乳腺癌术前灌注化疗与肿瘤供血的研究

本文对６例乳腺癌的肿瘤血供研究发现主要供血动脉是胸廓外侧动脉，而非肩胛下动脉和胸廓内动脉。提出行动脉灌注化疗时，不宜只行胸廓内动脉灌注，而应扩大范围，包括上述三支动脉。同时对６例乳腺癌术前灌注化疗的效果作了观察。     

新疆细毛羊肾动脉分支探讨

本研究以过氯乙烯血管铸型法和大体解剖法研究肾动脉在肾内的分支。新疆细毛羊肾属表面平滑的单乳头肾,在肾的正中额面上髓质合成一肾总乳头,但在两侧额面上肾锥体是分开的,每侧的肾锥体一般为7个。肾动脉由肾门入肾,经过2～4级分支,到相邻锥体之间为叶间动脉,每侧一般有叶间动脉8条。分其支类型有背腹型、前后型、三支型等。     

清热中药对大鼠肺及其微血管内皮细胞磷酸二酯酶活性的影响

采用组织贴块法培养分离大鼠肺微血管内皮细胞(PMVEC),以高效液相色谱(HPLC)检测环核苷酸(cAMP)在酶反应前后磷酸二酯酶(PDE)的变化计算PDE活性,并分析药物对其影响,为研究PMVEC特异性PDE抑制剂和清热药作用机理积累资料。结果显示:分离培养经CD31鉴定的PMVEC,其酶量在5~20μL范围内与PDE活性存在良好的线性关系(r=0.9929);17味入肺经清热药均对肺组织cAMP-PDE酶活性有不同程度的抑制作用,其中黄芩、黄药子、青蒿抑制率较高,对肺组织酶分别为:75.37%,72%,61.26%,对PMVEC分别为:66.1%,63.54%,59.39%,结果提示以cAMP-PDE活性为指标,有望筛选出其特异性PDE抑制剂,并揭示入肺经清热药的作用机制。     

添加呋喃苯胺酸对低温诱导肉鸡肺动脉高压综合征的发病率及肺血管重构的影响

240羽肉鸡于14日龄时随机分为常温对照组（A）、低温对照组（B）和低温呋喃苯胺酸添加组（C）。分别于14、23、30、37、44日龄从各组随机抽取10羽肉鸡采血和扑杀，测定肺血管管壁面积与管总面积之比（WA／TA）、平均中膜厚度（mMTPA）等各项指标。观察在低温环境下呋哺苯胺酸对肉鸡肺动脉高压综合征（PHS）的防治效果及其对肉鸡肺血管重构的影响。试验结果显示，与A组相比，B组PHS发病率升高，右心全心比（RV／TV）、红细胞压积（PCV）和反映血管重构指标的WA／TA和mMTPA值显著升高（P〈0．05）；而C组与B组相比，PHS发病率降低，RV／TV、WA／TA和mMTPA值均降低，并在44日龄差异显著（P〈0．05），PCV值升高但无显著差异，体质量显著降低。提示：降低肺动脉压，抑制以肺动脉壁肥厚为特征的血管重构可能是呋喃苯胺酸有效降低低温所致PHS发病率的原因之一。     

40 ℃持续热应激对肉鸡股动脉压的影响

研究40 ℃持续热应激对肉鸡动脉压的影响,探讨肉鸡热应激发生发展规律.将60只25日龄商品代雄性AA肉鸡随机分为对照组(21～24 ℃,相对湿度(50±5)%)和试验组((40±0.5)℃,相对湿度(70±5)%),分组后自由采食和饮水,对肉鸡的股动脉压进行动态检测.结果显示热暴露使肉鸡平均股动脉压((16.66±0.47),(10.81±1.59) kPa)、股动脉收缩压((18.61±0.48),(12.00±1.49) kPa)和股动脉舒张压((15.68±0.47),(10.21±1.66)kPa)极显著下降(P<0.01);热暴露10 h时使股动脉收缩压最大变化速率((51.36±20.27),(32.72±4.85) kPa·s-1)显著下降(P<0.05);热暴露后2和5 h使股动脉舒张压最大变化速率((54.97±25.91),(31.88±5.49)和(53.49±22.94),(31.92±5.56) kPa·s-1)显著下降(P<0.05);热暴露后10 h股动脉舒张压最大变化速率((58.65±18.49),(18.09±4.66) kPa·s-1)极显著下降(P<0.01).平均股动脉压与呼吸频率、体温极显著负相关(r=-0.623,r=-0.642;P<0.01).结果表明,40 ℃持续热暴露,使肉鸡的股动脉压极显著下降;股动脉压短时间内极显著下降可能为肉鸡死亡的主要原因之一.     

Effects of Rho kinase on p-Smad1 nuclear translocation in rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells

AIM: To explore the mechanism of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and Rho kinase signal pathways on the proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. METHODS: Pulmonary smooth muscle cells were isolated from the rat distal pulmonary artery and cultured. BMP and Rho kinase pathways were activated by BMP-2 and platelet-derived growth factor BB(PDGF-BB),respectively. Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632 and MEK inhibitor U0126 were also used. Immunofluorescent staining was applied to observe p-Smad1 distribution across the nucleus, and the cells with positive p-Smad1 nuclear accumulation were counted and the nuclear translocation rate was calculated. The total p-Smad1 and its distribution across the nucleus were quantitatively determined by Western blotting. The cell proliferation was analyzed by CCK-8 assay. RESULTS: Exposure to BMP-2 significantly increased both the total amount of p-Smad1 and its nuclear accumulation in pulmonary smooth muscle cells. Pretreatment with PDGF-BB significantly decreased the nuclear accumulation of p-Smad1 induced by BMP-2 without decrease of total p-Smad1. However, pretreatment with Y-27632 or U0126 reversed the inhibitory effect of PDGF-BB on p-Smad1 nuclear accumulation. BMP-2 significantly inhibited the cell proliferation, but PDGF-BB blocked the effect of BMP-2 and significantly increased the cell proliferation. After pretreated with Y-27632 or U0126, the PDGF-BB-activated cell proliferation was suppressed.CONCLUSION: PDGF-BB-activated Rho kinase inhibits BMP-2-induced p-Smad1 nuclear translocation via MEK/ERK1/2, and increases pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation.     

Effect of acute intraocular pressure elevation on blood flow velocity and resistance in the rabbit ophthalmic artery

Objective To determine the effect of intraocular pressure (IOP) on blood flow velocity and resistance in the rabbit ophthalmic artery. Animals Ten adult New Zealand White rabbits were used. Procedures Right eyes were cannulated and the IOP was raised in a stepwise manner from 20 to 70 mmHg. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV) and resistive index (RI) in the ophthalmic artery were measured by color Doppler imaging. Values of PSV, EDV and RI were compared at various IOPs via the analysis of variance (anova ) of a randomized block design with post hoc Bonferroni test. Results Significant differences of PSV, EDV and RI at different IOP points (all P < 0.001) were observed. Over the entire IOP range, linear regression showed a negative correlation between IOP and both PSV and EDV (β = ?0.07434, P = 0.0020 and β = ?0.07829, P < 0.001, respectively), as well as a positive correlation between the RI and IOP (β = 0.00221, P < 0.001). Moreover, line plots identified a point with IOP = 40 mmHg, splitting the IOP range with different regression slopes. Piecewise linear regression indicated no correlation between PSV, EDV, RI and IOP when the IOP was elevated from 20 to 40 mmHg (P = 0.1832, P = 0.5932 and P = 0.5819, respectively). However, piecewise linear regression detected a stronger negative correlation between PSV, EDV and IOP (β = ?0.15760, P = 0.0011 and β = ?0.11872, P = 0.001, respectively) and a stronger positive correlation between RI and IOP (β = 0.00273, P = 0.0015) during the stage from 40 to 70 mmHg. Conclusions The ophthalmic artery in the rabbits was capable of maintaining normal blood velocity and resistance when IOP was below 40 mmHg. However, the autoregulatory capacity was greatly limited when IOP was over 40 mmHg.     

黄花蒿提取物对奶山羊乳腺动静脉血脂肪酸组成的影响

本试验旨在研究黄花蒿乙醇提取物对奶山羊乳腺阴外动脉血和乳静脉血中共轭亚油酸(CLA)等脂肪酸含量的影响.选用9只健康、体重(38±3) kg的泌乳期[泌乳天数(210±15)d]关中奶山羊,随机分为3组,每组3只羊,对照组、Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组奶山羊分别饲喂0、7.26和12.10 g/d黄花蒿乙醇提取物.经预试期30 d后,分...     

缺氧、肺动脉高压、心脏功能与肉鸡腹水综合征的关系

为阐明缺氧、肺动脉高压、心脏功能与肉鸡腹水综合征 (ascites syndrome,AS)之间的关系 ,比较了正常肉鸡、亚临床腹水鸡和腹水鸡的右心室平均压 (m RVP)、平均肺动脉压 (m PAP)、心电图 导联 S波幅 (L ead S)、红细胞压积(HCT)、动脉血血氧饱和度 (Sa O2 )、心率 (HR)和右心肥大指数 (RV/ TV) ,并对这些指标进行相关分析和回归分析。结果表明 :在 AS的发展过程中 ,m RVP、m PAP、L ead S、HCT和 RV/ TV逐渐升高 ,HR和 Sa O2 逐渐下降 ;各指标相互之间的相关性都很高 (P<0 .0 0 1) ;HCT发生变化较其他指标早。此外 ,亚临床腹水鸡的左心室和体质量的比值 (L V/BW)及全心室和体质量的比值 (TV/ BW)最高 ,与腹水鸡的 L V/ BW值差异显著 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;正常鸡的 TV/ BW最低 ,与亚临床腹水鸡的差异显著 (P<0 .0 5 )。结果说明肺动脉压升高与机体慢性缺氧有关 ,且是造成右心肥大衰竭和 AS的原因 ;AS发展早期肉鸡心脏功能是代偿性增加的 ;m RVP、m PAP、L ead S、HCT和 Sa O2 可作为早期诊断、预测AS的指标。     

L-精氨酸对肺动脉高压肉鸡肺小动脉平滑肌细胞凋亡的影响

将240羽14日龄艾维茵-2000商品代肉鸡于14d时随机等分为常温对照组（NT组），低温组（LT组）和低温加L-精氨酸组（LA），白14d起，LT和LA组舍内温度从28℃以1～2℃／d的速度下降，至21d降至12～14℃，并维持到试验结束。此外，LA组自14d起在饲料中按100mg／kg剂量添加L—Arg，直至试验结束。记录肺动脉高压综合征（PHS）发病率，并分别于24、32、39和45d测定右心室／全心室质量比（RV／TV）、血浆NO、肺小动脉管壁面积／管总面积（WA／TA）和平均中膜厚度（mMTPA），并用原位缺口末端标记法（TUNEL法）对肺小动脉凋亡平滑肌细胞进行染色和计数。结果：LT组肉鸡PHS发病率、RV／TV、mMTPA和WA／TA值较NT组升高（P〈0．05）；LA组肉鸡PHS发病率较LT组降低（P〈0．05），mMTPA和WA／TA值与LT组相比呈下降趋势，在32d时显著降低（P〈0．05）；LT组血浆N0浓度总体上与NT组差异不显著（P〉0．05），仅在39d时降低（P〈0．05），而LA组血浆N0浓度自32d时起较NT和LT组显著升高（P〈0．05）；LA组肉鸡肺小动脉平滑肌凋亡细胞百分率较NT组和LT组均显著升高（P〈0.05），但LT组与NT组之间相比无显著差异（P〉0．05）。上述结果表明，L-Arg／NO通过促进肺小动脉平滑肌细胞凋亡，从而在一定程度上抑制了肺血管重构的形成。