食用菌反季栽培促进子实体形成技术的研究

在食用菌反季栽培生产的各环节中,受季节影响最大的就是子实体的形成,这是反季栽培能否成功的关键。因此,通过本项目的研究,探索出影响反季栽培促使子实体形成各种因子的调控技术,更有效地保证反季栽培食用菌生产的成功。     

铁皮石斛圆球茎增殖影响因素的研究

[目的]探讨培养基的不同组成对铁皮石斛圆球茎增殖的效果及影响,为提高其组培种苗的商业化生产效率提供技术参考。[方法]以无菌播种获得的铁皮石斛圆球茎为材料,对影响铁皮石斛圆球茎增殖的几种因素进行了研究。[结果]铁皮石斛圆球茎在1/2MS培养基中增殖效果较好;在1/2 MS＋NAA 0.5 mg/L培养基中加入BA 2.0 mg/L可促进铁皮石斛圆球茎增殖;培养基中加入天然物质有利于铁皮石斛圆球茎的增殖生长,以加入椰子汁100 ml/L为最佳。[结论]铁皮石斛圆球茎在1/2 MS＋NAA 0.5 mg/L＋BA 2.0mg/L＋椰子汁100 ml/L培养基上增殖效果最佳,增殖系数达到4.8。     

Hematology of healthy Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus)

Background: Hematologic analysis is an important tool in evaluating the general health status of free‐ranging manatees and in the diagnosis and monitoring of rehabilitating animals. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate diagnostically important hematologic analytes in healthy manatees (Trichechus manatus) and to assess variations with respect to location (free ranging vs captive), age class (small calves, large calves, subadults, and adults), and gender. Methods: Blood was collected from 55 free‐ranging and 63 captive healthy manatees. Most analytes were measured using a CELL‐DYN 3500R; automated reticulocytes were measured with an ADVIA 120. Standard manual methods were used for differential leukocyte counts, reticulocyte and Heinz body counts, and plasma protein and fibrinogen concentrations. Results: Rouleaux, slight polychromasia, stomatocytosis, and low numbers of schistocytes and nucleated RBCs (NRBCs) were seen often in stained blood films. Manual reticulocyte counts were higher than automated reticulocyte counts. Heinz bodies were present in erythrocytes of most manatees. Compared with free‐ranging manatees, captive animals had slightly lower MCV, MCH, and eosinophil counts and slightly higher heterophil and NRBC counts, and fibrinogen concentration. Total leukocyte, heterophil, and monocyte counts tended to be lower in adults than in younger animals. Small calves tended to have higher reticulocyte counts and NRBC counts than older animals. Conclusions: Hematologic findings were generally similar between captive and free‐ranging manatees. Higher manual reticulocyte counts suggest the ADVIA detects only reticulocytes containing large amounts of RNA. Higher reticulocyte and NRBC counts in young calves probably reflect an increased rate of erythropoiesis compared with older animals.     

轿车车身结构的碰撞安全性研究

Based on the analysis of crash safety of car body structure,this paper proposed some improving measures, Computer simulation tests proved that the measures are effective. The simulation results are, to some extend, in accordance with results of physical s     

犬胃内异物X光射线诊断的研究

在已有病例的基础上通过鉴别对比,分析各种胃内异物X光片的特点,为临床诊断提供依据。利用X光机对犬胃内异物病例进行X光平片的拍摄观察,并对犬胃内大小、形状、密度不同的异物的诊断效果进行了归类、比较和分析。结果显示：X光平片检查能够清晰、直观地显示胃内高密度异物,并且能够对其准确地定位;但对于胃内低密度异物几乎不成像,甚至观察不到胃内异物的存在。但是使用造影剂后,就可以使低密度异物成像;胃内中等密度的异物虽然能够通过X光显示,但其轮廓不十分清晰。结果表明：对于中高密度的胃内异物,X光平片检查效果明显好于低密度的胃内异物,而低密度异物借助造影剂后能够较准确地定位。     

Splenic Hemangiosarcoma in a Young Sprague-Dawley Rat

The present report describes a rare case of spontaneous hemangiosarcoma in a nine-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rat. At necropsy, multiple white nodules of various sizes were observed on and within the enlarged spleen and liver and were histopathologically determined to be composed of spindle- to oval-shaped cells that showed invasive growth without encapsulation and were arranged solidly but partially in whorls or faint alveolar patterns with vascular-like spaces containing small clefts or erythrocytes in the tumor mass. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that most of the tumor cells were strongly positive for vimentin, von Willebrand factor (vWF) and CD34 but negative for podoplanin. In addition, electron microscopic examination revealed the presence of Weibel-Palade bodies in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells. Based on these findings, this case was diagnosed as a hemangiosarcoma. The splenic masses were larger than the hepatic ones, with tumor cells mainly observed at periportal regions with tumor embolism in the liver, suggesting that primary hemangiosarcoma initially developed in the spleen before metastasizing.     

朱鹮雏鸟误食玻璃吸管的肌胃切开术一例报告

动物误吞异物是饲养过程中常见的现象,但在世界濒危鸟类、国家Ⅰ级保护动物朱鹮中出现这种现象却很少见。2008年河南董寨1只19日龄朱鹮雏鸟,在人工育雏过程中将1根直径为7 mm、长78 mm的玻璃吸管误食入胃里,朱鹮雏鸟出现疼痛和精神委顿拒食现象,采取及时切开肌胃将玻璃吸管取出,用温青霉素生理盐水冲洗切口后,将胃黏膜肌层及皮进行分次缝合,术后对该朱鹮雏鸟进行了彻底的消炎治疗和切口消毒,同时又进行细心的护理和合理的喂食,1周后该朱鹮雏鸟痊愈,并在2 a后配对繁殖。     

论农村社会管理体系中“四个主体”的作用

农村社会管理主体有四个,即基层党组织、基层政府、农村社会组织和农民。由于各主体作用异化,未能形成合力,致使农村社会管理长期存在缺陷;实现农村社会管理目标,必须整合"四个主体",使之形成合力,充分发挥他们主体作用。     

Liver Enzymes and Ultrastructure in Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease (RHD)

Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) is caused by a calicivirus infection that kills most adult rabbits 24–72 h after viral inoculation. Two liver enzymes (AST, aspartate aminotransferase, and ALT, alanine aminotransferase) were monitored in blood samples of calicivirus-infected rabbits during the short course of RHD. Values of AST were used to differentiate three stages of hepatocellular degeneration in RHD: mild (up to 20-fold increase in AST), moderate (150–200-fold elevation of AST) and severe (more than 1000-fold elevation in AST). Liver samples of rabbits from these three biochemical stages of hepatocellular degeneration of RHD were studied by transmission electron microscopy to define the fine structure of the hepatocytes. In the mild hepatocellular degeneration there was proliferation (microvesiculation) of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and swelling of mitochondria into spheroid bodies with loss of cristae. In moderate hepatocellular degeneration, vacuolization of cytoplasm and mitochondrial damage continued to be present, and there was also formation of autophagic vesicles. In the severe hepatocellular degeneration of RHD, the altered mitochondria also showed loss of density of their matrix; rupture of cytoplasmic vacuoles led to the formation of large vesicles. Marked depletion of liver glycogen was also found in this late stage of RHD. These data offer a correlation between biochemical and cytological features of the liver during the hepatocellular degeneration of RHD.     

The Structure and Function of Epidermal Lipids

Abstract— This review article examines current knowledge of the structure and function of epidermal lipids in human and veterinary dermatology. Dynamic transformations in lipid composition and structure occur as cells migrate through the epidermis. The lipids which are formed have a direct effect on epidermal functions. Ceramides appear to be the most important lipid component for lamellar arrangement in the stratum corneum and barrier protection. Polyunsaturated fatty acids in the epidermis are also important because they are incorporated into the ceramides. Additionally, arachidonic acid is bound to the phospholipid portion of cell membranes and is the most important precursor of endogenous eicosanoids. The eicosanoids are vital for epidermal homeostasis and play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory dermatoses when produced in abnormal quantities. In addition to barrier protection, other vital epidermal functions associated with the lipids include stratum corneum water-holding, cohesion and desquamation of corneocytes, and control of epidermal proliferation and differentiation.