金雀异黄素对雌性大鼠体内促性腺激素及胰岛素样生长因子表达的影响

本试验旨在研究金雀异黄素(genistein,GEN)对雌性大鼠体内促性腺激素及胰岛素样生长因子表达的影响。选取40只SD雌性大鼠[体重(200±20)g],随机分为5组,分别为阴性对照(NC)组、GEN低(L)、中(M)、高剂量(H)组及阳性对照(PC)组,每组8只,NC组灌胃花生油(其他组灌胃试剂以此为溶剂);L、M、H组分别灌胃15、30、60 mg/(kg BW·d)GEN,PC组灌胃己烯雌酚0.5 mg/(kg BW·d)。试验期30 d。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测血清中卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-1(IGFBP-1)含量;实时定量PCR法检测卵巢IGF-1、IGFBP-1 mRNA表达水平。结果表明:与NC组比较,试验组血清中FSH、LH含量有升高趋势,但差异不显著(P0.05),作用效果与PC组一致;试验组血清IGF-1含量略有降低,但差异不显著(P0.05),PC组显著降低(P0.05);试验组血清IGFBP-1含量显著或极显著升高(P0.05或P0.01),PC组显著升高(P0.05);试验组卵巢组织中IGF-1、IGFBP-1 mRNA表达水平均升高,其中M、H组显著升高(P0.05),与PC组变化一致。由此可见,GEN能够提高雌性大鼠血清FSH、LH含量、降低血清IGF-1含量、提高血清IGFBP-1含量,同时提高卵巢中IG FBP-1、IG F-1 mRNA的表达水平,这些指标协同作用于卵巢,能够促进卵泡的成熟,调节卵巢功能。     

舍饲肉用绵羊同期发情试验

选择神木县畜牧科技示范园种羊场1.5~3岁健康、中等以上膘情的四种繁殖母羊共600只,将其纯种萨福克羊和萨寒、陶细、德细二元杂交肉羊随机分为3个试验组和1个对照组。试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别用PG、阴道栓＋FSH和阴道栓＋PMSG处理,处理后96 h观察结果表明：Ⅰ组的四种羊同期发情率为：萨福克羊58.3%、德细52.9%、萨寒63.3%、陶细57.5%;Ⅱ组相应为：71.9%、78.1%、83.3%、82.1%;Ⅲ组相应为：85.7%、81.8%、87.1%、81.6%。试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组处理的母羊发情率均显著高于试验Ⅰ组（P〈0.05）,Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组之间母羊发情率差异不显著（P〉0.05）,试验组综合效果均极显著优于对照组。四种羊以萨寒羊同期发情率最高。三种处理的母羊受胎率差异均不显著（P〉0.05）。     

放牧率和放牧时期对绵羊排粪量、采食量和干物质消化率关系的影响

实验研究表明，绵羊在同一放牧时期，随着放牧率的增大，鲜粪量有所减少，粪中干物质含量有所增大，但只有处理1．33羊／hm2·138天与6．67羊／hm2·138天问存在显著性差异。在同一放牧率条件下，不同放牧时期相比，以8月份粪中干物质含量最低；在各种处理之间，放牧绵羊全天干粪量均无显著性的差异。在同一放牧时期，随着放牧率的增大日采食量显著减少，而同一放牧率不同放牧时期的日采食量保持相对稳定。粪便的干重与干物质采食量的关系很小，与干物质消化率呈负相关。放牧绵羊白天排粪量为晚上的2倍，但粪中干物质含量几乎没有差异，同时，不同放牧率和不同放牧时期对粪便的颜色和形状等均有较明显的影响。     

AR regulates porcine immature Sertoli cell growth via binding to RNF4 and miR-124a

Sertoli cells are the only somatic cells in the seminiferous epithelium which directly contact with germ cells. Sertoli cells exhibit polarized alignment at the basal membrane of seminiferous tubules to maintain the microenvironment for growth and development of germ cells, and therefore play a crucial role in spermatogenesis. Androgens exert their action through androgen receptor (AR) and AR signalling in the testis is essential for maintenance of spermatogonial numbers, blood–testis barrier integrity, completion of meiosis, adhesion of spermatids and spermiation. In the present study, we demonstrated that AR gene could promote the proliferation of immature porcine Sertoli cells (ST cells) and the cell cycle procession, and accelerate the transition from G1 phase into S phase in ST cells. Meanwhile, miR-124a could affect the proliferation and cell cycle procession of ST cells by targeting 3′-UTR of AR gene. Furthermore, AR bound to the RNF4 via AR DNA-binding domain (DBD) and we verified that RNF4 was necessary for AR to regulate the growth of ST cells. Above all, this study suggests that AR regulates ST cell growth via binding to RNF4 and miR-124a, which may help us to further understand the function of AR in spermatogenesis.     

两种木聚糖酶对黄羽肉鸡生长性能和养分代谢率的影响

试验旨在探讨不同来源木聚糖酶对黄羽肉鸡生长性能的影响。将1日龄健康黄羽肉鸡540羽,随机分成3组,每组6个重复,每重复30羽,试验期42 d。对照组饲喂小麦-玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,试验A、B组分别饲喂基础日粮中添加200 g/t木霉产木聚糖酶和200 g/t细菌产木聚糖酶的试验日粮,木聚糖酶酶活均为30 000 IU/g。结果表明,与对照组相比,试验A、B组的平均日增重和粗脂肪、粗纤维、钙、磷的表观代谢率及日粮表观代谢能均显著提高（P < 0.05）,料重比显著降低（P < 0.05）,粗蛋白质表观代谢率分别提高了5.90%（P < 0.05）和3.54%（P > 0.05）。试验A、B组之间各测定指标没有显著差异（P > 0.05） 。上述结果表明日粮中添加200 g/t木霉产木聚糖酶或细菌产木聚糖酶均能提高养分代谢率,改善肉鸡生长性能,木霉产木聚糖酶的效果稍好于细菌产木聚糖酶。     

Research onBiomass of Four Kinds of Honevsuckles in the Same Growth Condition

通过观察记录4种忍冬在同一生长环境下的生长量,结果表明：其在同一环境下冠幅生长董依次为l鞑靼忍冬〉长白忍冬〉台尔曼思冬〉葱皮忍冬;新梢生长量依次为：鞑靼忍冬〉葱皮忍冬〉长白忍冬〉台尔曼忍冬。     

生长激素释放肽及其生物学效应

生长激素释放肽(Ghrelin)是一种在动物体内广泛存在的生长激素促分泌素受体(GHSR)的内源性配体, Ghrelin与位于下丘脑的GHSR结合后,具有促进生长激素释放、增加食欲、调节消化系统功能及能量代谢等作用。文章就Ghrelin的结构、分布、生物学效应及在畜牧业上的应用前景等方面进行综述,以期促进Ghrelin的进一步深入研究。     

酶解豆粕对肉鸡生产性能和养分消化率的影响

本试验旨在研究微生物蛋白酶水解豆粕对1～21日龄肉鸡生长性能和养分消化率的影响。选择1日龄科宝母雏336只,随机分为4组,即对照组、试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组。对照组为玉米—豆粕型基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组分别以5%、10%和15%酶解豆粕替代对照组中等量的普通豆粕。试验结果表明,与对照组相比,试验组显著提高了肉鸡采食量（12%～21%）和增重（8%～16%）(P<0.05),降低料重比（3%～7%）(P<0.05);试验组对干物质、粗蛋白质、能量、钙和磷的消化率也具有显著的提高作用(P<0.05);各试验组之间,生产性能和干物质、粗蛋白质、钙消化率差异显著(P<0.05),但能量和磷的消化率差异不显著(P>0.05)。因此,豆粕经酶解改善了其蛋白质的营养价值,肉仔鸡日粮添加酶解豆粕可以提高肉鸡的生长性能和养分消化率。     

Effects of plane of nutrition on growth,feed intake,digestibility and nitrogen balance in Murrah graded male buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves in Nepal

An experiment was conducted using 17 male buffalo calves to assess the effects of plane of nutrition on dry matter intake (DMI), daily gain (DG), body size measurement, apparent digestibility and nitrogen (N) balance. To attain 250 kg BW, the calves were allocated into three groups: H, L‐H and L, receiving the concentrate at 1.50% of BW, 0.75% of BW until 190 kg BW and 1.50% thereafter and 0.75% of BW, respectively. The animals had ad libitum access to urea‐treated rice straw (UTRS). The DMI of UTRS through the experiment was higher in L and L‐H than H, showing 3.52, 2.90 and 2.62 kg/day, respectively (P < 0.01), but the total DMI did not differ among the treatment groups. The DG throughout the experiment was high in the order of H, L‐H and L, showing 0.72, 0.57 and 0.45 kg, respectively (P < 0.01). The digestibility of DM, organic matter, crude protein, neutral and acid detergent fiber and N retention were higher in H than in L (P < 0.05). The findings of this study thus revealed the greater DG has an advantage of shortening the growing period around 3 months, and consequently increasing benefit in fattening of buffalo calves in Nepal.