Analysis of Causes and Impacts of Soft Budget Constraints of Enterprises Based on Dynamic Game for Three Players

This paper researches the behavior difference among government,banks and enterprises and how it affects soft budget constraints of enterprises and non-performing loans of banks based with dynamic game.The game model suggests that government will give banks some assistance and let them refinance enterprises,especially government has strong(incentive) to sustain SOEs in China's transitional economy.Banks will do it if the assistance from government is more than the loss from refinance enterprises.In addition the value of liquidation of enterprises and the new loans affect banks' refinancing old enterprises.     

Safeguarding Capability Index System of Regional Sustainable Development

According to the new requirement of sustainable development in the new stage, this paper puts forward the definition of the safeguarding capacity of regional sustainable development and uses some statistical methods of frequency statistics and principal component analysis to construct the index system of safeguarding capacity. Then it takes the data of the Three Gorges reservoir area for example to make empirical analysis, and provides efficient measurement tools to further measure the regional sustainability together with its safeguarding capacity, and therefore helps the government and the relevant organizations to establish more scientific policies of sustainable development.     

Performance Analysis of MIPv4 Regional Registration Combined with Low Latency Handoffs

The mechanism of MIPv4 regional registration and the low latency handoff protocols are introduced. Ways and procedure of pre-registration handoff and post-registration handoff are discussed also. The authors analyze the performance of the low latency handoff protocols combined with low latency handoffs over a wireless access based on IEEE 802. 11 standard in a tree-like network topology. The performance of pre-registration and post-registration scheme is given by simulation.     

Application of Matter Element Analysis in Assessment of Ambient Air Quality

A new method for assessment of ambient air quality is proposed by using matter element analysis.This model is simple and reasonable in assessment.The practical example is given,and compared with other methods.     

Design of the Virtual Instrument of Frequency/Amplitude Sweep

In this paper the inevitable trend of constructing open ecosystem in modern settlement environment was discussed through the history of the settlement environment and the characters of modern settlement environment.The ecological crisis,change of the modern life and the citizens' needs and the ecological system character show,that it is important for sustainable development of the settlement environment to construct open ecosystem.The construction of modern habitation and the city room embodies the concept of open ecosystem.Then,in construction and research of modern settlement,the ecological viewpoint and method should be applied.     

Examination of the quality of spinach leaves using hyperspectral imaging

The present research is focused on the application of hyperspectral images for the supervision of quality deterioration in ready to use leafy spinach during storage (Spinacia oleracea). Two sets of samples of packed leafy spinach were considered: (a) a first set of samples was stored at 20 °C (E-20) in order to accelerate the degradation process, and these samples were measured the day of reception in the laboratory and after 2 days of storage; (b) a second set of samples was kept at 10 °C (E-10), and the measurements were taken throughout storage, beginning the day of reception and repeating the acquisition of Images 3, 6 and 9 days later. Twenty leaves per test were analyzed. Hyperspectral images were acquired with a push-broom CCD camera equipped with a spectrograph VNIR (400–1000 nm). Calibration set of spectra was extracted from E-20 samples, containing three classes of degradation: class A (optimal quality), class B and class C (maximum deterioration). Reference average spectra were defined for each class. Three models, computed on the calibration set, with a decreasing degree of complexity were compared, according to their ability for segregating leaves at different quality stages (fresh, with incipient and non-visible symptoms of degradation, and degraded): spectral angle mapper distance (SAM), partial least squares discriminant analysis models (PLS-DA), and a non linear index (Leafy Vegetable Evolution, LEVE) combining five wavelengths were included among the previously selected by CovSel procedure. In sets E-10 and E-20, artificial images of the membership degree according to the distance of each pixel to the reference classes, were computed assigning each pixel to the closest reference class. The three methods were able to show the degradation of the leaves with storage time.     

A Study on Human Settlement Environment from View Point of Regional Culture

Culture is a basic element in human settlement environment.In this paper,considering the characters of progress in China's urban development in different stages,the urban culture is studied in respect of the age and space,then the connotation and development of regional culture are discussed.Through comparing the growth of Chongqing and Hong Kong cities,this paper presents a new idea for the study on Chinese urban development of modern times from the view point of regional culture.     

Fuzzy Assessment Method for Seismic Damage of CFST Arch Bridges

In order to investigate the conditions of damage and failure of concrete-filled steel tube(CFST) arch bridges, considering the structural and mechanical characteristics of CFST arch bridges, the dual damage criteria assessment models of the various components based on deformation or strength and energy were developed. The nonlinear seismic response of CFST arch bridges was analyzed by finite element method and the fuzzy evaluation method of seismic damage based on fuzzy theory and analytic hierarchy process was studied. Finally, taking a long-span CFST arch bridge as example, the damage index of the bridge was 0.150, 0.152, 0.172 and 0.318 respectively when the seismic peak acceleration was respectively 0.1g, 0.2g, 0.4g and 0.8g. The results show that the CFST arch bridge is slightly damaged under the earthquake when the seismic peak acceleration is 0.4g, and the bridge is damaged moderately when the peak acceleration is 0.8g.     

菏泽市雷电灾害风险区划研究

为了明确不同县区雷电灾害风险的高低、防御和减轻雷电灾害,以闪电定位资料和经济社会资料为基础,采取归一化法、层次分析法、加权综合评价法,统筹考虑致灾因子的危险性、孕灾环境的敏感性、承灾体的易损性和防灾减灾能力4个评价指标,选择9个影响因子建立雷电灾害区划模型,绘制出菏泽市雷电灾害风险区划图。结果得出：曹县和东明是致灾因子危险性高值区,两地的孕灾环境敏感性同样较高,牡丹区和定陶是承灾体易损性高的区域,防灾减灾能力的高值区在牡丹区和东明。曹县和东明是雷电灾害的高风险区,次高风险区为单县和巨野,中等风险区为定陶,次低风险区为成武和郓城,牡丹区和鄄城由于防灾减灾能力强或致灾因子危险性较低划为低风险区。     

阴雨寡照灾害对云南烤烟的种植风险预测

阴雨寡照灾害在未来将具有"空间+时间动态性"的变化特征.笔者根据烤烟种植适宜性指标和阴雨寡照等级指标,利用1981-2010年连续30年的逐日气象观测资料和2021-2050年全球气候模式HadGEM2-ES的RCPs排放情景预估结果,结合灾害系统理论,采用多元回归、"距平逼近"插值和栅格运算等方法,分析阴雨寡照灾害对...