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991.
以湖南省会同县一块常绿阔叶林为对象,对其林地土壤水分的物理特征、枯枝落叶层的持水特征、土壤水分的下渗特征、降雨雨滴的大小分布及降雨动能特征等进行了测定分析,结果表明,常绿阔叶林生态系统对减少雨水对土壤的侵蚀、涵养水源具有重要的作用. 相似文献
992.
993.
In this study we determined soil moisture storage, evapotranspiration (ET) and light interception in an agroforestry trial consisting of pine trees grown over (1) control (bare ground), (2) ryegrass/clovers (Lolium perene/Trifolium spp.), (3) lucerne (Medicago sativa), and (4) ryegrass only during the third growing season between 1992 and 1993. The results show that:
相似文献
1. | In the period when rainfall was frequent and exceeded the evaporative demand (Epot), ET and depletion of soil moisture were not affected by the ground cover treatments. During summer when rainfall was less frequent, but with moisture readily available in the soil profile, ET was associated with plant canopy, and was significantly higher for the pasture ground covers than for the control. Therefore, the more rapid growth by lucerne caused higher ET in this ground cover than in the ryegrass/clovers ground cover in which the pasture was slow growing. At the end of the study period, total ET was in the following order: lucerne (757 mm) > ryegrass/clovers (729 mm) > Control (618 mm). |
2. | ET was dominated by pasture transpiration (Ep) during most of the growing season, but by tree transpiration (Et) in winter when large parts of the pasture canopy was shaded. Ep was always at least 16% higher for lucerne than for ryegrass/clovers species as a result of a greater radiation intercepted by the former. |
3. | Fraction of incoming radiation intercepted by the tree crowns was in the following order: control > ryegrass > ryegrass/clovers > lucerne. At the end of the one-year period, fraction of intercepted radiation was 140% greater for control than for lucerne ground cover. |
4. | The control produced the largest tree crowns, which were almost twice the tree crowns in the lucerne ground cover which produced the smallest trees. Accordingly, the trees in the control intercepted more radiation and rainfall, with the former being lost to evaporation, than the trees in the pasture. |
5. | The fractions of radiation intercepted and ET accounted for by the trees and pastures were associated with the proportion of the plot area they occupied. |
994.
Lennart Noordermeer Terje Gobakken Erik Næsset Ole Martin Bollandsås 《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2021,36(1):55-67
ABSTRACT Forest productivity is a crucial variable in forest planning, usually expressed as site index (SI). In Nordic commercial forest inventories, SI is commonly estimated by a combination of aerial image interpretation, field assessment and information obtained from previous inventories. Airborne laser scanning (ALS) and digital aerial photogrammetry (DAP) data can alternatively be used for SI estimation, however the economic utilities of the inventory methods have not been compared. We compared seven methods of SI estimation in a cost-plus-loss analysis, by which we added the expected economic losses due to sub-optimal treatment decisions to the inventory costs. The methods comprised direct and indirect estimation from combinations of ALS, DAP and stand register data, and manual interpretation from aerial imagery supported by field assessment and information from previous inventories (conventional practices). The choice of method had great impact on both the accuracy and the economic value of the produced estimates. Direct methods using bitemporal ALS and DAP data gave the best accuracy and the smallest total cost. DAP was a suitable and low-cost data source for SI estimation. Estimation from single-date ALS and DAP data and age obtained from the stand register provided practical alternatives when applied to even-aged stands. 相似文献
995.
G. M. A. Iqbal S. M. S. Huda M. Sujauddin M. K. Hossain 《林业研究》2007,18(3):226-230
A study was carried out to determine the influence of different types of sludges (municipal, industrial and residential) on field germination, growth and nodulation of L. leucocephala seedlings in the nursery. Before sowing of seeds, different combinations of sludges were incorporated with the nutrient deficient natural forest soils. Field germination, nodulation status and physical growth parameters of seedlings (shoot and root length, vigor index, collar diameter, leaf number, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root and total dry biomass increment) were recorded after three and six months of seed sowing. Field germination, nodulation status and growth parameters were varied significantly in the soil amended with sludges in comparison to control. The highest number of nodule was recorded from soil amended with residential sludge ( 1:1 ) and highest fresh and dry nodule weight was also found from the same combination in both three and six month old seedlings. In case of growth parameters, the highest growth was recorded from soil and residential sludge ( 1:1 ) combination compared to control. From the study, it can be recommended that soil amended with residential sludge ( 1:1 ) provide better field germination, growth and nodule formation of L. leucocephala in degraded soil. 相似文献
996.
Janusz Zwolinski 《中国林学(英文版)》2006,8(4):30-36
Fynbos plant communities developed under geographic and climatic conditions unique to South Africa. Acacia karroo is the most widespread tree species, well known for its drought tolerance. A. nilotica exudes a good quality gum which is edible and suitable for confectionery. The two species have been introduced to China but little is known about their adaptability under the new environmental conditions. For our present study, the growth potential and physiological and biochemical parameters of the two species in response to cold stress were investigated. The results, measured as seed qualities (purity, thousand seed weights, germination, etc.) show differences between A. karroo and A. nilotica. The seed germination rate was between 10% and 60%. Seedlings were established in fields, pots and plugs. Those in the field grew well during the growing season but completely died in the winter. Those in pots or plugs were moved to and managed in the greenhouse. The plants were green in winter. The electrical conductivity of cells, the contents of water soluble sugars, proteins, malondialdehyde (MDA) increased during eight hours of low temperature treatment at 4℃. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) decreased markedly during the eight hours of 4℃treatment. We conclude that A. karroo and A. nilotica have little adaptability to the cold winter weather and cannot survive in the outdoors in the Beijing area, but could grow well indoors as ornamentals. 相似文献
997.
赤松毛虫(Dendrolimus spectabilis Butler)是山东省松树的主要害虫,常将成片的松树吃光,危害十分严重。目前在治虫工作中,往往只根据经验性“指标”决定防治与否,盲目性很大。因此,研究和提出一个准确有效的防治指标,具有非常重要的意义。我们于1986~1987年在山东省新泰市土门林场,对赤松毛虫防治指标进行了初步研究,现将结果整理报告如下。 相似文献
998.
999.
1983—1987年对湖北省武昌、宜昌、当阳县和陕西省城固县油橄榄中试园土壤与营养状况进行了研究。结果表明:油橄榄生长较好的(一类树下)土壤条件是pH7—8,CaCO_3>5%,有机质>1.8%,速效N>74.4—87.4mg/kg土,速效P>40mg/kg土,速效K>200mg/kg土,交换性Ca103—181mmol/kg土,交换性Mg24—34mmol/kg土。生长结实好的一类树叶片营养指标为N2.0—2.5%,P_2O_5 0.14%,K_2O 1.5%,CaO 4.0%,MgO 0.8%。通过分析建立了预测产量和施肥控制的回归方程。 相似文献
1000.
区域森林资源可持续发展评价指标体系浅谈 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
通过分析研究各国的森林可持续发展的评价指标体系,以可持续发展理论为指导,结合区域森林资源的特点,探讨了构建区域森林资源可持续发展评价指标体系的原则,结构,方法。 相似文献