The effect of stocking size on the first winter survival of whitefish, Coregonus lavaretus (L.), in the Gulf of Bothnia, Baltic Sea

The anadromous whitefish, Coregonus lavaretus (L.), is the most numerous fish species stocked in the Gulf of Bothnia, Baltic Sea. One-summer-old-whitefish fingerlings are mostly 8–10 cm long when released annually in September–October, whereas the wild whitefish are 10–12 cm at that time. About 6 million, one-summer-old, spray-marked, whitefish were released in the northern and central parts of the Gulf in 1995–1998. To study the effect of the stocking length on the survival of the marked fish, the length of the recaptured whitefish as 1-year-olds was back-calculated. Altogether 1106 whitefish recaptured in the Gulf of Bothnia were analysed. The back-calculated length was slightly greater than the stocking length but not as large as the length of the wild fish. In the central part of the Gulf of Bothnia, where the mean stocking length was more than 10 cm, the back-calculated length was 10.5–11.1 cm. In the northern part of the Gulf the mean stocking length varied between 8.8 and 10.0 cm annually, and the corresponding back-calculated mean lengths were 9.3–9.7 cm. It also seemed that bigger fingerlings started their feeding migration earlier or they migrated faster than the smaller ones to the southern parts of the Gulf of Bothnia.     

丽江猪屠宰、胴体组成及肉质特性研究

丽江猪是近年在云南丽江新发现的猪种遗传资源,笔者对丽江猪的体型外貌、体尺、胴体组成及肉质性状等种质特性进行测定。结果：丽江猪公、母猪体重分别为（60.71±4.93） kg和（54.11±12.88） kg,体高分别为（65.72±6.11） cm和（64.66±6.10） cm,体长分别为（105.64±9.61） cm和（102.18±10.51） cm,眼肌面积分别为（24.13±6.08） cm2和（23.62±6.16） cm2,瘦肉率分别为（40.09±3.17）%和（41.71±5.05）%,失水率（19.50±5.03）%,粗脂肪（15.71±4.68）%,pH（6.18±0.13）,大理石纹（3.6±0.57）。丽江猪肉质各项指标均符合优质肉范畴,属于肉脂兼用型猪种,且含有丰富的脂肪酸,具有较高食用价值。     

水-甘油通道蛋白基因与体脂代谢相关性研究进展

水-甘油通道蛋白在机体内各器官组织广泛表达,对维持机体多个器官系统的正常生理功能,甘油运输的调节,体内脂肪物质代谢具有重要的生理意义。本文对水-甘油通道蛋白基因的结构特点、在甘油运输和脂肪代谢中的重要作用以及基因遗传多态性与体脂性状相关性的研究进展进行综述。     

饵料类型对岱衢族大黄鱼鱼体和肌肉营养成分、体色、肉色的影响

岱衢族大黄鱼为我国优质大黄鱼养殖群体,养殖中所投喂的饵料往往影响着鱼体和肌肉营养成分、体色和肉色,这些均为衡量岱衢族大黄鱼品质的重要指标.本试验旨在通过测定岱衢族大黄鱼鱼体和肌肉营养成分、体色和肉色指标,研究投喂鲜杂鱼和配合饲料对岱衢族大黄鱼品质的影响.试验设置2组,分别投喂鲜杂鱼和配合饲料22个月,采样后所测鱼体和肌肉营养成分指标包括干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分和氨基酸含量,体色和肉色指标包括L、a、b值.结果表明:与投喂鲜杂鱼相比,投喂配合饲料显著降低了岱衢族大黄鱼全鱼的粗脂肪含量(P＜0.05),但显著提高了肌肉的粗脂肪、亮氨酸(Leu)、赖氨酸(Lys)、谷氨酸(Glu)、总必需氨基酸、总呈味氨基酸和总氨基酸含量(P＜0.05);饵料类型对岱衢族大黄鱼的体色和肉色无显著影响(P＞0.05),但岱衢族大黄鱼体表不同部位颜色存在显著差异(P＜0.05),与背部相比,腹部的颜色较亮,且偏红黄.由此得出,相较于鲜杂鱼,采用配合饲料养成的岱衢族大黄鱼肌肉具有更高的营养价值.     

饲粮能量水平对42 d繁殖模式下獭兔繁殖性能、体重变化及血清生化指标的影响

本试验旨在探讨饲粮能量水平对42 d繁殖模式下獭兔繁殖性能、体重变化及血清生化指标的影响.试验选用平均体重为(3.56±0.17) kg的经产獭兔150只,随机分成3组,每组50个重复,每个重复1只.采用42 d繁殖模式,分别饲喂消化能水平为9.2、9.7和10.2 MJ/kg的试验饲粮.试验连续进行3胎.结果表明:1)饲粮能量水平极显著影响母兔泌乳力(P=0.0062)、第1胎产后体重(P=0.002 1)和仔兔断奶窝重(P=0.000 6);显著影响第1胎(P=0.047 5)和第3胎(P=0.030 2)母兔泌乳期第21天体重.2)饲粮能量水平极显著影响血清肌酸激酶(P=0.001 5)活性和甘油三酯(P=0.001 3)含量,显著影响高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(P=0.036 8)、总胆固醇(P=0.047 6)和胰岛素含量(P=0.015 9),对其他血清生化指标无显著影响(P＞0.05).由此可见,42 d繁殖模式下獭兔适宜饲粮消化能水平为10.2 MJ/kg.     

不同断奶日龄对奶公犊生长性能和体尺指标的影响

30头新生荷斯坦奶公犊出生日期和体重相近,随机分成6组,对照组按常规饲喂鲜牛奶,60日龄断奶;各试验组分别于10、20、30、40和50日龄断奶,试验期为60d。结果表明:试验结束时,20日龄断奶组、30日龄断奶组的体重、平均日增重均显著高于对照组,40日龄断奶组、50日龄断奶组与对照组间无明显差异;各试验组犊牛与对照组在体长和体斜长上无显著差异。     

太阳系天体相对地球某点的波动式螺线运动(Ⅱ)——太阳系七大行星相对地球某点的螺线运动方程推导及模拟分析

为研究太阳系天体相对地球某点的运动规律,在太阳系天体相对地球某点的波动式螺线运动(I)中推导出太阳和月球对地球赤道某点和纬度某点的波动式螺线运动轨迹方程,并进行了计算机模拟与分析的基础上,推导出太阳系七大行星对地球赤道某点和纬度某点的波动式螺线运动轨迹方程,并分别进行了计算机模拟与分析.结果表明,太阳系七大行星相对于地球某点的运动轨迹为与幅值与角度相关的波动式螺线,向x轴方向等速传播,并且在两种坐标轴下的运动规律与太阳、月亮类似.并且:1在双波动坐标轴下分析,水星运动轨迹在yz平面上的投影出现重波;2金星运动轨迹在yz平面上的投影疏密度与其余星球相反;3在波动-螺面坐标轴下分析,天王星和海王星螺线与太阳的最相近.     

不同接种期对香菇L-808栽培的影响

为了探究适宜香菇L-808秋栽的最佳接种期,开展了不同接种期对香菇L-808栽培的影响试验。结果表明,丽水市9月上旬接种比较适宜,子实体产量最高,不同接种期处理对香菇子实体商品性状的影响不是很大。     

Increased ectopic fat cells in the longitudinal muscularis layer of the oviduct isthmus in obese Japanese Black cows

In obese humans, mesenchymal stem cells differentiate to become ectopic fat cells in muscles. These ectopic fat cells inhibit the contraction of vascular smooth muscles. Stem cells have been recently identified in the human oviduct, a structure important in reproduction. We therefore investigated the number of Oil Red O (ORO)‐positive cells in the oviducts of control Japanese Black cows (n = 6; body condition score [BCS], 3.0 on a 5‐point scale) compared to those with diet‐induced obesity (n = 5; BCS, 4.0). We stained the ampulla and isthmus collected on the second day after ovulation with ORO and then counted the positive cells in each layer in 10 cross‐sections of the ampulla or isthmus. The obese group (23.4 ± 3.4 in the 10 sections) had larger numbers of ORO‐positive cells in the longitudinal muscularis of the isthmus (P < 0.05) than did the control group (15.0 ± 2.4). ORO‐positive cells were also observed in all other layers of the isthmus and ampulla; however, the number of cells in these layers did not differ significantly between obese cows and controls. Whether this observed increase in ORO‐positive cells in the oviducts of obese cows affects their reproduction warrants further study.