双毛细管柱气相色谱法测定水样中多种有机磷农药残留量

水样中19种有机磷农药残留经乙腈萃取,采用双毛细管柱、双火焰光度检测器进行测定。测定结果19种有机磷农药回收率为66.32%~117.2%,相对标准偏差为1.50%~15.89%,检出限0.06~0.30μg.L-1。     

用臭氧降解蔬菜中的残留农药

以HPLC和GC MS为检测手段 ,对臭氧降解大白菜中农药残留进行了研究。结果表明 ,用臭氧处理时间愈长 ,大白菜中农药愈易降解 ,处理 30min后 ,久效磷、甲基对硫磷、乐果及灭多威的降解率均超过 5 0 %。     

食品中农药残留分析方法的研究进展

由于农药残留引发的食品中毒事件时有发生,食品安全已受到人们的广泛关注和重视。因此,加强对农药残留分析方法的研究和加大对农药残留的检测力度非常重要。对近年来食品中农药残留分析的样品处理和检测方法进行了较为全面的概述,提出了农药残留分析的发展趋势。     

厦门市蔬菜农药残留现状及对策

对2006-2009年厦门市蔬菜农药残留现状进行研究,分析不同年份、不同抽样地点、不同蔬菜品种农残检测合格率,探讨蔬菜农残超标原因及相关对策。     

天然化合物在农药中的应用研究

文章综述了国内外微生物、藻类、植物以及动物源的天然代谢化合物在杀虫剂、除草剂以及植物生长调节剂等农药中的研究和应用成果。     

共振光散射法对蔬菜中六种拟除虫菊酯类农药残留的测定

在p H7.0的Britton-Robinson缓冲液和适量丙酮存在条件下,以吐温-80为稳定剂,高效氯氟氰菊酯、氯菊酯、甲氰菊酯、联苯菊酯、氰戊菊酯和氯氰菊酯可使体系共振光散射强度显著增强。在最大散射波长363 nm处有良好线性关系,其检出限为0.069~0.113μg/m L。蔬菜样品经乙腈超声提取,弗罗里硅土固相萃取柱净化后,在0.5和1.0 mg/kg添加水平下,各农药的回收率在86.7%~98.0%,相对标准偏差小于6.35%,结果令人满意,据此建立了检测拟除虫菊酯类农药残留量快速、灵敏的新方法。     

不同药剂防治烟草黑胫病效果研究

为筛选出有效防治烟草黑胫病的药剂,指导烟草生产,研究不同药剂对烟草黑胫病的防治效果。结果表明:含活芽孢1 000亿个/g枯草芽孢杆菌B10可湿性粉剂、80%烯酰吗啉可湿性粉剂和51%霜霉·乙酸铜可溶液剂对烟草黑胫病的防效较好,在62%~67%之间,与对照药剂58%甲霜灵锰锌可湿性粉剂防效相当甚至优于对照药剂。含孢子100万个/g寡雄腐霉可湿性粉剂对烟草黑胫病的防效在54%~59%之间,低于对照药剂。     

Ace and ace-like genes of invasive redlegged earth mite: copy number variation,target-site mutations,and their associations with organophosphate insensitivity

Background

Invasive Australian populations of redlegged earth mite, Halotydeus destructor (Tucker), are evolving increasing organophosphate resistance. In addition to the canonical ace gene, the target gene of organophosphates, the H. destructor genome contains many radiated ace-like genes that vary in copy number and amino acid sequence. In this work, we characterise copy number and target-site mutation variation at the canonical ace and ace-like genes and test for potential associations with organophosphate insensitivity. This was achieved through comparisons of whole-genome pool-seq data from alive and dead mites following organophosphate exposure.

Results

A combination of increased copy number and target-site mutations at the canonical ace was associated with organophosphate insensitivity in H. destructor. Resistant populations were segregating for G119S, A201S, F331Y at the canonical ace. A subset of populations also had copy numbers of canonical ace > 2, which potentially helps overexpress proteins carrying these target-site mutations. Haplotypes possessing different copy numbers and target-site mutations of the canonical ace gene may be under selection across H. destructor populations. We also detected some evidence that increases in copy number of radiated ace-like genes are associated with organophosphate insensitivity, which might suggest potential roles in sequestration or breakdown of organophosphates.

Conclusion

Different combinations of target-site mutations and (or) copy number variation in the canonical ace and ace-like genes may provide non-convergent ways for H. destructor to respond to organophosphate selection. However, these changes may only play a partial role in organophosphate insensitivity, which appears to have a polygenic architecture. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.     

植保机变量施药鲁棒H∞最优控制

提出了一种基于电控伺服变量柱塞泵的植保机变量施药控制方法,推导并建立了包含参数不确定性和扰动的施药流量模型,设计了鲁棒H∞最优控制器并证明其鲁棒稳定性,并转化为线性矩阵不等式求解控制器参数。本研究弥补了传统优化控制方法对于不确定性反应较为敏感的不足,与传统的线性二次型最优控制相比具有一定的快速性和鲁棒性优势,能够满足复杂作业条件下植保机精准变量施药要求,有效提高了农药利用率。     

禽蛋中农药残留检测方法研究进展

禽蛋是人类获取动物蛋白的重要来源之一,禽蛋中残留的农药导致食品安全隐患,威胁人类健康,因此迫切需要建立有效的检测方法,为禽蛋产品的质量安全提供技术保障.文章综述了近十年来国内外文献报道及我国国家标准中规定的禽蛋样品农药残留的前处理方法和分析检测方法,为进一步研究建立简便高效的分析检测新方法、新技术提供参考.