城市雨水径流非点源污染研究进展

城市雨水径流污染是城市非点源污染最主要的类型,具有随机性强、面积广、成分复杂等特点,对其研究有着重要意义。通过对国内外城市非点源污染机理、模型等研究进展的讨论,提出今后我国城市非点源污染研究的发展方向。     

酸雨对观赏植物伤害机理的研究进展

综述了当前酸雨对观赏植物的叶片形态和组织结构、细胞透性、光合作用、呼吸作用、抗氧化系统等生理生化的伤害机理以及酸雨对观赏植物生长发育和生物量、土壤性质及土壤微生物的影响等方面研究取得的成果,并就今后对酸雨胁迫研究的内容与方向进行了讨论．     

论农业科研单位秘书的必备要素

秘书工作是各级单位的一项重要的、经常性的基础工作袁也是农业科研单位工作的一个重要组成部分。要想真正实现和充分发挥秘书工作的重要作用,就必须培养秘书工作所必备的各项要素,包括具有较高的政治素养、较优秀的专业素养、较好的职业道德和较优秀的交际素养。     

关于农业科研单位内部控制建设的探讨

分析农业科研单位内部控制存在的问题,提出从完善内部控制环境、进行科学的风险评估、采取有效的控制活动、建立顺畅的信息与沟通系统、加强内部监督机构等5个方面加强内部控制建设。     

茭白胡麻叶斑病研究进展

综述了近年来在茭白胡麻叶斑病上的病害发生、病原菌鉴定及其生物学特性、发病规律和病害防治等方面的研究成果,论述了胡麻叶斑病的防治措施如选用抗病品种、农业防治、药剂防治、植物免疫诱导剂防治等的研究进展,总结了茭白胡麻叶斑病研究上存在的问题,并指出未来需要加强茭白胡麻叶斑病病原物种群多样性、致病力分化以及于病原菌的浸染机制及致病机理方面的研究;进一步收集、筛选与鉴定茭白抗病种质资源,培育优良的抗性品种;开展茭白胡麻叶斑病抗药性监测及抗性机理研究;筛选新型生态友好的化学农药和低毒、高效的生防菌剂。     

Normative Analysis and Strategy Research on Harmonized Development of Modern Industrialization,Urbanization, Agricultural Modernization and IT Application

我国的现代化建设必须要坚持走中国特色的新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化（以下简称“四化”）同步发展的道路。文章阐述了“四化”同步发展的科学内涵,并对“四化”之间的相关系系做了论证,在对我国“四化”存在问题分析的基础上。提出了加快信息化进程,实现“四化”同步发展的对策措旋。     

鱼类育种研究进展

本文概括了鱼类的选择育种、驯化及杂交育种等传统鱼类育种方法,叙述了现代生物技术在鱼类育种中的应用,主要有多倍体育种、雌、雄核发育、核移植、转基因育种、分子标记辅助育种、基因组育种;并提出了当今鱼类育种出现的问题。同时,做出了鱼类育种必将走向基因组育种之路的展望,为鱼类育种的发展提供参考。     

Illustrating the critical role of human dimensions research for understanding and managing recreational fisheries within a social‐ecological system framework

Effective management of recreational fishing requires understanding fishers and their actions. These actions constitute critical links between social and ecological systems that result in outcomes that feedback and influence recreational fishers' actions and the management of these actions. Although much research exists on recreational fishers and their actions, this research is often disconnected from management issues. One way to help to overcome this disconnect is to illustrate how past research on the social component of recreational fishing fits within an emerging coupled social‐ecological system (SES) framework. Herein, a conceptual SES is first developed with specific attention to recreational fisheries. This SES is then used to illustrate the importance of considering human dimensions research for articulating, studying and ultimately managing key outcomes of recreational fisheries (e.g. fish population conservation, fisher well‐being) using the example of harvest regulations and a brief review of past interdisciplinary research on recreational fishing. The article ends by identifying key research needs including understanding: how factors such as management rules affect the diversity of actions by recreational fishers; how governance and management approaches adapt to changing social and resource conditions; and how recreational fishers learn and share information.     

Giants' shoulders 15 years later: lessons,challenges and guidelines in fisheries meta‐analysis

Meta‐analysis has been an integral tool for fisheries researchers since the late 1990s. However, there remain few guidelines for the design, implementation or interpretation of meta‐analyses in the field of fisheries. Here, we provide the necessary background for readers, authors and reviewers, including a brief history of the use of meta‐analysis in fisheries, an overview of common model types and distinctions, and examples of different goals that can be achieved using meta‐analysis. We outline the primary challenges in implementing meta‐analyses, including difficulties in discriminating between alternative hypotheses that can explain the data with equal plausibility, the importance of validating results using multiple lines of evidence, the trade‐off between complexity and sample size and problems associated with the use of model output. For each of these challenges, we also provide suggestions, such as the use of propensity scores for dealing with selection bias and the use of covariates to control for confounding effects. These challenges are then illustrated with examples from diverse subfields of fisheries, including (i) the analysis of the stock–recruit relationship, (ii) fisheries management, rebuilding and population viability, (iii) habitat‐specific vital rates, (iv) life‐history theory and (v) the evaluation of marine reserves. We conclude with our reasons for believing that meta‐analysis will continue to grow in importance for these and many other research goals in fisheries science and argue that standards of practice are therefore essential.     

新疆盐碱地分布特点和成因及改良利用技术研究进展

土壤盐渍化严重限制和阻碍了新疆农业可持续发展,为合理改良开发利用盐碱土提供理论依据和实践指导,结合国内外相关文献及新疆现状,应用End Note软件对文献数据进行整理分析。结果表明:新疆盐碱地成因有自然因素和人为因素,通过论述水利工程、农业工程和化学及生物改良等技术措施的发展现状,展望了新疆盐碱土改良利用的研究发展方向。新疆盐碱地治理改良是一个综合系统工程,水利工程和农业措施虽然在生产实践广泛应用,但单一的治理改良方式不能彻底解决土壤盐碱化,因此,对于改良盐碱土应坚持"水利先行,综合治理"的原则。