The effect of reflective foil and hail nets on the lighting,color and anthocyanins of ‘Fuji’ apple

We studied the influence of covering the orchard floor with reflective foil on photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) both under and outside hail nets, and the possibility that the reflective foil under the hail net compensates for light reduction in last month before harvest time. On the lower side of fruit in the canopy, the reflective foil increased PAR. The chromaticity value a^* showed a difference in the intensity of red coloration in the reflective foil and hail net treatments. Amounts of individual cyanidins were detected by using HPLC–MS. The accumulation of five individual anthocyanins (cyanidin-galactoside, three cyanidin-pentoses and cyanidin) was investigated during last month before harvest time. Concentrations of the main, cyanidin-galactoside in ‘Fuji’ apple increased before harvest time, and at harvest time the reflective foil caused an increase in all identified anthocyanins.     

月季''''金银岛''''的红花芽变品系的分析鉴定

芽变育种在月季新品种选育中至关重要.为了快速区分真正可遗传的芽变和环境因素引起的饰变,采用RAPD和ISSR对月季'金银岛'的疑似芽变株系'往日情怀'进行了标记分析,RAPD和ISSR引物都能扩增出差异多态性条带.结果表明:该芽变是由基因组变异引起的可遗传的稳定变异,是与花青素合成相关基因的突变.这为花色相关变异基因分离克隆以及'往日情怀'芽变新品种申报奠定了基础.     

温度和辐射对一品红发育及主要品质指标的影响

 以辐热积(每日温度相对热效应×光合有效辐射, Photothermal p roduct, PTP) 为光温指标,通过不同扦插期的试验研究了温度和辐射与‘千禧’一品红发育和品质指标的定量关系, 明确了从短日至单苞期、单蕾期、多蕾期、开花期所需要的PTP。结果表明标准化株高净增量(株高净增量/扦插苗初始叶面积) 与PTP呈幂函数关系; 主干叶片净增数、侧枝叶片数、苞片数与PTP均呈线性关系; 冠高比与PTP呈负指数关系。     

High-dose-rate brachytherapy for intranasal tumours in dogs: results of a pilot study

This prospective study describes the feasibility and toxicity of ¹⁹²Iridium high‐dose‐rate (HDR) brachytherapy as an alternative strategy for the treatment of canine intranasal tumours. Fifteen dogs with malignant intranasal tumours were treated twice weekly using a hypofractionated protocol with eight fractions, 5 Gy per fraction, resulting in a total dose of 40 Gy. Acute and chronic adverse side‐effects appeared to be rare. Only 7% of the acute side‐effects and 5% of the chronic were classified as severe (grade 3). Eight dogs showed clinical complete remission, and five dogs had partial remission, with a resolution of tumour‐related symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a reduced tumour mass in 12 cases. Median survival time was 17 months (range 4–48 months), with four dogs (three without disease) still alive. Median time to recurrence of these dogs was 14 months. In nine dogs, progression or recurrence of the tumour was the cause of death. This study suggests that HDR brachytherapy is feasible and well tolerated.     

巴氏杆菌对链霉素和磺胺耐药机制的研究

根据巴氏杆菌的链霉素耐药基因StrA和磺胺耐药基因SulⅡ序列设计2对引物,以临床分离的4株禽源巴氏杆菌耐药株为模板,扩增出StrA、SulⅡ基因序列。经克隆和核苷酸序列测定,克隆的基因与文献报道的耐药基因序列(NC-001774)有较高的同源性(≥98.9%);试验结果显示,耐药株巴氏杆菌对链霉素和磺胺耐药性的差异与StrA、SulⅡ基因突变有关(耐药性高的菌株基因突变率高)。试验中所有耐药菌均在StrA基因编码的第204位氨基酸处存在突变;所有耐药菌均在SulⅡ基因编码的第159,246,384,584,590,591,597,582位氨基酸处存在突变,上述突变基因可能是导致巴氏杆菌对链霉素和磺胺产生耐药性的主要因素。     

Canine acute radiation dermatitis, a survey of current management practices in North America

Acute radiation‐induced dermatitis (ARID) is a common sequela of radiation therapy in dogs. There is no consensus regarding ARID management in human medicine and the standard of care in veterinary medicine has not been reported. The objective was to report the practice standards for ARID management in dogs in North America. The design used was a questionnaire survey. Fifty‐eight private and university teaching veterinary hospitals were contacted, 54 participated. The topical and oral medications used to treat ARID, prevent or treat bacterial infection, control pain and the indications for and timing of treatment initiation were the outcome measures. A minority of facilities (4/54, 7.5%) use exactly the same protocol regarding all parameters. There was agreement (>75% of facilities) with respect to the general use of oral antibiotics (77.8%), the need for pain control (92.6%) and the use of tramadol for pain control (76%), although the details of their use varied widely. There is a divergence of opinions regarding all details of ARID management in dogs except the general use of oral antibiotics and pain control medications.     

Analysis and mapping of CACNB4, CHRNA1, KCNJ3, SCN2A and SPG4, physiological candidate genes for porcine congenital progressive ataxia and spastic paresis

The cause of porcine congenital progressive ataxia and spastic paresis (CPA) is unknown. This severe neuropathy manifests shortly after birth and is lethal. The disease is inherited as a single autosomal recessive allele, designated cpa. In a previous study, we demonstrated close linkage of cpa to microsatellite SW902 on porcine chromosome 3 (SSC3), which corresponds syntenically to human chromosome 2. This latter chromosome contains ion channel genes (Ca(2+), K(+) and Na(+)), a cholinergic receptor gene and the spastin (SPG4) gene, which cause human epilepsy and ataxia when mutated. We mapped porcine CACNB4, KCNJ3, SCN2A and CHRNA1 to SSC15 and SPG4 to SSC3 with the INRA-Minnesota porcine radiation hybrid panel (IMpRH) and we sequenced the entire open reading frames of CACNB4 and SPG4 without finding any differences between healthy and affected piglets. An anti-epileptic drug treatment with ethosuximide did not change the severity of the disease, and pigs with CPA did not exhibit the corticospinal tract axonal degeneration found in humans suffering from hereditary spastic paraplegia, which is associated with mutations in SPG4. For all these reasons, the hypothesis that CACNB4, CHRNA1, KCNJ3, SCN2A or SPG4 are identical with the CPA gene was rejected.     

猪带绦虫六钩蚴TSOL18真核表达载体pVTSOL18m的构建

根据Kozak原理设计引物，以重组原核表达载体pGEX—TSOL18为模板扩增TSOL18基因，用EcoRⅠ、XhoⅠ酶切后与经相同处理的pVAX1载体连接并转化JM109感受态细胞，经测序证明读码框正确后，再根据PCR点突变的方法设计引物。将目的基因NruⅠ位点中的碱基（第347位）经三次PCR反应突变，最终获得含突变位点的TSOL18m基因。EcoRI、XhoI再次酶切后与pVAX1载体连接，成功构建了含点突变的重组pVAX1表达载体，为TSOL18基因重组犬2型腺病毒活载体疫苗的研制奠定了基础。     

空间诱变育种及其在瓜类上的应用

空间诱变育种(或航天育种)是航天技术与现代生物技术、常规育种技术相结合的新育种技术。论述了空间诱变育种的概念、方法、机理、特点及国内外研究概况,并分析了空间诱变育种技术在瓜类育种上的应用,对其前景进行了展望。     

RADIATION INDUCED VERTEBRAL OSTEOSARCOMA FOLLOWING TREATMENT OF AN INTRADURAL EXTRAMEDULLARY SPINAL CORD TUMOR IN A DOG

A 2-year-old neutered female Rottweiler diagnosed with an intradural extramedullary spinal cord tumor at T12-T13 was successfully treated with cytoreductive surgery followed by Cobalt 60 teletherapy. The dog was euthanised 5-and-a-half years later following diagnosis of an osteosarcoma involving the L1 and L2 vertebrae. Evidence of the initial tumor was not present at necropsy. The vertebral neoplasm fulfilled all of the accepted criteria for a radiation induced tumor. It was concluded that adjunctive irradiation should be considered for treatment of intradural extramedullary tumors of young dogs when total surgical resection is not possible. Although tumor induction is a rare late effect of radiation therapy, the risk of this occurrence should be considered when irradiating young animals. Radiation induced tumors in dogs have been associated with coarse fractionation schemes, or when large intraoperative doses have been administered. A lower dose per fraction, e.g., 3 Gy/fraction or less, is advisable when irradiating young dogs or any dog in which the life expectancy is 3-5 or more years after irradiation.