实行清洁生产审核 推进行业节能降耗

实行清洁生产审核,推进行业节能降耗是我国实现循环经济的重要措施之一,是木材行业需要重视的一项工作,也是综合利用资源、能源,提高效益的必经之路。我们要不断地更新观念,不断地科技创新,提高企业的竞争力,以适应时代的要求和社会的要求。     

土工合成材料在辽宁省水利工程中应用效益分析

截止2003年辽宁省水利工程中应用土工合成材料已达1450万多m^2，尤其在河道护岸、堤(坝)护坡、防渗工程上这种新型工程材料得到了广泛应用。结合辽宁省水利工程上应用的实际，对其效益进行了分析，分析结果表明：采用土工织物软体排护岸比传统柴排护岸节省投资35％～80％；堤坝护坡采用土工织物滤层比传统砂砾料滤层节省投资30％以上；土工膜防渗可比粘土防渗节省投资30％～50％。同时还取得了保护生态平衡、节省能源、促进化纤工业发展等十分显的社会效益。     

过热蒸汽干燥系统及其开发方向

依据国外文献，介绍几种典型的过热蒸汽干燥系统，分析了它们的组成特点，即过热蒸汽干燥系统应有废气再循环利用、物料预热和防止空气渗入等附属部分，采用锅炉不是必备条件。指出对于过热蒸汽干燥系统应从废气利用途径、真空干燥和组合加热等方向进行开发。     

Inclusion of Dust Bathing Materials Affects Nutrient Digestion and Gut Physiology of Layers

Effect of access to wood shavings and processed paper in the litter bath of modified cages on performance, gizzard activity, plumage condition, and peck damages was studied for layers fed a wheat-based diet. Egg production was similar for all treatments, but birds with access to paper showed higher feed consumption than the control birds and birds with access to wood shavings. This resulted in a corresponding difference (P < 0.05) in feed utilization. A significantly higher AME_n was observed for birds with access to wood shavings than in the control. Consumption of wood shavings and paper from the litter bath was 4 and 11 g/hen per day, respectively. Weights of empty gizzard and gizzard contents were considerably higher for birds with access to wood shavings. The median particle size in the duodenum decreased with access to wood shavings. In contrast, birds with access to paper showed a higher mean particle size in the duodenum.     

辣椒抗疫病材料的筛选

利用苗期接种法对国内外217份辣椒材料进行辣椒疫病的抗性鉴定和筛选,结果表明:不同辣椒种质材料之间的抗病性存在很大差异,幼苗发病率为0%～99%,病情指数为1.48～88.52,其中高抗材料有84份,占试材总数38.71%;抗病材料有57份,占总试材数的26.27%;感病材料有34份,其中8份来自国外2,6份来自国内。     

微型盆菊商品生产技术研究

菊花组培苗在春节前１００天出瓶载培，大多数品种可以应节开花，其观赏效果和开花植株百分率随继代培养年限长而下降。用配方基质栽培可比用传统塘泥栽培生产出观赏性与摆设性更优良的盆菊。合理应用适宜浓度的生长延缓剂，可使植株微型化，同时保持花大色艳和较高的开花株率。组织培养繁殖、配方基质栽培和对株型的化学调控，是微型盆菊商品生产的重要技术环节。     

CO2 emissions from subtropical arable soils of China

CO₂ efflux plays a key role in carbon exchange between the biosphere and atmosphere, but our understanding of the mechanism controlling its temporal and spatial variations is limited. The purpose of this study is to determine annual soil CO₂ flux and assess its variations in arable subtropical soils of China in relation to soil temperature, moisture, rainfall, microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) using the closed chamber method. Soils were derived from three parent materials including granite (G), tertiary red sandstone (T) and quaternary red clay (Q). The experiment was conducted at the Ecological Station of Red Soil, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, in a subtropical region of China. The results showed that soil CO₂ flux had clear seasonal fluctuations with the maximum value in summer, the minimum in winter and intermediate in spring and autumn. Further, significant differences in soil CO₂ flux were found among the three red soils, generally in the order of G>T>Q. The average annual fluxes were estimated as 2.84, 2.13 and 1.41 kg CO₂ m⁻² year⁻¹ for red soils derived from G, T and Q, respectively. Soil temperature strongly affects the seasonal variability of soil CO₂ flux (85.0-88.5% of the variability), followed by DOC (55.8-84.4%) and rainfall (43.0-55.8%). The differences in soil CO₂ flux among the three red soils were partly explained by MBC (33.7-58.9% of the variability) and DOC (23.8-33.6%).     

转基因检测标准物质研制关键环节质量控制研究

在转基因产品检测方法开发、身份鉴定和产品成分定性、定量检测过程中,标准物质是不可缺少的物质基础。本研究对标标准物质申报要求,着重对比了基体标准物质、基因组DNA标准物质、质粒标准物质三种类型转基因检测标准物质的研制过程,提出关键环节的质量控制要求,为促进转基因检测标准物质研制过程标准化、提升研制报告编制质量、提高申报通过率提供技术支撑。     

关于我国高等学校文献课几个问题的思考

本文针对我国高校文献课出现的滑坡现象,对文献的教学管理和教学改革进行了探讨。认为改变这一现状的关键是提高文献课的教育质量。应以《知识交流学》和《文献学》为基础,重新设计教学内容及其体系结构,增设一次性文献的直接检索与利用内容和信息环境的知识,并向专科文献学方向深化和延伸;实习教学应以整个图书馆为基地进行,而不是仅仅局限在文献检索室或专用实习室;应根据文献课的特点,加强教材,尤其是实习教材的配套建设。文章还就文献课的教学时数,开学时期等问题进行了探讨。     

发酵床垫料无害化处理技术研究

通过对发酵床养猪后发酵床垫料的无害化堆肥技术研究,对垫料堆肥过程中堆肥温度、pH值、电导率、总养分（有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾）、有效养分（有效磷、速效钾）、堆肥腐熟度（种子发芽指数）等指标进行监测并分析。结果表明：发酵床养猪系统中产生的有机垫料经过堆肥化处理后的产物达到了有机肥料标准,是一种优质的有机肥;不仅解决了畜禽...