Radiosensitivity and capacity for radiation-induced sublethal damage repair of canine transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) cell lines

Understanding the inherent radiosensitivity and repair capacity of canine transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) can aid in optimizing radiation protocols to treat this disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate the parameters surviving fraction at 2 Gy (SF(2) ), α/β ratio and capacity for sublethal damage repair (SLDR) in response to radiation. Dose-response and split-dose studies were performed using the clonogenic assay. The mean SF(2) for three established TCC cell lines was high at 0.61. All the three cell lines exhibited a low to moderate α/β ratio, with the mean being 3.27. Two cell lines exhibited statistically increased survival at 4 and 24 h in the dose-response assay. Overall, our results indicate that the cell lines are moderately radioresistant, have a high repair capacity and behave similarly to a late-responding normal tissue. These findings indicate that the radiation protocols utilizing higher doses with less fractionation may be more effective for treating TCC.     

TOTAL SKIN ELECTRON THERAPY TECHNIQUE FOR THE CANINE PATIENT

Cutaneous epitheliotropic T‐cell lymphoma in canine patients is a radiation sensitive tumor but total skin electron therapy is used only rarely. Our purpose was to evaluate dose distribution from a total skin electron therapy technique using 6 MeV electron beams. The treatment was comprised of 12 fields, with the dog in lateral recumbency in a stride position at an extended distance from the source. Uniformity, flatness and symmetry were determined for each beam. The composite percent depth dose profile for all beams was measured in solid water phantoms and skin dose was determined on a canine cadaver using thermoluminescent dosimeters. The resulting d_max of the composite beams was 1 mm and dose variation over the skin was 6.8%, with the extremities having the most uneven dose distribution. Dimensions of the fields were adequate to obtain an effective treatment profile for the entire thickness of canine epidermis and the technique was feasible for clinical application. Individual tailoring of the protocol to deal with hot and cold spots may be necessary and set up will likely involve a significant time commitment for the therapy team.     

和田市1961-2009年太阳总辐射的变化特征

应用和田市国家基准气象站1961-2009年逐月太阳总辐射资料,采用线性倾向估计、Morlet连续小波、滑动t检验法分析了49a来和田市太阳总辐射的趋势变化、周期及突变特征,结果表明：年太阳总辐射呈显著的减少趋势,减少率达96.8MJ/m2.10a,夏、秋、冬三季亦呈显著减少变化趋势;60年代平均辐射最多且明显偏多、8...     

日光温室气象环境综合研究(三)——几种弧型采光屋面温室内直射光量的比较研究

本文计算了北京地区四种弧型采光屋面的温室内10～4月各月平均太阳直接辐射日总量(简称直射光总量),并进行了比较。结果表明10～4月室内直射光总量均以圆面——抛物面组合型温室最高,椭圆面最低。圆面和抛物面相比,冬季(11～2月)前者优于后者,春季(3～4月)相反。     

突变体杂交诱变育成小麦新品种西辐十二号

用两个突变体杂交,并用200Gy60Coγ射线辐照处理杂交干种子,经9个世代定向选择,于1995年育成了中矮秆、大穗、粒重、品质优良的小麦新品系95-γ728。该品系2003年10月通过四川省农作物品种审定委员会审定,命名为西辐十二号。本文介绍了该品种的选育经过、特征特性及其产量表现。     

光辐射对农业土壤的影响

核爆炸产生的光辐射，能量大，发射率高，在一定数值内可使土壤表层熔融，沸腾，并随着光冲量值的减弱轻。表层熔融的土壤，机械组成有微小的变化，有机质，全氮量有部分减少，但不影响整个耕层土壤的耕作性能，在此土壤上种植农作物，生长良好，产量正常。     

Long-term global earth surface ultraviolet radiation exposure derived from ISCCP and TOMS satellite measurements

A long-term (1983–2000) global dataset of Earth’s surface daily-integrated UV exposure was developed from a combination of ISCCP-D1 3 h reflectance measurements (in order to resolve the diurnal variation of cloud conditions) and TOMS total ozone amount. The inversion algorithm developed in our previous study was employed with modifications addressing the conversion of visible reflectance to UV albedo and narrowband UV albedo to broadband albedo over the range of 280–400 nm. Validation of the product was carried out using ground-based measurements at six stations. In general, good agreements between the estimated and measured daily UV exposure are found at most stations; the relative mean and root mean square (RMS) difference varies from 3 to 14% and from 20 to 45%, respectively. Among the stations, San Diego has a fairly low mean difference (9%) and the lowest RMS difference (33%), owing to the prevailing clear sky or uniform cloud cover condition. The RMS difference increases with cloud amount, which is largely caused by mismatch between satellite and ground-based measurements. The effect of diurnal variation in atmospheric opacity associated primarily with cloud on the estimation of daily erythemal UV doses is investigated with both ground-based measurements and ISCCP-D1 data. It is found that daily erythemal UV doses estimated from only a noontime satellite “snapshot” may incur errors larger than 20%, which may be reduced for long-term averaging.     

Modelled and measured ratio of PAR to global radiation under cloudless skies

The ratio between photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) and solar broadband irradiance depends on the spectral structure of radiation. Therefore, at the Earth surface, this ratio depends on atmospheric conditions and solar height. Specifically, for cloudless skies, and based on results from a spectral radiative transfer model, a parameterised model is presented here in order to obtain the ratio between PPFD and global irradiance from meteorological routine measurements. The two main input variables of the model are air mass and an estimation of precipitable water column. Modelled values are compared to measurements taken at Girona (NE Iberian Peninsula). A correction to measurements is developed to take into account the non-cosine response of the instruments. Agreement between measurements and model is significantly better than merely considering a constant value of the ratio between PPFD and global broadband irradiance.     

林下植被对半干旱区不同密度刺槐林地土壤水分环境的指示作用

 研究林下植被对不同密度林地土壤水分环境的指示作用,可以为造林营林中的密度调控、提高林分生产力和林分稳定性等,提供理论根据。为此,对山西黄土丘陵沟壑区的14年生人工刺槐(Robiniapseudoacacia)林6种造林密度(1.5m×2m、1.5m×3m、1.5m×4m、1.5m×5m、1.5m×6m、1.5m×7m)林分的土壤水分、林下光照强度等环境因子进行观测,同时,采用样方调查法,对不同密度林内的树木生长情况和林下植物的类型、数量、分布及发育状况进行了研究。结果表明:密度小的林分内,各小环境指标均优于密度大的林分,其中土壤水分、光照强度有显著的随林分密度增大而减小的趋势,刺槐林地内随着林分密度的增大,渐渐出现干旱、半干旱地区成龄人工林土壤干化的现象,林下植被的种类和数量相应减少,物种丰富度和物种多样性指数也降低,且逐步由以鹅观草(Roegneriakamoji),小菅草(Themedaminor)为典型的中生植物,向以角蒿(Incarvilleasinensis),灰绿藜(Chenopodiumglaucum)为典型的旱生植物过渡,反映出林分内的小环境条件随林分密度变化的特征。因此,在半干旱区造林和营林中,密度不可过大,以便提高林分生产力和林分稳定性。