水杨酸对铅胁迫下潍县萝卜品质的影响

[目的]研究铅(Pb)胁迫下水杨酸(SA)对潍县萝卜(Raphanus sativus L.)直根品质的影响。[方法]采用温室盆栽法。[结果]100μmol/L SA提高了500 mg/kg Pb胁迫下潍县萝卜直根中可溶性蛋白质含量,降低了维生素C、可溶性糖和Pb含量。[结论]该研究可为高品质、无公害潍县萝卜的生产提供理论依据。     

4,4,4‐三氟‐3‐(吲哚‐3‐)丁酸对樱桃萝卜的生长和产量的影响

为了探讨4,4,4‐三氟‐3‐(吲哚‐3‐)丁酸(TFIBA )对樱桃萝卜的生长和产量的影响,以樱桃萝卜品种Akamaru 为试材,研究了 TFIBA 对樱桃萝卜生长和产量的影响.结果表明:100μmol?L‐1 TFIBA 浸泡种子处理通过基质培养显著促进了萝卜的肉质根生长,在播种28、35、42 d 后,产量分别增加了139%、53%、24%,干物质重量也得到明显提高.     

Morphological differences among Raphanus raphanistrum populations and their relationship to related crops

Wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) has developed introgressed populations after hybridization with its cultivated counterpart (R. sativus) in California. Hybridization with various Brassica and Sinapis species is also possible. To determine if hybridization is responsible of the genetic diversity of European populations, six wild radish populations with distinct morphological traits were sampled from geographically distant regions in Europe. Plants were cultivated in an oilseed rape field and in insect‐proof cages. Silique and flower morphology, growth, and reproductive traits were measured. The wild radish populations could be discriminated by the morphological traits, but not related to geographic regions. In particular, populations of one region showed wide variability in terms of silique shape and growth behaviour, and small‐sized flowers. Although the origin of morphological diversity in wild radish is unclear, i.e. native or due to gene flow from the cultivated radish or other Brassicaceae, significant morphological divergence was found that could have relevant effects on plant ecology and adaptation.     

青海八里桥绿萝卜品种提纯复壮技术

为解决八里桥绿萝卜由于长期种植导致部分地区品种退化的问题,通过长期的生产实践,采用原种提纯复壮、良种生产、栽培管理等综合技术,实现了品种的提纯复壮,对维持青海八里桥绿萝卜品种的特殊品质具有重要意义。     

萝卜根肿病抗感品种间侵染过程及生理生化差异分析

根肿病是十字花科作物的重要病害之一,严重影响十字花科作物（油菜、白菜和萝卜等）的产量和品质。为探究根肿病的抗病机理,为防治十字花科根肿病进行田间早期的诊断预报提供依据,以两个抗病性不同的萝卜品种为试验材料,观察了根肿菌侵染的差异,利用qPCR技术测定了不同时间点根内根肿菌含量,并采用紫外分光光度法测定了其接种根肿菌后根部防御酶活性和可溶性糖含量。结果表明：根肿菌在两个萝卜品种中均发生根毛（初级）侵染,但是仅能在感病萝卜根中完成侵染循环,抗病萝卜没有观察到皮层（次级）侵染。推测次级游动孢子不能分化成休眠孢子囊是抗病萝卜抗病的主要原因。在接种后第25~45 d,感病萝卜根内的菌含量显著增加,抗病萝卜则相反,提示此期间是根肿菌在感病萝卜体内快速繁殖的重要时期。同时,接菌后抗病萝卜根部SOD活性、POD活性和可溶性糖含量高于感病品种,而CAT活性低于感病萝卜,表明较高的SOD、POD活性和可溶性糖含量以及较低的CAT活性对于萝卜的根肿病抗性具有重要的作用。     

Nitrate and bromide contents of glasshouse radish as affected by soil content and global radiation

Abstract

Samples (208) of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) foliage and root were collected from commercial glasshouses. Simultaneously corresponding soil samples were taken. Both plant and soil samples were analysed for nitrate and bromide.

The nitrate contents of foliage and root are affected by global radiation and by nitrate content of the soil. An interaction between the two factors was found; It indicated that soil nitrate content had a considerable effect in summer, but much less so in winter under poor light conditions, when the level of nitrate in the crop is high regardless of the nitrogen status of the soil. To study the effect of radiation on nitrate content of radish in summer it was found best to consider the cumulative amount of radiation during 10 days before harvest; in winter, a period of 20–30 days was more suitable.

The bromide content of foliage and root (highest values being resp. 390 and 73 mg Br per kg fresh product) was correlated with the concentration of bromide in the 1:2 volume soil extract. An increase of 1 mmol NO₃ per 1 soil extract lowered the Br content of fresh radish roots by 5.8 mg Br per kg.     

萝卜肉质根膨大过程中主要农艺学性状的变化

以不同皮色、肉质色萝卜为试材，采用常规方法对肉质根膨大过程中的主要农艺学性状进行了系统测定。结果表明，萝卜生长过程中，地上部与地下部的生长同步进行，地上部的生长状况，影响肉质根的膨大，进而影响产量；育种过程中，选择根重／叶重比值大的品种有利于提高产量和品质。     

风砂土白萝卜3414肥料试验

从2010 ～2012年连续3年开展30项白萝卜3414田间肥效试验,结果表明：在试验条件下,白萝卜每667 m2最佳经济施肥量N、P2O5、K2O分别为9.50 kg、3.55 kg和15.94 kg,N：P2O5∶ K2O为1∶0.37∶1.68.     

芜菁花叶病毒不同分离物3'-cDNA片段的克隆及序列分析

 从河北、北京、山东泰安和潍坊等地区的萝卜、大白菜、甘蓝、油菜上得到8个芜菁花叶病毒(Turnip mosaic virus,TuMV)分离物,测定了它们3'-末端cDNA片段的序列。根据衣壳蛋白基因(cp)核苷酸序列可以将这8个分离物与另外2个TuMV分离物分为3组:泰安旧镇大白菜(JZBC)、甘蓝(JZGL)和萝卜(JZLB)分离物为一组;北京(BJILB)、潍坊萝卜分离物(WFLB)与引起萝卜红心病的TuMV分离物(WFLB99)为一组;泰安范镇、河北、潍坊(WFLB04)萝卜和泰安旧镇油菜(JZYC)上的TuMV分离物为一组。农壳蛋白氨基酸序列比较结果与此基本一致,所不同的是分离物WFLB99与所有分离物的差异均较大,形成单独一个分支。有必要对TuMV的变异情况和致病机理进行深入研究。     

冀西北坝上地区萝卜地膜覆盖节水栽培技术研究

采用小区试验的方法研究地膜覆盖平作和高畦作方式下萝卜产量、水分利用效率、干物质、可溶性糖和蛋白质积累。结果表明,无论平作还是高畦作,地膜覆盖不浇水处理在各个指标方面都高于各自对照;同时,高畦作地膜覆盖不浇水处理达到了节水、高产且萝卜肉质根品质不下降的目的。