银合欢种子研究进展

随着农业生产对银合欢种子需求的增加,确保银合欢种子的质量成为首要问题。综述近年来对银合欢种子成分、种子萌发、种子保存和种子健康等方面的研究概况,并对银合欢种子研究中存在的问题提出了展望。     

农业科研院校科技档案信息化管理体系在科研绩效评价中的作用

简述农业科研院校科技档案的内涵及作用,分析农业科研院校科技档案管理存在的问题,提出构建农业科研院校科技档案信息化管理体系的建议。     

新形势下我国农业科研单位科技产业发展的若干思考

文章在分析当前我国农业科研单位科技产业发展面临的新形势基础上,详细阐述了农业科研单位发展科技产业的必要性及存在的问题,并从积极谋划科技产业发展规划、组建国有资产管理公司、加快推进企业兼并重组、加强科企合作、培育新的经济增长点、重视人才的引进和培养等几个方面提出了新形势下促进农业科研单位科技产业发展的措施,以期为全国农业科研单位科技产业发展提供参考。     

基于Bloom filter的远程对称差规模估算法

中国的劳伦斯研究从20世纪30年代开始起步,自80年代起走向繁荣。在80年代,劳伦斯笔下的性描写是学者关注的中心,也鼓舞和启发了中国作家对人性的深入探索。90年代之后,中国学者对劳伦斯研究的范围不断扩大,对其创作中的工业文明与大自然的冲突主题、两性关系主题、死亡与再生主题,非理性心理描写、原始主义等问题都进行了深入探究,也对其作品中的象征隐喻手法进行了全面的分析。精神分析、生态批评、比较文学,以及原型批评、解构主义批评、叙事学、伦理学批评等研究方法,都应用于劳伦斯研究,取得了可观的成绩。另一方面,中国的劳伦斯作品翻译良莠不齐,研究的低水平重复、缺乏学术规范现象也十分严重。     

被忽视的晚清诗文拓荒者——论胡先骕之诗文评

上个世纪20年代,胡先骕在《学衡》发表多篇关于清代诗词集的评论。他独具慧眼,对赵熙、阮大铖、刘光第等人的研究,皆有开山奠基之功,后世研究多以此为基础,可谓是晚清诗歌研究的拓荒者。在这些文章中,胡先骕强调道德节制、中庸等思想,反对白话文运动,体现了他保守主义的文化观。也正由于胡先骕的文化立场及其他复杂原因,导致其诗歌研究的开拓之功,长期以来未得到应有的重视。     

气候变化背景下济南市长清区干旱灾害风险评价研究

综合干旱类型,从致灾因子的危险性、敏感性、易损性及防灾减灾能力4个指标出发,分析气候变化背景下的山东省济南市长清区干旱灾害风险变化。结果表明,长清区干旱危险性分布特征总体表现为由西北向东南递减的趋势;干旱灾害孕灾体敏感性总体呈现出由西南向东北递减的趋势;干旱灾害易损性分布基本以行政区为单位,高易损性分布在除平安街道办事处外的西部地区;干旱灾害的防灾减灾能力总体呈现东北高、西南低的分布特征;干旱综合风险性呈现西南高、东北低的分布规律。     

基于阵列芯片现场高灵敏同步快速检测粮油中氨基甲酸酯类农药残留混合污染

The quality and safety of agricultural products is the technique focus of the strategy of rural vitaliza⁃tion. Carbamate pesticide residues are seriously threatening the safety of agricultural product and human life and health. Nowadays, the common detection methods are instrument-based for carbamate pesticide residue, which dis⁃ satisfy the request of an on-site rapid, sensitive and simultaneous detection for multiple carbamate pesticide resi⁃ dues. Based on the home-made monoclonal antibodies against carbofuran and carbaryl respectivity, a microarray for rapid and simultaneous detection of multiple carbamate pesticide residues was developed within 30 min. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection（LODs）were found to be 0.11 and 0.09 ng/g, while the linear ranges were 0.33-3000 and 0.18-1500 ng/g for carbofuran and carbaryl respectively. By using spiked peanut samples, it recorded recoveries of 88.4%-98.3%, 90.1%-118.8% for carbofuran and carbaryl respectively. The RSD of intraarray were found at 9.0%, 3.5%, while the RSD of inter-array were recorded at 12.3%, 16.3% respectively. The de⁃ tection results of the microarray were highly consistent with that of HPLC-MS/MS. This proposed microarray provid⁃ ed an on-site high-sensitivity, simultaneous and rapid detection of carbofuran and carbaryl, and could be widely used in the fields of agricultural product quality safety, food safety and environmental monitoring.     

油料作物油脂合成调控研究进展

植物油脂不仅是人类可食用油的主要来源,也是人类生产生活中重要的可再生原料.本文概述了植物油脂的生物合成途径,从母体效应、QTL、GWAS等多个方面总结了油料作物油脂合成的遗传学研究进展,同时探讨了已知的油脂合成调控相关基因的功能.本文综述了该领域的研究现状,为深入了解油料作物油脂合成调控网络提供了参考,也为油料作物的分...     

黄河源园区水生态功能一二级分区

生态功能分区是区域水生态系统区划及水环境规划管理的基础,也是生态文明建设背景下更为全面和系统性的分析和规划。出于三江源国家公园区域生态保护与分区管理,为探究地表水资源及生态系统的空间格局分异规律,以黄河源园区为研究对象,在综合分析其自然环境条件和水陆生态控制因子的基础上,结合园区内部各区域生态地理特征,基于GIS和RS平台,构建黄河源园区水生态功能分区评价指标体系。通过空间自相关距离确定降水、河网密度和地貌3个一级分区指标以及植被指数、植被生产力、土壤类型、土地利用类型4个二级分区指标;基于子流域完整性,运用数据叠加技术将黄河源园区分为5个一级水生态功能分区和19个二级水生态功能分区,运用相关性分析检验分区的合理性和准确性,并讨论了不同区域的生态系统特征和主要生态环境问题,阐述了水资源、植被资源的空间特征和分布规律。分区结果可为区域水陆环境的管理和保护利用提供科学依据与目标定位。     

Enhanced kernel set promoted by synchronous pollination determines a tradeoff between kernel number and kernel weight in temperate maize hybrids

Maize (Zea mays L.) grain yield is strongly related to the number of harvested kernels, where kernel number can be increased by synchronously pollinating silks rather than allowing them to be progressively pollinated as they naturally appear from the husks. However, there is scarce evidence on how this practice affects kernel weight (KW) and plant grain yield (PGY), and no report exists on its effects when combined with treatments aimed to reduce apical dominance, like male sterility and detasseling. Field experiments were conducted in two growing seasons (Exp₁ and Exp₂) using two hybrids, cropped at contrasting stand densities (3 and 9 plants per m²) and including (i) male-fertile and male-sterile versions, (ii) tasseled and detasseled plants, and (iii) natural (NP) and synchronous pollination (SP; pollen added manually to ears bagged 5 days after initial silking) systems. Tassel growth of sterile and fertile versions was also evaluated in a separate experiment (Exp₃). Detasseling increased the number of ears per plant reaching silking (P < 0.001) of NP plants, but this beneficial effect of reduced apical dominance did not improve kernel number per plant (KNP) or PGY. Similarly, the early arrest of anther growth in male-sterile plants had no clear benefit on KNP. In contrast, KNP was enhanced by synchronous pollination (range between −13% and +71%; average of +15.4% in Exp₁ and +3.9% in Exp₂). However, this pollination system promoted a decreased in KW (range between −30% and +4%; average of −11.8% in Exp₁ and −7.8 in Exp₂) such that the treatment had no effect on PGY (range between −19% and +37%; average of +1% in Exp₁ and −4% in Exp₂). Because plant growth rate around flowering was not different between pollination treatments, assimilate availability per kernel was reduced from ovary fertilization onwards in synchronously pollinated plants when compared to open pollinated plants. This explains the reduced KW when increasing KNP by synchronous pollination. In summary, none of the imposed treatments allowed grain yield to be increased at the plant level.