恩拉霉素高产菌株的快速选育

为筛选恩拉霉素高产菌株,降低生产成本,以生产用Streptomyces-483为出发菌株,进行紫外-氯化锂复合诱变。以金黄色葡萄球菌为指示菌,用琼脂块法测定抑菌圈大小,筛选出84株突变株,经摇瓶初筛、复筛、5L发酵罐验证,最终获得4株高产突变株。筛选得到的4株高产突变株经稳定性考察完全适用于生产。     

基质块苗移栽机挡销式自动送苗分苗装置设计与试验

针对叶类蔬菜自动移栽送-分苗成功率低和伤苗率高的问题,该研究以甘蓝基质块苗为对象,设计了一种输送带+挡销组合式送-分苗装置,结合甘蓝基质块苗力学特性,开展送-分苗过程理论分析,确定装置稳定送-分苗条件和关键机构工作参数。搭建试验台进行单因素试验,确定关键因素参数范围,选取前输送带电机转速、后输送带电机转速和挡销频率为主要试验因素,以分苗成功率和基质块破损率为评价指标进行Box-Behnken中心组合试验,建立二阶回归模型,分析各影响因素对指标的影响关系并进行综合优化。试验结果表明：前输送带电机转速104 r/min、后输送带电机转速75 r/min、挡销频率1.85 s/次时送分苗效果较优,台架验证试验分苗成功率92.73%、基质块破损率4.09%,田间验证试验分苗成功率91.81%、基质块破损率4.62%,两指标的两次验证试验与优化结果相比误差值均小于2%,表明该装置具有较高的稳定性。该研究可为蔬菜自动移栽装备的设计提供参考。     

Brachial plexus block using electrolocation for pancarpal arthrodesis in a dog

Conduction blockade was achieved at the brachial plexus of a dog undergoing surgery for pancarpal arthrodesis. The lidocaine/bupivacaine mixture used was the sole analgesic treatment applied during surgery and for 3 hours post-operatively. Location of the plexus brachialis was facilitated using a nerve stimulator. A low volume of lidocaine and bupivacaine (0.26 mL kg(-1)) resulted in successful blockade, which was evident from stable cardiorespiratory variables at low end-tidal (1.3-1.4%) isoflurane concentrations. Pain scoring and examination of motor and sensory function indicated adequate pain relief for 7 hours. While localization of the plexus brachialis can be performed 'blindly', electrolocation improves the success rate for less experienced anaesthetists.     

Application of multi-dimension parallel genetic algorithm to energy-saving optimum control of trains in following operation

In order to study the energy-saving optimum control strategy of a leading train and a tracing train in following operation under a moving block system,an energy-saving control model of trains is created. The aims of the model are energy consumption and trip time error. The control variables of this model are the operating handle level and the train’s position when the operating handle level is changed. Based on the model,the static and dynamic speed restraints are put forward. The static speed restraints are defined by the line conditions and the dynamic speed restraints of the tracing train caused by the leading train for the sake of safety. This problem is solved with the help of multi-dimension parallel genetic algorithm (GA) and external punishment function. During the solving process,the crossover probability and the mutation probability are adjusted dynamically according to the GA generation to improve the efficiency of the coarse grain search and the fine grain search. Ramps divided into three parts and the real number coding are adopted to shorten the length of chromosomes and improve the speed of convergence. Its correctness and effectiveness are validated at a simulation platform of train operation.     

Infectious keratoconjunctivitis in goats

AIMS: To compare two methods of applying rubber rings to the pedicles of yearling stags to induce analgesia in the antler prior to removal. To compare the application of a rubber ring with that of a lignocaine ring block of the antler pedicle on the efficacy and time course of the analgesia produced in yearling stags.

METHODS: Rubber rings were applied to the pedicles of 36 yearling stags that required velvet antler removal. The standard method, a doubled-over ring expanded and lowered down from the distal end of the antler and released midway down the pedicle, was compared with a cable-tie method on the other pedicle, where a ring was pulled around the pedicle by an electrical cable tie threaded through the ring. Brief electrical stimulation (train-of-four mode) was applied proximal and distal to the ring before, and at regular intervals for 1 hour after, application of the ring to a level that produced an auriculopalpebral reflex response.

In a second experiment, each pair of antlers per yearling stag (n=36) was allocated to one of three pairs of treatments, viz no treatment (control) and the cable-tie method as described above, control and local anaesthesia (a ring block of 2 ml 2% lignocaine per cm pedicle circumference), or the cable-tie method and local anaesthesia. Electrical stimulation (tetanic mode) was applied to each antler approximately 25 mm distal to the pedicle/antler junction before, and at intervals up to 1 hour after, application of treatments at a level required to produce a head/neck avoidance behavioural response.

In a third experiment, the two electrical stimulation protocols used above were directly compared by measuring the response of stags (n=8) to one protocol on each pedicle/antler prior to, and at intervals for 1 hour after, application of a rubber ring. At the end of each treatment in all three experiments, analgesia of the antler was established as a nil behavioural response of the stag to a saw cut to the antler (the ‘nick test’).

RESULTS: For both methods of application of a ring the minimum electrical stimulation required distal to the ring to elicit a reflex response increased from around 16 to 55 mA by 60 minutes. In contrast, the electrical stimulation required proximal to the ring remained low (~17.0 mA) throughout. No stag subjected to either of the methods of application responded to the nick test 60 minutes after application of the ring.

The electrical stimulation required to produce a behavioural response increased very rapidly in stags treated with local anaesthetic and at a slower rate in those treated with the cabletie method but showed no significant increase in control stags. After 4 and 30 minutes, for local anaesthesia and the cable-tie method, respectively, 95% of stags were not responding to 80 mA. A significantly greater proportion of stags with antlers treated with local anaesthetic and the cable-tie method did not respond to the nick test than controls, and there was no significant difference in the frequency of the response between stags with treated antlers.

The minimum current required to produce a response proximal to a rubber ring was slightly higher on average for train-of-four electrical stimulus (mean 18.1 (SD 2.6) mA) than for the tetanic mode (mean 11.9 (SD 2.5) mA). The increase in minimum current required to produce the respective response to stimulation distal to the ring was similar for both methods, although the maximum predicted value (67.4 mA) was lower for train-of-four than for the tetanic mode (84.5 mA). No stag responded to the nick test =60 minutes after application of the ring.

CONCLUSIONS: The cable-tie method was no different from the standard method as a procedure for producing analgesia in the antlers of yearling stags and should be accepted as an appropriate procedure for applying analgesic rings to yearling stags. The analgesia produced in the antlers of yearling stags by rubber rings applied by the cable-tie method to the pedicle was similar to that of a lignocaine ring block, but the time course for the development of analgesia was markedly different. Given that a lignocaine ring block is accepted as an adequate method of pain relief for antler removal, the application of rubber rings followed by a period of =30 minutes after application can be advocated as a viable alternative for pain relief.     

留守儿童希望感、心理韧性特点及关系

留守儿童的心理品质正在吸引研究者的关注。本研究发现,留守男童的希望感、心理韧性显著高于留守女童;母亲外出的留守儿童比父亲外出的留守儿童希望感高,父母都外出的留守儿童心理韧性显著高于父亲外出的留守儿童;学习成绩优异的留守儿童希望感、心理韧性显著高于成绩差的留守儿童;留守儿童的希望感、心理韧性总体随年级增高而降低;父亲或爷爷照看的留守儿童希望感、心理韧性显著高于母亲、奶奶、外公外婆照看、社会托管的留守儿童;留守儿童希望感与心理韧性呈显著正相关。     

竹林康养研究现状及发展趋势

本文基于竹林康养研究兴起的产业与政策背景,提出竹林康养资源由环境资源、景观资源和文化资源共同构成,并从竹林环境康养因子分布特征、竹林环境人体康养功效2个方面介绍了竹林康养的研究现状。认为随着竹林生态环境、竹林景观感知、竹林养生活动的康养功效循证研究不断深入,以及竹林康养基地、竹林小镇、竹林人家、竹林风景线评选标准以及规划设计与建设导则的制定,将有助于我国竹林经营的供给侧结构性改革和乡村振兴战略的实施。     

区块链保险平台创新优势

为了满足当前市场上的新型需求,我们希望在国内创立区块链相互保险平台。本相互 保险平台靠借贷、风投、天使投资筹资建立,每个会员都有独立账户,都是一个分布式节点,所有 交易数据由工作人员打包成链,供客户查询。加入会员缴纳费用形成资金池交予资产管理公司 进行稳健投资,资金池运作情况显示在区块链上,对所有会员公开,数据不可篡改,资金池投资 收益除了抽调保险平调基金外,会员分红。     

考虑雷诺数和形状影响的坝岸根石水平水流拖曳力系数修正

对于水利工程坝岸散抛根石冲揭失稳,水流作用下根石的拖曳力是重要的力学分析参数。该文基于黄河坝岸散抛根石的形状参数特征,利用水槽试验量测球体及不同形状块体受水流作用的水平拖曳力,研究雷诺数、物体形状指标与拖曳力相关关系及变化规律,明确影响因素,率定双因素影响下块体的拖曳力系数函数。结果表明,水下球体或近似球状物体的拖曳力系数,基本不受水流及物体形态影响,拖曳力系数趋于0.40～0.56;有棱角块体的水流拖曳力系数,块体雷诺数小于3×104的影响区域,系数函数呈双曲线趋势变化;块体雷诺数大于3×104的影响区域,迎水面宽高比不大于侧立面长高比,拖曳力系数趋于0.80～0.90,迎水面宽高比大于侧立面长高比,拖曳力系数趋于1.00～1.10。进一步通过试验修正了水流作用下不同形态物体的水平拖曳力系数,提出了块体雷诺数、形状参数双因素影响下物体水平拖曳力系数函数,得到了以不同物体来流方向投影响面积为基准的水平拖曳计算公式,经拟合公式的合理性分析与验证,拖曳力系数拟合优度达到0.90以上,平均相对误差为8.7%;修正后拖曳力平均相对误差仅为7.5%,公式计算效果良好,更准确地反映散抛根石的水下受力特征,为分析水下抛石受水流冲击离散形态提供理论依据。     

心理素质对初一和高一新生问题行为的影响:孤独感与安全感的中介作用

为探讨初一和高一新生的问题行为及其影响因素,考察孤独感和安全感在心理素质与高一和初一新生问题行为间的中介作用,采用中学生心理素质问卷(简化版)、UCLA孤独感量表、长处和困难问卷(选取其中4个维度)和安全感量表对1 184名初一和高一新生进行调查.结果显示:(1)心理素质对初一和高一新生问题行为有负向影响;(2)孤独感和安全感在心理素质与初一和高一新生问题行为的关系中具有部分中介效应,通过心理素质—安全感—问题行为、心理素质—安全感—孤独感—问题行为、心理素质—孤独感—问题行为3条路径实现;(3)心理素质—安全感—问题行为这一路径的间接效应值最大,即安全感在心理素质与问题行为之间起着关键的中介作用.