Improving productivity of Bauhinia purpurea for tree planting farmers in Nepal

Shortage of fodder is a major constraint to livestock production in Nepal. The genetic variation in canopy biomass production of Bauhinia purpurea L, a very important fodder species in Nepal, was estimated in a Breeding Seed Orchard in order to examine the potential of simple, low input breeding. Substantial genetic variation could be observed suggesting that low input breeding based on simple phenotypic selection can provide biomass gain in the order of 2–5% per year. Very high correlation was observed between stem diameter (cross section area) and total biomass, making farmer based selection relevant. Jointly, these results suggest that low input domestication is a promising option for improving fodder production in Nepal and thereby help to improve rural livelihood and development. A multiple population approach is recommended.     

青海巴滩地区紫花针茅草原群落种间联结研究

种间联结能够反映群落中物种之间的交互作用,在群落结构功能研究中占有重要位置.在1 m×1 m样方尺度上研究了紫花针茅Stipa purpurea草原群落中出现频率较高的14个物种之间的交互联结性.结果表明紫花针茅草原群落总体种间关联性为负相关,种对间没有显著相关性.群落尚处在演替初期阶段,或群落受到外界严重干扰.群落中的物种间不可能形成一种稳定、协调的搭配关系和对环境资源的最佳利用状态,群落中植物种对间搭配关系表现出偶然性和随机性.     

紫锥菊多糖对 IEC-6细胞增殖的影响

[目的]研究紫锥菊多糖对大鼠小肠上皮细胞株 IEC-6细胞增殖的影响。[方法]以IEC-6细胞为研究对象,采用 MTT方法检测细胞增殖率,观察紫锥菊多糖对该细胞增殖的影响。[结果]紫锥菊不同剂量与不同的培养时间对 IEC-6细胞的生长均有促进作用,但是随着处理时间的延长,不同浓度的促增殖效果也不尽相同,表现为在浓度为50、200μg/ml 时增殖率随着处理时间的延长先增加后逐渐减弱,但在培养24 h后表现显著促增殖作用;浓度100μg/ml 在72 h、浓度500μg/ml 在48 h表现明显促增殖作用;经48 h处理的EPS其增殖率随浓度提高而增强。[结论]紫锥菊多糖具有促进 IEC-6细胞增殖的作用,通过对小肠上皮细胞增殖的影响而发挥对肠道黏膜吸收和免疫功能的调整作用。     

尾叶桉等植物茎提取液对绿豆等植物插条发根和种子萌发的影响

试验表明，尾叶桉茎提取液对绿豆插条生根率、生根量和根长度分别抑制１７０９％、１３４７％和５０２１％；对豌豆插条生根率、生根量和根长度分别抑制１３８４％、２１３７％和１５４１％；对芥兰头种子萌发率抑制６１４２％。落地生根茎提取液对绿豆插条发根量提高２６２６％，但抑制其根长度３２６６％；对豌豆插条发根率、发根量和根长度分别抑制７３５９％、５９６８％和８７８３％；分别抑制江南头菜和芥兰头种子萌发率１５３０％和８３４３％。紫竹梅和水竹草茎提取液对植物茎插条发根和种子萌发也有不同程度的促进或抑制     

不同紫锥菊提取物对肉仔鸡免疫功能影响

研究不同紫锥菊提取物对肉仔鸡免疫功能的影响。将270只1日龄肉仔鸡分为9组,通过测定肉仔鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数、血液生化指标、新城疫抗体滴度以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性和丙二醛(MDA)的含量,探讨不同紫锥菊提取物对肉仔鸡体液免疫、细胞免疫和抗氧化能力的影响。结果显示,日粮中添加进口和康地恩紫锥菊提取物能够显著增加肉仔鸡的平均日增重,降低料重比,提高胸腺和法氏囊指数,并且能够显著改变肉仔鸡的白细胞数、红细胞数及红细胞压积,提高机体的抗氧化能力和新城疫抗体效价,优于万适宁、转移因子和紫锥疫毒清组;紫锥菊提取物组的作用效果均明显优于环磷酰胺组和环磷酰胺+康地恩紫锥菊提取物组,且环磷酰胺+康地恩紫锥菊提取物组的作用比环磷酰胺组好。表明紫锥菊提取物均能够显著增强肉仔鸡的免疫功能,康地恩紫锥菊提取物的总体免疫调节效果与进口紫锥菊提取物的效果一致,均优于国产紫锥菊提取物、万适宁、转移因子和紫锥疫毒清,并且康地恩紫锥菊提取物能够提高由于环磷酰胺引起的免疫水平下降。     

紫锥菊提取物对大鼠湿热泄泻的疗效及其机制

本研究通过建立大鼠湿热泄泻模型,探讨紫锥菊提取物(EPE)对湿热泄泻大鼠的疗效,为紫锥菊提取物防治湿热泄泻提供科学依据。采用“内外湿热+大肠杆菌”建立大鼠湿热泄泻,分别给予1、3g·kg^-1剂量EPE治疗,采用临床症状评分评价疾病模型,测定各组大鼠血常规、血生化、血清炎性因子、脏器指数与结肠相关基因表达水平,并对大鼠器官进行病理组织学观察。结果表明,造模后大鼠被毛蓬松、精神萎靡,扎堆,懒动,眼周出现分泌物,大便溏泄,色黄恶臭,肛周污秽。给药6d后,高、低剂量EPE组与阳性药物组大鼠精神、饮食及临床表现均恢复正常。与空白组相比,模型组大鼠的心、脾、肺指数显著上升(P＜0.05),血液中红细胞数(RBC)、血红蛋白浓度(HGB)、红细胞压积(HCT)显著降低(P＜0.05);血清中尿素、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)水平显著降低(P＜0.05),IL-6、IL-17、IL-23水平显著上升(P＜0.05),TGF-β、IL-2、IL-10水平显著下降(P＜0.05);结肠TGF-β1与Foxp3 mRNA表达量显著下降(P＜0.05),RORγt mRNA表达显著上升(P＜0.05);心出现大面积出血瘀血,肝水肿,脾水肿及陈旧性出血,肾出现炎性细胞增生与蛋白尿的沉积。与模型组相比,高、低剂量EPE组的心指数、脾指数、肺指数显著降低(P＜0.05),血液HCT显著升高(P＜0.05),血清尿素、总胆固醇(TC)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)水平显著升高(P＜0.05),血清IL-17、IL-23水平显著下降(P＜0.05),TGF-β水平显著上升(P＜0.05);结肠TGF-β1与Foxp3 mRNA表达显著上升(P＜0.05),RORγt mRNA表达显著下降(P＜0.05)。高、低剂量EPE组的脏器细胞损伤有所恢复。紫锥菊提取物能通过降低血脂、调节血清炎性因子水平及改善脏器功能以缓解大鼠湿热泄泻。     

不同表型紫锥菊的形态学标记研究

测量不同表型紫锥菊样品的形态学性状数据,并进行相关系数计算和聚类分析。结果表明,不同样品在诸多数量性状和假质量性状上存在差异;部分形态学性状之间存在一定的相关性;相同生境下生长的紫锥菊样品聚为一个大类。     

苏州太湖流域2种针阔混交林林分空间结构特征比较

选取太湖流域2种具有代表性的针阔混交林,应用传统林分结构因子配合混交度、角尺度、大小比数和开敞度4个参数进行比较,分析冬青湿地松混交林和栎树湿地松混交林的林分基本特征、空间结构和演替趋势。结果表明,冬青湿地松林的物种丰富度相对较高;对空间结构各参数进行比较,冬青湿地松林空间结构优于栎树湿地松林,林分处于相对稳定状态。其中在冬青湿地松林中,山矾、冬青可能会发展成为优势树种;在栎树混交林中,麻栎和栓皮栎的生长空间受限制,演替过程中优势度会有所下降,短柄粃和构树可能成为优势种。     

Dietary Echinacea purpurea administration enhanced egg laying performance,serum lipid profile,antioxidant status and semen quality in duck breeders during summer season

This work investigated the outcomes of dietary administration of Echinacea purpurea (EP) powder to breeder ducks on productive and reproductive performance during summer season. Sudani ducks (320 birds) of 32-weeks-old (240 females and 80 males) were randomly allocated into four collections (body weight; 1850 ± 15.2 g for females and 2960.0 ± 40.5 g for males). The primary collection consumed the basal diet without supplementation and was deliberated as control. The other three collections were fed the basal diet supplemented with 2.5, 5.00 and 7.5 g EP/kg diet, correspondingly. Egg number and mass, laying rate, feed consumption and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were significantly changed by dietary EP levels. Drakes fed EP-supplemented diets had higher ejaculate volume, sperms concentration and live sperms (%) as well as lower dead sperms (%) than the control group. Eggs laid by ducks fed diet supplemented with 2.5 g/kg had the greatest fertility and hatchability percentages, followed by those fed 5.0 g EP/kg. Ducks fed different EP diets had higher values of haemoglobin, RBCs, WBCs and lymphocytes, lower values of heterophils percentage and lower H/L ratio than the control. All serum constituents were significantly changed by dietary EP supplementation, except of total protein and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) enzyme. Conclusively, dietary EP supplementation at 2.5 g/kg had beneficial effects on productive and reproductive performance as well as lipid profile and antioxidant status and economically valued in breeder ducks under summer conditions.