国内外粮食水分快速检测方法的研究

综述了国内外粮食水分快速检测的方法,分析了各类方法及仪器设备的特点和局限性.     

速溶牦牛油茶生产工艺及参数研究

通过L₉(3⁴)正交试验选择出最佳膨化工艺参数：进料速率0.9 kg/min,模具预热温度160℃,原料含水率15%;兼顾营养和膨化度确定大豆、青稞的混合膨化比例为15∶85;利用高压提取、减压浓缩技术,提取生长在海拔3 400多米高寒草地牦牛骨髓油,配以混合膨化粉及其他辅料,通过造粒、远红外干燥、自动计量包装等流水线生产,制成含蛋白质152 g/kg,热能17 556 kJ/kg、Ca 15.6 g/kg,P 31 g/kg、Fe 330 mg/kg的营养丰富、冲调性好、极具民族风味特色的新型颗粒状固体油茶。     

Control Strategy and Simulation Study on NiMH Battery Quick Charging for Regenerative Braking of HEV

Based on the result of NiMH battery performance experiments, changing trend of maximal temperature and difference in temperature of HEV NiMH battery in different SOC and different charging current is analyzed. Considering the working situation of HEV NiMH battery and the theory of battery quick charging, a control strategy for NiMH battery quick charging is described which adapts to HEV regenerative braking system based on Mascc law. By Modeling and simulating the process of NiMH battery quick charging with this strategy, constant voltage charge method and constant current charge method, validates this control strategy.     

我国马铃薯速冻薯条加工产业发展现状及建议

针对马铃薯速冻薯条市场规模、生产产能、加工工艺研究及加工装备开发等现状,该文进行了充分的调研和综合分析。结果表明,国内速冻薯条市场需求逐年增加,呈现消费方式多样化、消费场景多元化的特点;速冻薯条生产企业两极分化严重,中等规模(3～5t/h产能)生产线自主配套能力相对空白。指出国产速冻薯条加工存在问题,提出了注重工艺研究、加强核心技术装备开发和完善成套生产线配套能力的发展建议。     

温室甲鱼养殖生石灰的合理使用

生石灰是水产养殖的一种常规药物,非常普遍的用在水质消毒,疾病防治中,许多水产养殖用户也把生石灰作为一种常用的水质改良剂,但在甲鱼的养殖中,要根据情况酌情使用,否则,会出现pH值过高从而导致有毒气体的产生,造成甲鱼中毒的病况。本文介绍了温室甲鱼养殖中生石灰使用不当引起的病况,并提出了相应解救措施。实验中采用了生石灰日常消毒常用的浓度和间隔日期,伴随着pH值与氨氮的浓度升高,甲鱼出现了死亡现象,在解除了生石灰的使用后,甲鱼停止了死亡现象。     

Availability of Cadmium in some Phosphorus Fertilizers to Field-Grown Lettuce

Although evaluations of the availability of cadmium (Cd) contaminants in phosphate fertilizers have been made, few have examined the transfer efficiency of Cd from fertilizers to plants, especially under field conditions. This 2-year field study determined the transfer of added Cd to lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) (Royal Green) from a western phosphate rock (PR) and a triple superphosphate (TSP) as affected by liming and rate of fertilizer (or Cd) input. A readily soluble Cd salt, CdCl₂, was included in the study for comparison. The cumulative amounts of Cd added from the fertilizers and CdCl₂ over the 2-year period ranged from 0 to 1440 g ha^–1. Lettuce yield increased with increasing TSP rates, but was unaffected by PR. Significant (P < 0.01) effects of Cd source and rate, lime, and year were found on Cd accumulation by lettuce. The transfer of the added Cd was consistently higher for CdCl₂ than for the fertilizers regardless of lime rate. A contrasting year effect was also found between the two P fertilizers. In the second year of application, the Cd transfer efficiency increased in the soil treated with the PR, but decreased in the soil treated with the TSP. The Cd transfer efficiency for the plant was better measured with DTPA–Cd (r ²= 0.78 – 0.80) or CaCl₂–Cd (r ²= 0.57 – 0.76) than with soil total Cd (r ²= 0.39 to 0.54) across all Cd sources and lime rates. This is because DTPA–Cd or CaCl₂–Cd reflected the influences of the amount of Cd added, Cd source, and lime rate on Cd accumulation by the plant better than did the soil total Cd. Of the amount of Cd added from the fertilizers an average of 1.0% or less was accumulated in the harvested lettuce tissue. Applications of the fertilizers at high rates could result in increased Cd accumulation in the soil over time.     

RAPD技术鉴定3种鲮的研究

以池塘养殖的鲮、麦鲮各１２尾为材料,提取血液基因组ＤＮＡ,利用１０ｂｐ随机引物进行ＰＣＲ扩增,通过缩短扩增反映时间和电泳时间,快速鉴定３种不同的鲮值,建立了一套ＤＮＡ分子水平上的快速鉴定鱼种的方法。     

鲜食玉米速冻加工研究进展

主要阐述了鲜食玉米速冻加工的历史、现状及存在的问题 ,并对鲜食玉米乳熟期各主要营养成分的变化作了系统说明 ,最后阐明了影响鲜食玉米速冻加工品质的主要因素     

Effects of Farm Yard Manure and Lime on Cadmium Uptake by Rice Grown in Two Contaminated Soils of Chittagong

A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of farm yard manure （FYM） and lime （calcium carbonate） on reducing the uptake of Cd by rice in two Cd contaminated soils of Chittagong. The effects of farm yard manure, lime and farm yard manure mixed with lime （FYM ＋ Lime） on rice （Oryza sativa L.） growth, Cd uptake by rice and 0.1 N HC1 extractable Cd in soil were investigated. Results showed that addition of lime and farm yard manure mixed with lime significantly decreased 0.1 N HCl extractable Cd in the city sewage soil. Application of farm yard manure significantly decreased Cd concentration in rice in the city sewage soil. Lime and farm yard manure mixed with lime significantly reduced Cd concentration in rice m both the contaminated soils. Lime was more efficient than farm yard manure in reducing the uptake of Cd by rice.     

快速小量提取小麦叶片DNA的一种简易方法

[目的]寻求少量、快速提取小麦幼叶DNA的方法。[方法]以小麦幼叶为试验材料,用改良的CTAB法小量快速提取转基因小麦总DNA。所提取的DNA以0．8％琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测。[结果]改良的CTAB法提取小麦基因组DNA所提取的DNA纯度高、无降解现象,适用于进行常规PCR扩增。[结论]该研究为小麦DNA的提取提供了一种所需材料量少、简便、快速的方法。