渠道防渗技术新进展

介绍了有关北方混凝土渠道防渗防冻胀技术，土壤固化剂及聚合物纤维混凝土在渠道防渗工程中应用技术，结论认为：采用聚乙烯土工膜，复合土工膜等柔性材料与刚性保护相结合是高寒地区较合理的渠道防渗结构形式；土壤固化剂能与各类土壤发生化学或生物作用，改变土壤结构，亲水性等性质，特别是缺乏砂石料的灌区有广泛的应用空间，聚合物纤维混凝土在灌区渠道防渗工作中可以防止或减少混凝土裂缝，具有高变形能力和耐久性。     

A Comparative Study of Confined Concrete Models under Cyclic Loading

In this paper,four models are selected as the representatives and applied to nonlinear dynamic analysis program for space frames which is based on the beam-column elements using the finite element flexibility method and the fiber model.Park's test on combined axial and bending columns under cyclic loading are taken as the calibrations,comparisons to material and structural member level are drawn and the analytical results of various models are discussed.     

Measurement and Analysis of Prestressed Concrete Flat Beam- Waffle Slab System During Prestressing

During the pre - stressing of the unbonded prestressed concrete wide flat beam - waffle slab system, the displacements and strains of slab and the prestressed concrete beams were site - measured and the results were analyzed. The prestressing construction was simulated by finite element program. The prestressing efficiency of the unbonded prestressed concrete wide flat beam - waffle slab system was discussed. It indicates that the prestressing efficiency was affected by the in -plane stiffness of slab.     

Sulphate Attack Resistance of the Concrete with Additives and Its Assessment

The influence of three kinds of additives: silica fume,slag and fly ash on the sulphate attack resistance of concrete were studied.The experiment results show that these three kinds of additives can improve sulphate attack resistance of the concrete and the order of their efficiency from high to low is silica fume,slag and fly ash;the development of mortar expansion value is closely related to the degree of sulphate attack resistance of the concrete;integrated assessing two concrete properties: mortar expansion value and compressive strength ratio can more exactly assess the sulphate attack resistance of the concrete.     

Cause Analysis and Treatment Measure on Cracks in New Reinforced Concrete Restricted by Old Web Concrete

In this paper, the cause analysis about cracks on the new concrete web poured in multi -span continuous box -girder of a main bridge was introduced. This bridge is a prestressed concrete one with variable cross sections and an 80 -meter main span. When casting reinforced concrete in large volume in box girder during vehicle transport service, the shrinkage cracks in cast -in place reinforced web concrete were formed due to the restriction of old web concrete. Then, the control measure taken on these cracks is discussed.     

长期浸泡作用下硫酸根离子在混凝土中的传输规律试验研究

针对受硫酸盐溶液长期浸泡作用的混凝土,制备对应于混凝土所处环境类别和作用等级中度、严重和非常严重的硫酸钠溶液,硫酸根浓度分别为800、6 000、50 000 mg/L。将强度等级为C40的混凝土试块在硫酸钠溶液中浸泡至不同龄期,采用钻芯、分层切片、研磨提取水泥石粉末样本进行化学分析,研究了硫酸根离子在混凝土内的分散和传输规律。结果表明,硫酸根离子在混凝土中的传输与侵蚀溶液浓度和侵蚀龄期存在较复杂的相关性。在侵蚀龄期较短时,硫酸根离子在混凝土中的传输速度较快,侵蚀深度较大。随着侵蚀龄期的增长,硫酸根离子主要集中在混凝土浅层范围内,且随着侵蚀溶液浓度的增加浅层混凝土中的硫酸根离子含量明显增大。     

Torsion behavior of Steel encased Concrete Composite Beams

In order to study torsion behavior of steel encased concrete composite beams, experiments were carried out with eight specimens. The destruction shape, working mechanism and the crack development and distribution were analyzed under pure torsion and combine torsion conditions. And also the relationships were investigated between torque and torsion ratio, load and strain, bending moment and deflection and load crack. On the basis of elasticity plastic theory, the formulas of cracking torsion were presented for pure torsion and combined torsion of combined beam. And with spatial truss model of variable angle, formulas for ultimate torsion strength of pure torsion and combined torsion were put forward. The predicted results were in good agreement with measured ones. The proposed formulas provided basis for evaluating safety and stability of the structural.     

Analysis of a steel tubular column filled with equidistant fiber reinforced polymer ring stiffening concrete

Based on theory of cylinders subjected to uniform internal pressure, the mechanical performance of a steel tubular column filled with equidistant fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) ring stiffening concrete is investigated. The solutions for the stress and displacement are regarded as the superposition of elementary and improved solutions. The elementary solutions are found by using two dimensional elastic theory. The improved solutions are found by using the Love displacement function method. Considering the conditions of the displacement continuum of the FRP ring and the steel tube exterior, a more accurate solution for an equidistantly FRP ring stiffened cylinder subjected to a uniform internal pressure is obtained. Several numerical calculations are also carried out. The results indicate the solutions possess good convergence.     

The Effect of Slabs on the Failure Mode of Reinforced Concrete Frame Structures

A majority of reinforced concrete frame structure failure patterns resulting from the May 12, 2008 earthquake in Wenchuan County, P. R. China were analyzed. It was found that the main failure mode of frame works was “strong beam, weak column”, which conflicts with the design criteria of “strong column, weak beam”. The cause of this failure pattern was analyzed. A new concept is put forward that should be considered in design work. The over strength caused by slabs connected monolithically to the beams is analyzed. The joint types, transverse beam stiffness and lateral drift influence the reinforcing effect of the sla, Moreover, a reinforced concrete frame model was simulated using the program ABAQUS. The slab reinforcement stress distributions at different lateral drifts were analyzed and the effective flange width value proposed.     

Modeling and Its Application of Reinforced Concrete Columns Considering Nonlinear Shear Effects

A fiber beam-column element in conjunction with zero-length elements attached to its ends was proposed to simulate the flexural and shear mechanism respectively. Based on the Limit State Material model and the Shear Limit Curve model provided by OpenSees, the nonlinear shear effect of reinforced concrete column and its coupling with the flexural effect were defined. The reliability of the proposed model was validated by means of comparisons with existing test results. Finally, a plane frame from in-situ pushover test was simulated. It is shown that the proposed method, by taking the nonlinear shear effect into account, produces satisfactory results for frame columns with shear strength and stiffness degradation, while the conventional fiber beam-column element can hardly simulate actual flexure-shear failure mechanism for columns characterized by insufficient transverse reinforcement. The proposed method is applicable for nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete frame structures with shear deficiencies.