多品种（系）试验中简化广义格子设计的探讨

根据多品种（系）田间试验的特点，在Ｐａｔｔｅｒｓｏｎ等广义格子设计基础上提出简化广义格子设计（简称ＳＧＬ设计）。ＳＧＬ设计基于格子设计的正交性原理，对于可用区组容量整除的任何供试品种数、２－４次重复，均可构成不完全区组设计。且构成方法简便，设计效率因子高，具有可解析性，连通性，ＳＧＬ设计的参数采用修饰极大似然法估计。     

大学生休闲与心理健康探析

休闲是大学生活中不可或缺的一部分，文章探讨了大学生休闲的含义、类型、休闲对心理健康的促进作用、休闲中存在的问题及其调适，以期为大学生在休闲活动中发展心理素质提供参考。     

肉牛补饲糖蜜舔砖的短期育肥效果研究

通过对内牛饲喂与不喂糖蜜舔砖的效果进行对比分析。对照组头均增重103．3g，试验组头均增重321．1g，比对照组日均增重高出217．8g，提高210％。试验组每kg增重耗用糖蜜舔砖1．38kg，对照组头均获利65．08元，试验组头均获利142．2元，比对照组高出77．12元，提高118．5％。     

基于CASS的数字化宗地图自动绘制应用研究

针对过去传统的宗地图手工制作方法,利用南方CASS软件,探索地籍图形数据处理方法与应用,实现了宗地图的自动绘制,地籍表格及地籍统计信息的自动生成。     

新生自我心理保健与大学生择业心态

本文谈了新生自我心理保健与大学生择业心态。     

Description of a novel ultrasound-guided approach for a dorsal quadratus lumborum block: a canine cadaver study

ObjectiveTo describe an ultrasound-guided approach to the dorsal aspect of the quadratus lumborum muscle (D-QL) and to evaluate the spread of methylene blue dye in canine cadavers.Study designProspective, experimental anatomical study.AnimalsA total of 12 canine cadavers.MethodsThe ultrasonographic landmarks and injection technique for the D-QL approach were determined in two cadavers. Correct needle tip position was confirmed by computed tomography. Bilateral ultrasound-guided injections were performed in 10 cadavers between the QL muscle, the vertebral body and the ventrocaudal aspect of the transverse process of the first lumbar vertebra (L1) using two volumes of methylene blue: low volume (LV) 0.3 mL kg^–1 or high volume (HV) 0.5 mL kg^–1. Staining of the main thoracolumbar trunk, dorsal and ventral branches of the thoracic (T) and lumbar (L) spinal nerves, sympathetic trunk and epidural space were assessed following dissection. Data between groups were compared using Mann–Whitney U test. Data are presented as median (range).ResultsThe ventral branches of spinal nerves T12, T13, L1, L2, L3 and L4 were stained in 10%, 70%, 100%, 90%, 60%, 0% and 30%, 100%, 100%, 100%, 50% and 30% after LV and HV injections, respectively. Multisegmental spread of the sympathetic trunk was found on 3 (3–4) and 5 (3–6) vertebral spinal levels following LV and HV injections, respectively (p = 0.005). The T13 segment of the sympathetic trunk was stained after all HV injections. Epidural spread was found in 20% and 30% of LV and HV injections, respectively.Conclusions and clinical relevanceThe injection of HV versus LV dye using the D-QL approach provided more consistent staining of the thoracolumbar nerve structures which innervate the abdominal wall and viscera. Clinical studies are required to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of the D-QL block for abdominal procedures in dogs in vivo.     

Description of an ultrasound-guided rectus sheath block injection technique and the spread of dye in calf cadavers

ObjectivesTo describe an ultrasound-guided rectus sheath (RS) block technique in calves with injections of methylene blue and assess the extent of injectate spread and nerve staining in calf cadavers.Study designProspective, experimental, blinded cadaveric study.AnimalsA total of 16 calf cadavers weighing 30.7 ± 7.1 kg.MethodsUsing an ultrasound-guided, in-plane technique, each cadaver was injected with both a low (LV; 0.25 mL kg^–1) and high (HV; 0.5 mL kg^–1) volume of methylene blue dye. Volumes were randomly assigned to the left or right hemiabdomen. Ultrasound imaging was scored based on landmarks and needle visualization, and duration to perform injections were assessed. Dissections were performed immediately after injections. Staining of ventral branches of spinal nerves and the extent of dye spread were recorded by an anatomist unaware of treatment allocation.ResultsThe number of nerves stained in treatments LV and HV were 2.3 ± 1.7 and 4.4 ± 1.3, respectively (p = 0.0001). Branches of thoracic nerves T7–13 and lumbar nerves L1–2 were completely stained 6.3%, 6.3%, 31.3%, 62.5%, 56.3%, 37.5%, 31.3%, 6.3% and 0%, respectively, in treatment LV and 0%, 12.5%, 50%, 93.8%, 100%, 93.8%, 62.5%, 25% and 6.3%, respectively, in treatment HV. Ultrasound imaging was scored excellent in most cadavers and needle visualization deemed excellent in all injections. The mean duration to perform RS injections in both treatments was 2 (range, 1–6) minutes.Conclusions and clinical relevanceNerve staining results from treatment HV suggest that this RS injection technique could be clinically useful in ventral midline surgical procedures, including umbilical procedures, in calves. This study supports future clinical trials in calves.     

Ultrasound-guided retrobulbar nerve block in donkey cadavers

ObjectiveTo develop and describe an acoustic window to access and inject the retrobulbar region in donkey cadavers.Study designProspective cadaveric experimental study.AnimalsA total of 14 donkey cadaver heads.MethodsUltrasound landmarks for retrobulbar injection were identified by dissection of two cadavers. Ultrasound-guided retrobulbar injection of 3, 6 and 9 mL of contrast–lidocaine mixture (1:1) were evaluated using computed tomography (CT) in 12 cadavers for needle position and spread of injectate into the extraocular muscle cone.ResultsReal-time visualization of needle, extraocular muscle cone and optic nerve enabled successful intraconal instillation of injectate, as documented on CT images.Conclusions and clinical relevanceUltrasound-guided retrobulbar injections in cadaver donkeys provided adequate infiltration of the intraconal space.     

矩形区组方“RBS”设计及其在树木育种中的应用Ⅰ.单个“RBS”设计统计分析

本文介绍矩形区组方"RBS"设计的基本方法,单个"RBS"设计方差分析的数学模型,处理平均数效应,期望均方分解,遗传力及其遗传变异系数估值,并举例介绍"RBS"在树木育种中的应用。