Experiment And Study On Microstructure of Superfine- sand High Strength Concretes

A high strength concrete with 28 day strength up to 80 MPa from superfine sand with fineness modulus of 0.56 is obtained.It has a permeability resistance of 4.0 MPa and small shrinkage creep.Experiment and study were carried out on its pore structure,hydration products and microhardness of transient area in cement paste and aggregate interface. The essence for high strength of such concrete was revealed.     

Study on Consolidation of Reinforced Soft Foundationwith Two-way Drainage of Sand Well

Based on traditional consolidation theory, the soft ground settlement is calculated and one-, two-, and three-dimensional consolidation of reinforced soft foundation with sand drain is studied. The calculation method of average sand drain and the new modified method are discussed. The results can serve as a guide to subgrade design of soft ground.     

Study on the Materials Used for Making Models of Sodium Silicate Bonded Sand Core Heating by Microwave Energy

The properties of the materials used for making models of sodium silicate bonded sand core curing by microwave energy are suggested. The absorbency and penetrability for microwave energy of polymer and ceramics are measured and analyzed. Polymer and ceramics can be used for making models of sodium silicate bonded sand cores curing by microwave energy. The merits of polymer are its high strain, good tenacity and easy making. The merits of ceramics are its excellent heat-proof and abrasion-proof.     

黄土高原地区水土保持减水减沙效

水土流失是西北黄土高原地区生产和生活环境不断遭受破坏的重要原因，严重的水土流失不但危害着该区的生态环境，而且大量入黄泥沙进入下游，导致河床不断抬高，给下游防洪及农业生产造成危害。近年来，众多水土保持工作者进行了大量的探索、研究与实践，提出许多水土保持模式，探讨了评价水土保持模式减水减沙效益计算的水文法，SCS模型法以及水保法，并对三种方法就同一实例进行计算和对比分析，给出合理性建议。     

雨水集流工程中沉沙净化设施的配套修建

受国家“九五”科技攻关项目“节水农业技术研究与示范”资助 ,首次实地对雨水集流工程中的沉沙净化设施—沉沙池、过滤池的工作原理及设计思路等进行研究并附以实例加以证实 ,必将有助于雨水集流工程的发展。     

Symbiotic performance of fast-growing rhizobia isolated from the coastal sand dune legumes of west coast of India

The symbiotic efficiency of coastal sand dune rhizobial isolates on four cultivated legumes, cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), green gram (Vigna radiata), black gram (Vigna mungo) and horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum), was assessed. Among the isolates of Someshwara (S1–S5), inoculation of S5 resulted in the highest increase of shoot biomass in cowpea (control vs experimental, 1:6), while inoculation of P1 among the Padubidri isolates (P1–P5) induced the highest shoot biomass in cowpea (1:14.4). Inoculation of the isolate P2 induced higher shoot biomass against uninoculated controls of horse gram (12.6:1), green gram (11.2:1) and black gram (6.1:1). One-way ANOVA revealed significant difference in the shoot biomass between uninoculated and inoculated cowpea plants with ten rhizobial isolates (P <0.05). Cultivation of surface-sterilized green gram seeds on unsterilized dune sand resulted in profuse flowering as well as nodules within 6 weeks indicating possibilities for isolating efficient rhizobial strains through cultivating edible legumes on coastal sand dune soils.     

毛乌素沙地3种主要植物群落的阻沙效益

[目的]对毛乌素沙地天然沙蒿、沙柳和锦鸡儿这3种主要植物群落的阻沙效益进行分析,为毛乌素沙地沙漠化防治及生态建设提供理论依据。[方法]通过测定标杆风蚀沙埋程度,分析各植物群落的风蚀量与阻沙量,从而对其阻沙效益进行比较分析。[结果](1)植被盖度越大,各植物群落的防风阻沙效果越明显;(2)地形条件相似,风速相同的情况下,3种植物群落在风蚀季节的临界防风蚀盖度不同。沙蒿群落的临界防风蚀盖度最小,约为60%,沙柳群落与锦鸡儿群落的临界防风蚀盖度相对较大,均大于60%,但锦鸡儿群落相对沙柳群落的临界防风蚀盖度小;(3)相同盖度下,3种植物群落的风蚀量与阻沙量之和大小顺序为:沙柳锦鸡儿沙蒿。[结论]在毛乌素沙地固定、半固定沙地上,沙蒿群落的防风阻沙效益突出,可作为主要固沙植物进行推广。     

Nitrate leaching as influenced by soil tillage and catch crop

Because of public and political concern for the quality of surface and ground water, leaching of nitrate is of special concern in many countries. To evaluate the effects of tillage and growth of a catch crop on nitrate leaching, two field trials were conducted in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under temperate coastal climate conditions. On a coarse sand (1987–1992), ploughing in autumn or in spring in combination with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) as a catch crop was evaluated. Furthermore, rotovating and direct drilling were included. The experiment was conducted on a 19-year-old field trial with continuous production of spring barley. On a sandy loam (1988–1992), ploughing in autumn or in spring in combination with stubble cultivation and perennial ryegrass, in addition to minimum tillage, was evaluated in a newly established field trial. For calculation of nitrate leaching, soil water isolates from depths of 0.8 or 1.0 m were taken using ceramic cups. No significant effect of tillage was found on the coarse sand; however, a significant effect of tillage was found on the sandy loam, where leaching from autumn ploughed plots without stubble cultivation was 16 kg N ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ higher than leaching from spring ploughed plots. Leaching was significantly less when stubble cultivation in autumn was omitted. Leaching on both soil types was significantly reduced by the growth of a catch crop which was ploughed under in autumn or in spring. It was concluded that soil cultivation increased leaching on the sandy loam but not on the coarse sand, and that the growth of perennial ryegrass as a catch crop reduced leaching on both soil types, particularly when ryegrass was ploughed under in spring.     

拉萨河下游河谷区风沙源综合整治

在深入分析本区自然社会经济条件和风沙源分布特征基础上,提出把拉萨河下游河道疏浚与风沙源治理相结合,以河道疏浚、农田防护林、乔灌草防风护沙林和流沙固定等物理工程、生物和机械措施为主体,进行风沙源综合整治,一方面可有效控制风沙灾害的威胁,改善河谷区生态环境,同时为拉萨市城市空间发展和当地资源的有效利用奠定了基础,体现了在高寒河谷区进行风沙源综合整治的可持续性思路。     

浑善达克沙地沙漠化成因及其综合防治

浑善达克沙地是我国的4大沙地之一,也是气候变化及人类活动影响较为敏感的地区之一。20世纪60年代以后,该沙地发生了严重的沙漠化,不仅恶化了当地的生态环境,制约了区域经济的发展,而且成为京津地区最主要的沙尘源之一,对京津、华北等周边地区人民的生产、生活和生态安全构成了愈来愈严重的威胁。在搜集资料、进行野外考察和调查的基础上,着重分析了造成本区沙漠化发生发展的各种因素,并结合当地实际提出沙漠化防治的基本措施和对策。