Plasma concentration of anti-diuretic hormone and urine volume in response to intraruminal administration of acetate, propinata and butyrate in suckling calves

Acetate, propionate, and butyrate were intraruminally administered to dry feed-fed suckling calves to evaluate their effects on plasma ketone bodies, anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) concentrations, and urine volume. Four male Holstein calves (5–7 weeks old) were given 1.0 L of warm water or 0.5 mole of one of the acids in 1.0 L of warm water. A 4 × 4 Latin square design was adopted for the experiment. The acetate group showed significantly higher plasma acetate concentrations than the other three groups between 0.25 h and 2.0 h after administration ( P  < 0.01). Plasma glucose concentrations did not differ markedly among the groups. The butyrate group showed significantly higher plasma ketone body concentrations than the other three groups until the end of the experiment ( P  < 0.01). Plasma ADH concentrations quickly rose in the butyrate group and remained significantly higher than in the other three groups from 0.25 h to 2.5 h after administration ( P  < 0.05). In accordance with the elevation of plasma ADH levels, the butyrate group showed decreases in urine volume and increases in urine osmolarity ( P  < 0.05). Plasma osmolarity and hematocrit values (Ht) were not different among the groups. These results suggest that the administration of acetate and propionate had little effect on ADH secretion.     

哺乳动物的极体

长久以来 ,人们都认为极体在正常情况下不参与动物的胚胎发育而退化 ,是无功能的小细胞。但实验证明极体含有的染色体与留在卵母细胞中的染色体具有同等的遗传潜力。在小鼠上 ,人们将其极体与去核卵母细胞或者去核合子融合 ,构成的重构卵母细胞受精后和重构胚都能发育 ,移植后均产生正常生殖力的后代。研究还发现极体的形成与细胞骨架密切相关 ,而其退化则可能是一个凋亡过程。极体作为雌性染色体的来源 ,可以用于建立种子库 ,并能从一个卵母细胞得到四个基因型相同的后代 ,在人类临床上极体可用作孕前遗传疾病的检查材料 ,减少了操作对胚胎的损伤。对极体还需要做进一步的研究。     

透明质酸的制备及对奶牛急性浆液性关节炎治疗初探

以牛眼的玻璃 为材料，制备了高纯度透明质酸。其制剂用于治疗奶牛急性浆液性关节炎，获得了较好疗效。     

大花蕙兰工厂化繁殖技术研究

研究了大花蕙兰原球茎诱导技术,快繁增殖技术,同步化发育技术以及生根苗假植技术。结果表明:①适当浓度的6-BA使各参试品种都能产生原球茎,3个品种平均诱导率约为64%,其中1#、2#、3#品种的最佳诱导率分别为80%、47%、64%。②较低浓度6-BA与较低浓度的NAA配合,可使各参试品种原球茎30天的平均增殖率达到4~5倍,个别增殖达10倍以上。③通过综合调控可以使90%以上的原球茎按照期望的方向同步发育。     

不同含油量油菜种子子叶贮藏细胞内脂体和蛋白体超微结构的研究

将甘蓝型黄籽油菜品种华黄一号优系繁殖的株系５０余份材料的成熟种子，按其含油量分为高，中，低３种，分别对其子叶贮藏细胞中的脂体，蛋白体结构及其大小，分布状态进行透射电镜观察。结果表明，在高油分材料中，脂体大，排列紧密，呈多边形镶嵌分布，脂体间空隙小，并在整个细胞中所占比例较蛋白体为大。在低油分材料中，子叶贮藏细胞内脂体排列疏松，多呈椭圆形，大小不等，脂体间空隙大，脂体所占比例明显小于高油分材料。中油     

Food deprivation and refeeding in Atlantic salmon,Salmo salar: effects on brain and liver carbohydrate and ketone bodies metabolism

The capacity of carbohydrate and ketone bodies metabolism in brain and liver was evaluated in fed and food-deprived Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in a time period covering from 1 to 7 days (Experiment I), and in Atlantic salmon food deprived for 6 weeks, and food deprived for 4 weeks and refed for 2 weeks (Experiment II). The results obtained demonstrate for the first time in a teleost the existence of changes in brain metabolism due to food deprivation. Thus, decreased glucose levels in plasma are reflected in the brain by an increased mobilization of glycogen reserves, and by a decreased glycolytic capacity. Also, ketone bodies appear to increase their importance as a metabolic fuel from day 7 of food deprivation onwards. A possible increase in the gluconeogenic potential in brain simultaneously is not discarded. All these metabolic changes are reversed under refeeding conditions.     

紫孢侧耳的富锗研究

本文对紫孢侧耳（Ｐｌ－ｅｕｒｏｔｕｓｓａｐｉｄｕｓ）的富锗能力作了初步研究。液体深层培养和子实体栽培结果表明：紫孢侧耳具有良好的富锗能力，子实体栽培的富锗效果较好。在添加７０－１０５０ｐｐｍ锗的范围内，子实休富锗的范围为４０．５－５５３．３ｐｐｍ，吸收率均在６０％以上。     

兰花繁育技术的研究进展

综述了生物技术在兰花上应用的研究进展,着重介绍了兰花无菌发芽育苗、离体快繁、原生质体、基因工程及育种的研究概况,并就兰花原球茎人工种子的生产及兰花试管苗开花诱导因素进行了讨论.     

Ultrastructural morphology of lymphocytes of the Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx)

An ultrastructural study on the lymphocytes from peripheral blood samples from 20 healthy adult Arabian oryx (Oryx leucocoryx) was undertaken. Small lymphocytes ranged in size from 2–3.5 µm and exhibited the typical repertoire of organelles found in small lymphocytes of other animals but showed no evidence of azurophilic granules. Medium-sized lymphocytes were 5–6.5 µm in diameter and occasionally demonstrated azurophilic granules. Microvilli were a common finding of lymphocytes. Of particular interest was the presence of multivesicular bodies, which have previously only been described in human lymphocytes. Both small- and medium-sized lymphocytes of the Arabian oryx were smaller than those reported for other animals. Small lymphocytes exhibited short, thick microvilli, whereas medium-sized lymphocytes had long thin microvilli, a single nucleolus and occasionally azurophilic granules and multivesicular bodies.     

铁皮石斛离体根尖经体细胞胚再生植株研究

以铁皮石斛离体根尖为外植体,研究了在不同培养条件下离体根尖经愈伤组织形成体细胞胚及直接产生体细胞胚再生植株的细胞学过程,认为铁皮石斛类原球茎是单细胞起源的真正体细胞胚.