北方地区园林植物养护管理技术初探

从水肥管理、病虫害防治、整形修剪方面对北方地区园林植物养护管理技术展开论述.     

高山峡谷区移民安置耕地产值测算

通过野外调查和发放表格填报的方式收集大岗山水电站库区耕地产值测算相关资料,针对高山峡谷区耕地质量随地形分布的差异,引入河谷系数,构建耕地产值的测算模型,对高山峡谷区移民安置耕地产值测算方法进行了探讨。结果表明,大岗山水电站石棉县库区耕地综合产值为23 593.05元/hm2,泸定县库区耕地综合产值为17 429.40元/hm2,大岗山库区耕地综合产值为20 974.27元/hm2。通过适宜于高山峡谷区移民安置耕地产值测算模型的构建,可为高山峡谷区移民安置补偿提供科学依据。     

黑龙江省山地地区农作制度现状分析

利用2008年统计数据,分析了黑龙江省山地地区的农作制各要素的现状和特点,认为黑龙江省山地地区农作制存在的问题是农业产业结构不合理;林业内部结构不合理;产业链短.该地区农作制的发展趋势为:调整农业产业结构,加快发展林业产业;调整林业内部结构,加快林产品发展和林木的培育,促进农业可持续发展;引进龙头企业、加快产业链的建立...     

内蒙古寒冷地区不同类型猪舍投资与效益分析

通过对内蒙古寒冷地区封闭式猪舍与传统猪舍、不同生产线下封闭式猪舍、封闭式猪舍全部高床饲养与部分高床饲养诸方案的投资与效益分析，证明采取适度规模化、集约化经营方式是养猪生产取得最佳经济效益的有效途径。     

Assessment of surface and sub-surface waterlogged areas in irrigation command areas of Bihar state using remote sensing and GIS

Satellite remote sensing coupled with Geographical Information Systems (GIS) offers an excellent alternative to conventional mapping techniques in monitoring and mapping of surface and sub-surface waterlogged areas. In the present study, pre-monsoon and post-monsoon surface waterlogged areas were delineated in all the 132 irrigation command areas of the Bihar State, India using Indian Remote Sensing (IRS-1D) Linear Imaging Self Scanning Sensor (LISS-III) data acquired during the period 2002–2003. Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) was used primarily to delineate surface waterlogged areas. Perennial waterlogged and seasonal waterlogged areas were identified for the study area by integrating the waterlogged areas derived for both the pre- and post-monsoon seasons under GIS environment. Results show that the total surface waterlogged area in Bihar is 628 × 10³ ha, which is 10.57% of command area (5939 × 10³ ha) and spread over 132 command areas. Perennial surface inundation covers 2.95% of the waterlogged area in all the command areas. Maximum waterlogged area is observed in Gandak command (212 × 10³ ha) followed by Eastern Kosi irrigation scheme (116 × 10³ ha) and Sone modernization scheme (82 × 10³ ha), respectively. Further, waterlogged areas induced by rise in groundwater level were also assessed spatially under GIS environment using the ground water level data pertaining to pre- and post-monsoon seasons of the year 2002–2003 which were spread all over the study area. The analysis of pre- and post-monsoon groundwater levels indicates that the area under non-critical category during pre-monsoon period was reduced from 4287 × 10³ ha (72.72% of command) to 1391 × 10³ ha (23.42%) in the post-monsoon. Area under most critical category during post-monsoon period increased from 0.083 × 10³ ha of command area in pre-monsoon period to 50 × 10³ ha. The study demonstrates utility of integration of remote sensing and GIS techniques for assessment of waterlogged areas particularly in regions where waterlogging conditions occur both due to excessive irrigation and accumulation of rain and floodwaters.     

新疆呼图壁县农村宅基地流转的现状分析

为规范农村宅基地流转市场,促进农村土地集约利用,对新疆呼图壁县宅基地流转现状进行调查。结果表明:少数农户愿意以宅基地买卖的形式来改变生活,但多数农户更偏向于租赁方式。村内非法交易、非法占地盛行,并普遍存在土地闲置浪费现象。研究认为目前农村宅基地流转中存在农户缺乏对宅基地流转的了解,且现行政策难以支持农村宅基地多形式流转等问题。提出应通过明晰农村宅基地产权,实行宅基地有偿使用,健全农村住宅房屋登记制度等措施共同促进宅基地使用权流转。     

高寒地区建立节能保温畜舍的初步研究

针对北方寒冷地区的气候特点和畜舍现状，采取合理的技术措施，改善畜舍冬季的饲养环境，使家畜在适宜的环境条件下，常年均衡生长、发育，使养畜获得良好的经济效益。     

对十八届三中全会《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》有关农村改革几个重大问题的解读

35年来,中国的农业农村发展在政策指引下取得了历史性跨越,当前的农村改革发展面临新情况、新矛盾.十八届三中全会《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》就推进农村改革发展作了重要战略部署,再次将农村改革推向新起点.文章从8个方面深入解读了有关农村改革的几个重大问题.     

Plant colonization and biomass production in a xeric torriorthent amended with urban solid refuse

A long-term field experiment was conducted in a semiarid Mediterranean site to determine the effect of the application of several doses (6·5, 13, 19·5 and 26 kg m⁻²) of urban solid refuse (USR) on the plant colonization, plant cover and biomass production. The plant species richness did not increase in all the treated plots with respect to the control except immediately after the treatment was applied. This increase was only maintained after three years in the lowest dose of USR and the control. The addition of USR slowed floristic change and the lowest percentages of change corresponded to those plots receiving the highest doses. The plot receiving the lowest doses behaved in a similar way to the control plot. Plant cover increased substantially in the plots treated with USR compared with the control plot, even the lowest doses increasing the cover by 500 per cent. Plant biomass also significantly increased in all the amended plots compared with the control, although such increases were not directly proportional to the doses of USR added. USR can be considered an effective organic amendment to regenerate the plant cover of degraded soils. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

西部欠发达地区农村公共服务供给困境与对策研究——以陕西省为例

阐述了陕西农村在公共服务方面存在的3方面问题,包括自然条件的地区差异造成了区域农村公共服务供给的不均衡、经济发展水平低下导致公共服务的缺失与不足以及政府短期经济政绩导向忽略了在公共服务方面的作为,并立足于陕西省农村公共服务的实际情况,提出需要大力发展县域经济,增强基础政府公共服务造血功能;强化资金投入,明确政府间供给责任;建立多元的农村公共服务筹资激励机制和科学合理的农村公共服务绩效评估机制等建议。