天府新区红砂岩边坡景观保护研究

对红砂岩坡体迅速遭到破坏的原因进行研究,并在不改变红砂岩本身色泽纹理的基础上,提出合理可行的化学试剂保护方案,得到试验验证。旨在为红砂岩坡体景观的合理预留情况及景观建设提出可靠的方案。     

重氮氨基类试剂的合成和应用研究进展

本文综述了近十余年来重氮氨基类试剂的合成、性质和应用研究进展,简要讨论了不同取代基对试剂光度性能的影响。     

福林试剂法快速检测藤仓赤霉发酵液中赤霉酸含量

[目的]优化福林试剂法的反应条件。[方法]以从紫外诱变样品中筛选获得的1株高产藤仓赤霉菌(G.fujikuroi)F12为研究对象,采用福林试剂法,通过溶液吸光值的变化定量检测藤仓赤霉菌发酵液中赤霉酸(GA3)的产量。[结果]当福林试剂的用量为1.5 m L、盐酸用量为3.0 m L、加热时间为20 min时,所得溶液吸光值稳定性最好,在4 h以内基本保持不变。[结论]福林试剂法操作简便、检测快速准确,可用于藤仓赤霉菌发酵液中GA3的快速检测。     

芒果涂膜保鲜的研究

用CMC、柠檬酸、保鲜剂、CaCl2为主要原料研制果蔬保鲜涂膜剂，对芒果进行保鲜试验。结果表明，涂膜处理后的芒果，在贮藏过程中其硬度、酸度、叶绿素的含量、可溶性固形物、相对电导率等生理生化指标的变化速度均明显低于对照。     

两种不同生化反应器处理选矿废水的影响因素

采用接触氧化反应器和序批式生物反应器(SBR)进行了模拟选矿废水处理的对比试验.结果表明,接触氧化反应器的最佳停留时间为8h,SBR的最佳停留时间为2h;接触氧化反应器和SBR进水pH保持在6～7有利于去除水中的有机药剂;SBR对硫化物的承受能力较接触氧化反应器低,接触氧化反应器对硫化物的承受浓度可高达120 mg/L,而对于SBR,当硫化物的浓度在80 mg/L时,3种药剂的去除率均有所下降,当硫化物的浓度在120 mg/L时,3种药剂的去除率下降较为明显;两种反应器中微生物对硫酸根离子浓度的承受浓度均较高,分别达到7 000 mg/L和2000 mg/L.     

植物体内MDA不同提取液与显色液反应条件的比较

用50 mmol/L磷酸缓冲液pH值7.8、去离子水、5%三氯乙酸3种提取液分别提取小苍兰叶片中的MDA,分别与5%三氯乙酸+0.5%TBA、1 mol/L HCl+0.5%TBA、30%乙酸+0.5%TBA 3种显色液进行交差显色试验.结果表明:用去离子水提取植物体内的MDA效果较好,用30%乙酸+0.5%TBA与MDA显色,反应产物在特定波长(532 nm)处有明显吸收峰值.     

洗涤废水的处理技术研究

[目的]拓展超声辐射在废水处理方面的应用,探索降解洗涤废水的新途径。[方法]采用对比试验研究超声辐射、Fenton试剂氧化及超声-Fenton试剂耦合法对洗涤废水的降解效果;采用正交试验研究超声时间、pH值、FeSO4投加量、H2O2投加量对超声-Fenton试剂耦合法降解洗涤废水的影响。[结果]超声辐射和Fenton试剂氧化对洗涤废水的降解率都不高,超声-Fenton试剂耦合对洗涤废水的降解率在反应的前10 min随着时间的增加而急剧增加,10 min后趋于稳定,降解完全;各因素对超声-Fenton试剂耦合法降解洗涤废水的影响次序为:反应时间>H2O2投加量>FeSO4投加量>pH值。[结论]在超声-Fenton试剂耦合法降解洗涤废水过程中,当反应时间为10 min,pH值为4,FeSO4投加量为1.0 g/L、H2O2投加量为2 ml/L时,对废水的降解率最高,可达91.2%。     

Evaluation of Mehlich 3 reagent as a multielement extractant in mine soils

The usefulness of Mehlich 3 (M3) reagent was evaluated as a method to extract numerous elements from coalmine soils in As Pontes (Spain) showing a wide range of physicochemical properties. Critical levels (deficiency and/or toxicity) were established for plant available elements extracted by this reagent. The M3 method was compared to 1M NH₄Cl, Olsen, acid oxalate, and DTPA methods as extractants for exchangeable Ca, Mg and K, available P, non-crystalline aluminium, and available heavy metals, respectively. The M3 method correlated significantly to NH₄Cl for Ca, Mg and K (r=0·76, 0·84 and 0·87, respectively), to Olsen P (r=0·77) and to oxalate Al (r=0·77). Significant correlations were found between Fe, Cu, Zn and Cd extracted by M3 and DTPA; for Mn, Ni, Co and Pb different relationship between methods were obtained for acid and alkaline samples, so that critical levels were established for M3 metals as a function of soil pH. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Use of chrome azurol S reagents to evaluate siderophore production by rhizosphere bacteria

Summary Siderophores produced by rhizosphere bacteria may enhance plant growth by increasing the availability of Fe near the root or by inhibiting the colonization of roots by plant pathogens or other harmful bacteria. To examine the populations of siderophore-producing bacteria colonizing the roots of two grass species that differed in their susceptibility to Fe deficiency, we inoculated serial dilutions of root samples onto chrome azurol S (CAS) agar and several other selective and non-selective culture meida. CAS agar effectively differentiated bacteria that were capable of excreting large amounts of siderophore, but the composition of the medium limited its usefulness for ecological studies. A large proportion (71–79%) of the bacterial population that grew on a non-selective medium (tryptic soy agar) failed to grow on CAS agar, and several isolates that showed no sign of siderophore production on CAS agar produced siderophore in liquid culture. Similar populations of siderophore-producing bacteria were observed on roots of St. Augustine grass, which frequently exhibits Fe chlorosis, and bermuda grass, which does not. Roots of both grasses were colonized by bacteria that produced siderophore in vitro at concentrations ranging from 100 to 230 M. The CAS assay solution was also used to compare siderophore production by Pseudomonas fluorescens Q6, an isolate from bermuda grass, and by P. putida B 10, a plant growth-promoting pseudomonad. P. fluorescens Q6 produced 2.4 times more siderophore in vitro than P. putida B 10.     

油菜根肿病的化学防治技术研究

油菜根肿病是一典型土传病害,防治困难。选用生产上常用的8种药剂,比较不同药剂使用剂量、施药方式和施用时间对油菜根肿病的防效。结果表明,不同施药方式药剂出苗率不同:药剂拌土整体出苗率较高,氰霜唑、氟啶胺、噻唑锌出苗率均高于70.00%;药剂浇淋,氰霜唑出苗率最高,达到96.67%;药剂拌种,整体出苗率偏低。药剂拌种、药剂浇淋和药剂拌土平均防效分别为81.55%、67.47%和62.44%。3叶1心期,药剂灌根,以氟啶胺、氰霜唑和多菌灵的防治效果较好,分别为71.9%、71.1%和70.2%。