两种高寒植被长波辐射的气候学特征及比较

地球边界层热量来源是地表吸收太阳短波辐射后再以长波辐射形式加热的结果,而边界层生物活动与近地表热量息息相关,讨论长波辐射的变化特征对生态系统的物质流动及能量交换具有重要意义。以2003年对高寒矮嵩草草甸、金露梅灌丛两种植被类型观测的资料,比较分析了两种植被类型地面长波辐射（ULR）、大气逆辐射（DLR）以及地面有效长波辐射（ELR）的变化特征。结果表明,高寒矮嵩草草甸、金露梅灌丛ULR、DLR以及ELR均具有明显的日、月变化。其中矮嵩草草甸、金露梅灌丛的ULR月平均日变化在北京时间14∶00最高,凌晨最低;DLR在16∶00-18∶00最高,凌晨最低;ELR在8∶00最低,14∶00最高。月变化中,两种植被类型区ULR、DLR的最低值出现在1-2月,较高值出现在7-9月,而ELR变化趋势比较复杂。总体而言,金露梅灌丛的DLR、ULR变化值明显比矮嵩草草甸的高。     

太空搭载结合离子注入进行白莲诱变育种的研究

3年的试验观察表明 ,离子注入经太空诱变的白莲种子育出的花型由单瓣变为半重瓣、重瓣花 ;花色由红色变成粉红、爪红色 ;莲蓬、莲籽变异出多种形状 ;始蕾期比对照提前 5～2 1d ,末蕾期延迟到 9月下旬 ;单缸现蕾数高达 1 4朵 ,1m2 小区现蕾 2 1朵 ;单株平均每蓬实粒数最多的为 2 1 6粒 ,铁莲子最大粒重达 2 0 2g ,鲜壳莲子最大粒重达 5 0g ,上述性状变异是常规育种方法少见的     

Nutritional response of seedling tomato plants under different lighting treatments

In order to describe the effect of complementary artificial light supply on the nutrient status of tomato seedlings, fluorescent lamps were compared to each other. Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) concentrations were measured (mg g^?1 dry matter). Blue, red and far-red relationships were established. The N, P and K higher concentration and uptake have been found under high efficiency fluorescent lamps. Phosphorus uptake increasing was observed at high levels of irradiation. Potassium concentration is significantly higher under compact fluorescent lamps. The relationship between ratios and N, P and K extractions were used as indicators of limitation for plant. The ratio N/P and N/K present a low relation with N extraction. The ratio N/P presents a significant correlation with P extraction, also the ratios N/K and P/K with K extraction. Significant differences in constant of lineal equation have been found in P/K ratio and K extraction.     

论节能式炉气体木材干燥室的设计

本文讨论了节能式炉气干燥室设计的一些技术问题，如提高自生风引力增强通风；多种传热方式并用，增强传热，降低热损失的途径等，以达到节能降耗、快速干燥的目的。     

现代生物技术在甘薯育种中的应用

现代生物技术攻克了过去在甘薯(Ipomoea batatas)育种中无法解决的难题。诱变育种、细胞工程、分子标记和基因工程等现代生物技术已在甘薯选育、品质改良、增强抗病虫性等方面上发挥了非常重要的作用。综述了诱变育种、细胞工程、分子标记和基因工程等现代生物技术在甘薯育种中的研究与利用概况。     

寡日照天气对设施番茄生长影响模拟研究

为了定量化表征寡日照天气对设施番茄生长的影响,本研究基于EPIC模型(erosion-productivity impact calculator)的作物生长模块,构建了寡日照条件下设施番茄生长模型。考虑低温的影响,对株高的模拟方法进行了改进。利用4个不同播期秋冬茬番茄栽培试验数据对构建模型进行参数率定和检验。结果表明,该模型可以模拟寡日照天气条件下设施番茄株高、地上部生物量和叶面积指数的变化,模拟值与实测值的相对误差分别控制在16%、10%和16%以内。根据2012-2015年11月份的温室气象数据设定不同的情形,模拟设施番茄的生长状况。结果表明,寡日照天气对设施番茄地上部生物量增加的影响要大于对叶面积指数和株高的影响。该模型可用于定量描述寡日照天气对设施番茄生长过程的影响,可为制定设施番茄合理的环境调控策略提供指导。     

矮化李树果实膨大、新梢旺长期光合产物与磷素吸收分配的~(14)C、~(32)P示踪研究

本研究以~(14)C和~(32)P标记矮化李树,观察其果实膨大与新梢旺长期的光合产物的分配与磷的吸收。结果表明:光合产物及磷的吸收首先运输到生长旺盛部位,并随生长的减慢运输也减慢终止。正在生长的嫩叶、嫩梢的光合产物不供给其它组织和部位。停长叶的光合产物首先满足本枝,而后才运向侧枝。光合产物与磷素的吸收随着时问的延长逐渐向根部转移和积累。矮化李果实中吸收~(14)C和~(32)P的量均明显超过乔化李果实。     

Analysis of human infectious avian influenza virus: Hemagglutinin genetic characteristics in Asia and Africa from 2004 to 2009

In the present study, we used nucleotide and protein sequences of avian influenza virus H5N1, which were obtained in Asia and Africa, analyzed HA proteins using ClustalX1.83 and MEGA4.0, and built a genetic evolutionary tree of HA nucleotides. The analysis revealed that the receptor specificity amino acid of A/HK/213/2003, A/Turkey/65596/2006 and etc mutated into QNG, which could bind with á–2, 3 galactose and á–2, 6 galactose. A mutation might thus take place and lead to an outbreak of human infections of avian influenza virus. The mutations of HA protein amino acids from 2004 to 2009 coincided with human infections provided by the World Health Organization, indicating a “low–high–highest–high–low” pattern. We also found out that virus strains in Asia are from different origins: strains from Southeast Asia and East Asia are of the same origin, whereas those from West Asia, South Asia and Africa descend from one ancestor. The composition of the phylogenetic tree and mutations of key site amino acids in HA proteins reflected the fact that the majority of strains are regional and long term, and virus diffusions exist between China, Laos, Malaysia, Indonesia, Azerbaijan, Turkey and Iraq. We would advise that pertinent vaccines be developed and due attention be paid to the spread of viruses between neighboring countries and the dangers of virus mutation and evolution.     

参数可变自适应遗传算法在军事地形图矢量化中的应用

针对纸制军事地图矢量化问题进行研究，提出一种基于自适应遗传算法的军事地形图矢量化方法，并在生成新的个体后，增加个体修正操作，提高个体的适应度。在该算法中，提出一种即考虑进化代数对算法的影响，又考虑到每代不同个体适应度作用的自适应交叉概率和变异概率。通过与传统方法的实验比较，证明该方法的可用性和有效性。     

Novel Canine Tumour Suppressor Gene p53 Mutations in Cases of Skin and Mammary Neoplasms

Exons 4 to 8 of the tumour suppressor gene p53 were analysed in 25 skin and 25 mammary tumours of 50 dogs. A 1 bp deletion (ACCAC) was detected in codon 89 in exon 4 in a squamous cell carcinoma. A missense mutation CGCCAC (argininehistidine) was present in codon 162 in exon 5 in a mammary adenocarcinoma. Moreover, a silent mutation occurred in codon 103 (serine) of exon 4 in a mammary adenoma. The somatic nature of the three mutations was demonstrated.