吉林省老年人心理健康状况及其影响因素研究

从吉林省老年人心理健康状况入手,分析老年人心理健康的影响因素及问题,并尝试从社会层面、家庭及人际关系和老年人自身三个角度分析老年人心理健康现状的成因,最终提出合理化建议,力求为改善我省老年人的心理健康状况提供借鉴,以提升我省老年人的生命质量.     

A simple method for determination of ammonium in semimicro‐Kjeldahl analysis of soils and plant materials using a block digester

Abstract

A simple method for determination of ammonium in semimicro‐Kjeldahl analysis of soils and plant materials using a Tecator or Technicon 40‐tube block digester is described. It involves use of an inexpensive steam distillation apparatus that permits direct distillation of ammonium from the tubes used for Kjeldahl digestion in 40‐tube block digesters. The method is rapid and precise, and it gives results that agree closely with those obtained by the customary method of ammonium N analysis involving transfer of the Kjeldahl digest before distillation.     

网络环境下农业高校图书馆对女大学生心理素质教育的作用

据调查,女大学生比一般女性群体及男大学生更易出现心理问题。高校图书馆服务的宗旨在于＂育人＂,而图书馆馆藏丰富、环境宁静且女职工居多,为进行女大学生心理素质教育创造了条件。高校图书馆应采取各种措施,完成这一职责。     

运用广义线性混合模型分析随机区组重复测量的试验资料

重复测量试验对同一受试对象进行多次测量,各时间点数据间存在自相关性,进行方差分析和均值比较时需要进行特殊处理。虽然此方法在农业等研究领域运用十分广泛,但目前有效地相关统计方法鲜见。为了建立操作简单、实用性强、结果可靠的统计分析方法,本研究采用SAS的广义线性混合模型(Generalized Linear Mixed Models,GLIMMIX),以随机区组重复测量试验资料为例,说明了协方差结构筛选、方差分析和均值比较的具体方法。结果表明,用传统的裂区设计、多变量统计等方法会造成资料信息浪费,统计功效降低,缺区无法处理等问题,甚至会导致错误的结论。GLIMMIX能很好地处理自相关问题,功能强大,结果可靠,使用简单,允许缺区,是进行重复测量试验资料方差分析和均值比较的理想方法。目前在国内将其运用到农学类试验数据的统计分析的相关报道鲜见,该文在本领域具有很强的实用性和创新性。     

Retrospective analysis of complications associated with retrobulbar bupivacaine in dogs undergoing enucleation surgery

ObjectiveTo investigate complications associated with, and without, bupivacaine retrobulbar local anesthesia in dogs undergoing unilateral enucleation surgery.Study designRetrospective, observational study.AnimalsA total of 167 dogs underwent unilateral enucleation surgery via a transpalpebral approach.MethodsRecords from 167 dogs that underwent unilateral enucleation surgery that did (RB) or did not (NB) include retrobulbar bupivacaine anesthesia were reviewed, including anesthetic record, daily physical examination records, surgery report, patient discharge report and patient notes within 14 days of the surgery. Specific complications and severity were compared between RB and NB using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. A ‘complication burden’ (0–5) comprising five prespecified complications was assigned and tested using rank-sum procedures. Statistical significance was set to 0.05.ResultsGroup RB included 97 dogs and group NB 70 dogs. Dogs in NB had a 17.0 percentage points (points) greater risk for a postoperative recovery complication (38.6% versus 21.6%; 95% confidence interval: 3.0–30.6 points; p = 0.017). There was inconclusive evidence that dogs in group RB had a lower risk of requiring perioperative anticholinergic administration (12.4% versus 22.9%; 10.5 points; p = 0.073). Other complications were similar between groups RB and NB with risks that differed by <10 points. The risk of hemorrhage was similar between groups RB (22.7%) and NB (20.0%) with no significant difference in the level of severity (p = 0.664).Conclusions and clinical relevanceIn this retrospective study, the use of retrobulbar bupivacaine for enucleation surgery in dogs was not associated with an increased risk of major or minor complications.     

Development of a lateral ultrasound-guided approach for the proximal radial,ulnar, median and musculocutaneous (RUMM) nerve block in cats

ObjectiveTo describe a lateral ultrasound (US)-guided approach to the radial, ulnar, median and musculocutaneous (RUMM) nerves through a single proximal in-plane insertion in cats and to determine whether one or two injection points are required to successfully stain all the target nerves.Study designProspective study.AnimalsA total of eight client-owned healthy cats and 12 cat cadavers.MethodsIn live cats, the US anatomy of the brachium, the landmarks and the site for needle accesses were determined. Then, 12 thawed feline cadavers were used to assess the spread of dye solution and nerve staining following the US-guided proximal-lateral-humeral RUMM injection using one and two injection points. Each cadaver was injected with 0.15 mL kg^–1 of a 0.25% new methylene blue solution in either a single injection aimed for the radial nerve of one limb (G1) or via two sites delivering 0.1 mL kg^–1 and 0.05 mL kg^–1 aimed for the radial and musculocutaneous nerves of the opposite limb, respectively (G2). Upon dissection, staining of the target nerves around their circumference for length of >1 cm was considered successful.ResultsSonoanatomy was consistent with anatomy upon dissection and target nerves were identified in all cadavers. Staining was 100% successful for the radial, median and ulnar nerves in both groups, and 41.7% and 100% for the musculocutaneous nerve in G1 and G2, respectively.Conclusions and clinical relevanceThis novel lateral US-guided approach for the proximal RUMM nerve block allowed a good identification of the nerves and related structures, and it provided a consistent muscular structure through which the needle could be easily guided. An injection performed in two aliquots (within the caudal and cranial compartments of the neurovascular sheath) appeared to be necessary to successfully stain all the target nerves.     

不同颜色地板的视觉特性研究

视觉物理量上,不同地板的色度学参数之间存在着较大差别.在L*a*b*色空间中,各种地板的L*值为35～70;红绿轴色品指数a*值为5～25;黄蓝轴色品指数b*值为20～35;色饱和度c*值的分布范围同黄蓝轴色品指数b*较为相似,为20～40;各种地板色调角Ag*的大小为0.9～1.4.在孟塞尔色空间,各种地板的明度V值为2.0～6.0,V值的大小顺序同L*值一致.各种地板色调H值为16～25,分布在Y和GY区间.色饱和度C值为6～18.采用实验心理学中的等级排列法制作顺序量表,再通过PZ转换,将原始测验分数转换成标准分数的方法,得到了各种地板视觉心理量等距量表.不同地板的视觉喜欢程度和视觉高档程度上均具有较大差别.视觉喜欢程度和视觉高档程度上的排序不完全一致,但基本相似.视觉心理量高档、喜欢与视觉物理量中红绿轴色品指数a*之间呈正相关,与明度以及色调之间成负相关,其中与明度值的相关程度相对较高.说明在人们心理上一般认为,明度越低,色调越红的地板越好.     

浅析报复犯罪的心理特征

社会主义法律对报复犯罪行为的评价的否定,以报复犯罪心理产生的原因为划分标准,划分为6种类型,结合案例分析报复犯罪的主体在认识上、情感上、意志上的心理特征,在此基础上提出预防和减少报复犯罪的对策,希望能从中给人们一些思考和启迪。