狗蔷薇RaWUS基因组成型表达对烟草叶片形态的影响

为验证从狗蔷薇类原球茎克隆的RaWUS基因的功能,构建了组成型表达载体,并用根瘤农杆菌介导的叶盘转化法对烟草进行了遗传转化。通过除草剂草丁膦筛选,获得了转基因植株并对其进行了表型观察和RT．PCR分析。结果显示转基因烟草叶片形态和叶脉表现出形态变化,包括叶片浅裂、叶片边缘波浪状、叶脉紊乱,甚至叶片的主脉上有不定芽的产生等。RT-PCR分析表明,RaWUS基因仅仅在经过草丁膦筛选的抗性转基因烟草中强烈表达,在野生型烟草中没有表达。表明RaWUS基因已经被成功转入烟草中,并可能通过改变激素的水平和调控维管束的发育来影响叶片形状。     

昆山主要水体沉积物4种重金属的分布及污染状况评估

对昆山湖泊、河道和养殖池塘主要水体沉积物中的Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd含量的空间分布进行了分析,结果表明,湖泊样点沉积物中Cu含量在6.54～333.99 mg/kg之间,均值为136.60 mg/kg;河道沉积物中Cu含量在11.00～475.88 mg/kg间,均值为126.78 mg/kg;养殖池塘沉积物中Cu含量在31.73～155.78 mg/kg间,均值为84.73 mg/kg。4种重金属对昆山水域生态风险构成危害的顺序为Cd>Cu>Pb>Zn。其中Cu、Pb、Zn的潜在生态危害系数均低于40,为低生态风险,Cd的潜在生态危害系数高于320,且所有采样点的Cd污染总体潜在生态风险指数均大于600,呈现严重生态风险,重金属的总体潜在生态风险程度顺序为：河道>湖泊>池塘。     

大花蕙兰无菌播种与组培快繁技术研究

对大花蕙兰的无菌播种及组培快繁技术进行了相关研究。结果表明:大花蕙兰无菌播种采用0.1%升汞溶液灭菌10 min能取得较好的效果;改良MS+6-BA1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L培养基对假鳞茎诱导原球茎效果较好,其原球茎诱导率可达86%;原球茎增殖的最佳培养基为改良MS+NAA 0.5 mg/L,此配方对大花蕙兰的壮苗生根同样合适;采用固、液培养基交替培养(振荡转数100～110 r/min)能有效地促进原球茎增殖;移栽基质配比为腐殖土∶棉籽壳=1∶1时,移栽苗成活率可达95%。     

Plasma concentration of antidiuretic hormone in response to intraruminal administration of butyrate in suckling calves

Our previous study has revealed that providing dry feeds increased the plasma concentration of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in suckling calves, leading to altered water balance. To examine whether ketone bodies formed from ruminal fermentation-derived butyrate induced ADH secretion in suckling calves, the effects of intraruminal administration of butyrate on plasma concentration of ADH and ketone bodies, plasma and urine osmolality, and urine volume were examined. Six male Holstein calves aged 4 wk were used. Three levels of butyrate (0 g, 22 g and 44 g) were intraruminally administrated in a 3 × 3 Latin square design, and blood plasma and urine were analyzed. Plasma concentration of ketone bodies was increased by intraruminal administration of butyrate within 15 min in a dose-dependent manner, and the elevation of plasma levels continued until 4 h. Plasma concentration of ADH was also increased by the butyrate treatment, and it was higher in the 44 g butyrate group than in the 22 g butyrate group from 15 min to 2 h. The duration of the elevated plasma concentration of ADH was shorter than that of plasma concentration of ketone bodies. The relationship between plasma concentrations of ADH and those of ketone bodies was statistically significant, although the relationship was weaker. In accordance with the elevation of plasma ADH levels, the butyrate treatment resulted in the decreases in urine volume and increases in urine osmolality. Plasma osmolality was not different among the groups. The present results suggest that ruminal butyrate-derived ketone bodies are at least partly responsible for ADH secretion in suckling calves fed with dry feeds, and that the secreted ADH decreases urine volume through the increase in urine osmolality.     

Priming abiotic factors for optimal hybrid Cymbidium (Orchidaceae) PLB and callus induction,plantlet formation,and their subsequent cytogenetic stability analysis

Abiotic factors affect the induction of PLBs and callus in hybrid Cymbidium Twilight Moon ‘Day Light’. The initiation and proliferation of new PLBs and callus could be achieved on NAA and kinetin, supplemented at 0.1 mg l⁻¹ each, respectively, both within 45–60 days. Bacto agar was found to be the most suitable solidifying agent for PLB induction, although a higher shoot fresh weight was obtained on Gelrite; a pH 5.3 was optimal while pH 4.5 caused 100% explant necrosis; coconut water, when supplied at 10–20% (v/v) resulted in a significant increase in the number of PLBs formed per PLB segment (23.1 versus 14.6 in controls) while a massive (almost four-fold) increase in fresh top weight occurred when PLB explants were placed in liquid culture, as a result of hyperhydricity; Fe-EDTA (1 mg l⁻¹) and activated charcoal (1 g l⁻¹) stimulated total fresh weight and PLB formation in the presence of PGRs; PLB formation decreased but total fresh shoot weight increased with the addition of niacin or myo-inositol, both vitamins. Dark-grown PLB-induced plants were etiolated and had longer internodes and higher fresh weight than light-grown control plants at 45 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹; at 15 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ shoots were slightly etiolated, fragile, and PLB formation was scarce. RAPD and mtDNA analysis of all resultant PLBs, callus or plants showed them to be genetically identical, with comparable chlorophyll contents. Despite the detection of cytological variation between different plant parts, little variation resulted from abiotic factor treatment.     

Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies associated with vesicular, ulcerative and necrotizing lesions of the digestive mucosa of a roedeer (Capreolus capreolus L.) and a moose (Alces alces L.)

At post-mortem examination of a roedeer and a moose, ulcerative and necrotizing lesions were observed in the digestive mucosa.Both animals were serologically positive for Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus antibodies. Histological examination revealed intra- and intercellular oedema in stratum germinativum and spinosum, formation of vesicles and ulcers, and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in numerous epithelial cells of mainly stratum germinativum.Electronmicroscopy confirmed the histological findings and demonstrated inclusion bodies containing a granular electron dense material encircled by a single-layer membrane. Virus particles were not found.     

论特设路障快速试验：客车车身结构强度试验研究之一

本文是作者在我年来对大量国产大，中型客车进行车身结构强度试验的基础上总结而成的，内容仅涉及特设路障快速试验的研究，目的在于为制订客车车身试验规范提供一定的科学依据。     

波士顿蕨~(60)Co-γ射线辐射育种研究

以波士顿蕨(Nephrolepis exaltata‘Bostoniensis Murano’)的绿色球状体(Green Globular Bodies,GGB)为辐照材料,采用不同剂量的~(60)Co-γ射线处理,结合组织培养技术进行育种研究。结果表明:绿色球状体辐照半致死剂量约为128 Gy。随着辐照剂量的增加,绿色球状体的增殖和分化受到抑制。绿色球状体辐射表型损伤表现为:颜色变深,变紧实,增殖和分化受抑制;细胞学损伤表现为:胚性细胞减少,出现微核。50~200 Gy剂量下,随着辐照剂量的增加,绿色球状体分化植株变矮,叶形变异率增加。在150 Gy剂量下筛选得到叶片变异性状显著的突变体Neg1。     

Broad bean mottle virus: Identification,host range,serology, and occurrence on faba bean (Vicia faba) in West Asia and North Africa

One of the faba bean viruses found in West Asia and North Africa was identified as broad bean mottle virus (BBMV) by host reactions, particle morphology and size, serology, and granular, often vesiculated cytoplasmic inclusions. Detailed research on four isolates, one each from Morocco, Tunisia, Sudan and Syria, provided new information on the virus.The isolates, though indistinguishable in ELISA or gel-diffusion tests, differed slightly in host range and symptoms. Twenty-one species (12 legumes and 9 non-legumes) out of 27 tested were systemically infected, and 14 of these by all four isolates. Infection in several species was symptomless, but major legumes such as chickpea, lentil and especially pea, suffered severely from infection. All 23 genotypes of faba bean, 2 of chickpea, 4 of lentil, 11 out of 21 ofPhaseolus bean, and 16 out of 17 of pea were systemically sensitive to the virus. Twelve plant species were found to be new potential hosts and cucumber a new local-lesion test plant of the virus.BBMV particles occurred in faba bean plants in very high concentrations and seed transmission in this species (1.37%) was confirmed.An isolate from Syria was purified and two antisera were produced, one of which was used in ELISA to detect BBMV in faba bean field samples. Two hundred and three out of the 789 samples with symptoms suggestive of virus infection collected in 1985, 1986 and 1987, were found infected with BBMV: 4 out of 70 (4/70) tested samples from Egypt, 0/44 from Lebanon, 1/15 from Morocco, 46/254 from Sudan, 72/269 from Syria and 80/137 from Tunisia. This is the first report on its occurrence in Egypt, Syria and Tunisia. The virus is a potential threat to crop improvement in the region.Samenvatting Eén van de in West-Azië en Noord-Afrika in faba-boon aangetroffen virussen werd geïdentificeerd als het tuinbonevlekkenvirus (broad bean mottle virus) op grond van waardplantreacties, deeltjesvorm en-grootte, serologische eigenschappen en granulaire, vaak gevacuoliseerde celinsluitsels. Verder onderzoek aan vier isolaten uit respectievelijk Marokko, Tunesië, Soedan en Syrië verschafte nieuwe informatie, over het virus.De in ELISA of gel-diffusietoetsen serologisch niet te onderscheiden isolaten verschilden enigszins in waardplantenreeks en symptomen. Van 27 getoetste plantesoorten werden 21 systemisch geïnfecteerd (12 vlinderbloemigen, en 9 niet-vlinderbloemigen) waarvan 14 door alle vier isolaten. In vele ervan was de infectie symptoomloos, maar belangrijke als gewas geteelde vlinderbloemigen, zoals erwt, linzen en kekererwt, leden ernstig onder aantasting. Alle 23 getoetste faba-boongenotypen, beide van kekererwt, alle vier van linzen, 11 van de 21 getoetste vanPhaseolus-boon en 16 van de 17 van erwt bleken systemisch gevoelig voor het virus. Twaalf plantesoorten, bleken nieuwe potentiële waardplanten en komkommer een nieuwe lokale-lesietoetsplant voor het virus te zijn.In faba-boneplanten kwam, het virus in hoge concentratie voor en overdracht met zaad (1.37%) in deze soort kon worden bevestigd.Een Syrisch isolaat werd gezuiverd en twee antisera werden bereid, waarvan één werd gebruikt voor de detectie van het virus in te velde verzamelde monsters. Van 789 in 1985 tot en met 1987 verzamelde bladmonsters, met symptomen die deden denken aan virusinfectie, bleken 203 het virus te bevatten en wel 4 van de 70 (4/70) uit Egypte, 0/44 uit Libanon, 1/15 uit Marokko, 46/254 uit Soedan, 72/269 uit Syrië en 80/137 uit Tunesië. Het virus was nog niet eerder aangetoond in Egypte, Syrië en Tunesië.De grote verbreiding, grote kunstmatige waardplantenreeks, overdracht met zaad, en pathogeniteit voor een aantal belangrijke vlinderbloemige gewassen maken het virus tot een potentiële bedreiging van de programma's tot verbetering van de teelt van de bedoelde gewassen in het betrokken gebied.     

Intranuclear inclusions in a dog with B‐cell leukemia

A 7‐year‐old Shetland Sheepdog was presented with anorexia. A CBC indicated thrombocytopenia and neutropenia. Bone marrow cytology revealed that 67.7% of all nucleated cells (ANC) were anaplastic large mononuclear cells. These cells were confirmed to be of B‐cell origin based on IgH rearrangement, immunohistochemical, and flow cytometric analysis. Microscopic examination revealed that the neoplastic cells had intranuclear inclusions resembling Dutcher bodies. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that the intranuclear inclusions were immunopositive for IgG antibodies. The periodic acid–Schiff reaction was negative for the presence of polysaccharides and related substances. Although the dog achieved complete remission with a multi‐drug chemotherapy protocol, it ultimately died because of tumor progression and acute renal insufficiency on day 201. This is the first known case of canine acute B‐cell leukemia with intranuclear inclusions resembling Dutcher bodies.