饲料代谢能水平和形态对褐壳蛋种鸡生长性能及消化道发育的影响

文章旨在研究日粮不同代谢能水平和饲料形态(颗粒料和粉料)对褐壳蛋种鸡生长性能及消化道发育的影响。试验选择健康、体重一致的1日龄海兰褐壳蛋鸡1296只,随机分为6组,每组6个重复,每个重复36只鸡。试验采取3×2多因素方差设计,其中3个代谢能水平,2个饲料形态(颗粒料和粉料)。试验分为3个阶段,共120 d。结果 :1～45 d和1～120 d种鸡日采食量和料比随着能量水平的升高显著降低(P <0.05),日增重显著升高(P <0.05)。1～45 d饲喂颗粒料的种鸡较粉料显著提高了采食量和日增重(P <0.05),其中日增重升高一直持续到试验末期(P <0.05)。45 d种鸡饲喂高能水平日粮显著降低了消化道、肌胃和腺胃的相对重量(P <0.05),120 d种鸡饲喂低能水平日粮显著提高了肌胃的相对重量(P <0.05)。饲喂颗粒饲料的45 d种鸡肌胃、腺胃和消化道的相对长度最低(P <0.05),同时小肠、空肠、回肠和盲肠的相对长度也显著降低(P <0.05)。日粮粉料显著提高了120 d种鸡肌胃和腺胃的相对重量(P <0.05)。结论 :日粮高代谢能水平改善了所有阶段褐壳蛋鸡的生长性能,但对体重均匀度无显著影响。1～45 d种鸡饲喂颗粒料可以提高日采食量和日增重,对料比无显著影响。1～45 d种鸡日粮代谢能升高降低了120 d种鸡肌胃相对重量。     

Inclusion of High Methionine Corn in Pullet Diets

Synthetic methionine (SM) is routinely added to conventional pullet diets to allow for the formulation of balanced diets. Synthetic methionine, however, is not allowed in organic poultry diets. When SM is not used, diets must be formulated to higher CP levels to achieve the required level of methionine. This study compared inclusion of a commonly used organic corn in pullet starter, grower, and developer diets with a new non-genetically modified high methionine (HM) corn. There were no significant differences in BW gain. The average BW for the pullets on the control and HM corn diets was 1,349 and 1,386 g, respectively. Feed was controlled for most of the study; there were no significant differences in feed consumption or feed efficiency. The results of this study, therefore, indicate that this new HM corn variety is a suitable substitute for organically grown conventional corn varieties in organic pullet diets. The inclusion of HM corn eliminates the need for SM in pullet starter, grower, and developer diets fed to floor-reared Bovan Brown pullets.     

供钙方式对伊莎褐母鸡产蛋性能和蛋壳品质的影响

用22周龄伊莎褐母鸡进行了98天试验,研究四种供钙方式(Ⅰ—全石灰石粒,Ⅱ—1/3石灰石粉加2/3石灰石粒,Ⅲ—全石灰石粉,Ⅳ—全石灰石粉差别供钙,上午低钙,下午高钙)的效果。试验结果表明,四种处理间产蛋率、破蛋率、软蛋率和蛋壳品质指标均无显著差异(P>0.05);处理间开产前(141日蛉)和开产后(180日龄)的血清钙与血清碱性磷酸酶活性也无显著差异(P>0.05)。两期代射试验结果表明,Ⅳ组食入的钙较有效地用于形成蛋壳。