was significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05), and in one herd substantially higher, but only borderline significant (P = 0.1). In the remaining herds, the prevalence did not differ from the other herds delivering pigs to the abattoir. This indicates that chronic pleuritis might be considered as a risk indicator for use in surveillance. Other risk indicators/factors – reported in the cases where the farmers called in – were inadequate marking of treated animals and incorrect use of medication dispensers. These factors are not suited for use in surveillance and should be dealt with otherwise.     

兽药残留检测技术应用现状及发展方向

概述了畜禽产品中兽药残留的“快速筛查方法”和“确证检测方法”,分别介绍了各种检测方法的特点和应用现状,并对兽药残留检测技术在未来的研究方向进行了展望,为研究更高效的检测方法提供参考,进而推动畜禽产品质量安全监管工作,保障畜禽产品质量安全。     

我国兽药污染现状及管理

指出了随着生活水平的提高,食品安全已逐渐成为人们普遍关注的一个社会热点问题,尤其是肉、乳品、蛋和水产品等动物性食品的安全引起了社会普遍关注。概述了兽药的概念及分类、兽药残留的危害、兽药残留现状及原因和我国兽药管理方面的法规标准等。     

大型农贸市场农药残留监管问题与对策

分析了大型农贸市场中农药残留监管的现状及特点,找出了大型农贸市场的农药残留监管中存在的问题。结合当前大型农贸市场农药残留监管的形式和要求,提出了解决问题的措施和对策。