Allometric and ontogenetic patterns related to feeding of a neotropical fish, Satanoperca pappaterra (Perciformes, Cichlidae)

Abstract –  This study aims to analyse whether Satanoperca pappaterra changes its feeding habit throughout ontogenetic development, and whether morphological ontogenetic patterns are related to its feeding habit and food capture. We collected 258 individuals in the Cuiabá river basin (Brazil) for analyses. There was a weak relationship between diet and body size, as evidenced by size class and multivariate analyses, and niche breadth did not vary strongly during ontogenetic development. Eight morphometric variables were measured in each individual. We found an isometric relationship for mouth height and width, and for head length. We found positive allometry for snout length and body height in relation to body length, whereas this relationship for intestine length and eye diameter showed negative allometry. These results suggest that morphology and consequently diet vary weakly during ontogenetic development of S. pappaterra .     

克雷伯氏菌胞外多糖的制备与组成分析

利用不同血清型的克雷伯氏菌Klebsiella菌株液体发酵,制备胞外多糖,并采用气相色谱和化学分析方法分析胞外多糖的化学组成。结果表明,菌株K26产胞外多糖的能力最高,培养48h和72h的产量分别为3.11mg/ml和3.89mg/ml;各实验菌株的胞外多糖的单糖组成包括甘露糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖。     

Cloning and analysis of cross-intron genomic gene encoding ACO in Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.

The last step of ethylene biosynthesis in higher plants is to convert 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) to ethylene by ACC oxidase (ACO). In our investigation, a cross-introns genomic DNA gene encoding ACC oxidase, PsgACO, was isolated from Paeonia suffruticosa. It revealed that PsgACO (FJ855434) has 1281 bases, containing four exons and three introns, encoding 312 amino acids. The four exons stretched from 1 to 105, 217 to 434, 592 to 925 and 1000 to 1281 bases. A splicing junction sequence of all the exon-introns conformed to the GT-AG rule in the cross-intron genomic DNA sequence of the ACO gene. PsgACO showed high homology to many characterized ACC oxidases both at the nucleic acid and amino acid levels. As well, twelve amino acid residues were conserved among many ACOs from other species. A phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that the amino acid of ACOs is quite conserved among the different eudicots. The phylogenetic tree showed that both the tree peony and herbaceous peony are quite isolated taxa. Bioinformatic analysis showed that the molecular weight of ACO is 35.29 kD, with a theoretical pI of 5.25. It is a non-secrete, stable hydrophilic protein, located in the cytoplasm.     

某引水隧洞围岩变形探讨

某引水隧洞主要采用双护盾式TBM施工。在穿越高埋深的区域性断裂带时,采用绕行导坑人工钻爆法施工。本文对采用绕行导坑的围岩变形情况进行分析,指出在隧洞开挖过程中围岩变形的时间效应,为修改设计与指导施工提供理论依据。     

二十二份毛花猕猴桃种质资源果实品质的主成分分析与综合评价

为了更好地了解毛花猕猴桃种质资源的多样性,测定了浙江省丽水市境内22份毛花猕猴桃种质的8个品质指标,进行了变异分析、主成分分析、聚类分析和综合评价。结果表明,果实品质指标差异较大,单果质量的变异系数最大(38%);果实横径的变异系数最小(11%);聚类分析结果表明,22份毛花猕猴桃种质可以分为两大类,其中第一类种质果实的可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸含量、维生素C含量均高于第二类,第二类种质果实的固酸比稍高于第一类;主成分分析表明,前三个主成分贡献率达85.04%,可综合反映果实品质信息;综合评价结果显示,LD-18、L-74、L-27、L-19、L-73这5个单株果实综合性状表现优良。综上所述,丽水市境内毛花猕猴桃种质资源果实性状具有丰富的多样性,为新品种的选育和果实品质改良提供了重要的参考依据。     

香蕉GAPDH基因家族的生物信息学及转录表达分析

从香蕉基因组数据库和NCBI数据库中检索香蕉GAPDH基因家族的所有成员,并采用生物信息学方法对其进行亚细胞定位、进化树分析和保守结构域预测。克隆测序发现,巴西蕉内的GAPDH基因家族成员序列与小果野蕉基因组数据库中提供的序列基本一致,同源性超过98%。转录表达分析表明,GAPDH基因家族成员在巴西蕉不同器官的表达模式多样:MaGAPCP1,MaGAPC6/8/10/11成组成型表达,其余的基因则在各组织器官间成差异型表达,且差异型表达的基因在不同组织器官中表达模式也不相同,组成型表达的基因在不同组织器官中表达模式虽相同,但表达量有差异。GAPDH基因家族成员在表达模式上的多样化,可能暗示其功能的多样化,这种多样化可能是在进化过程中为适应环境而出现的功能分化或冗余。结果为进一步研究GAPDH基因家族成员在香蕉生长、发育,非生物胁迫,果实后熟等重要生物学过程中的功能奠定基础。     

热辣2号辣椒纯度鉴定及优良自交系遗传多样性分析

为了提高种子质量和充分利用辣椒种质资源,应用SSR分子标记对热辣2号杂交种纯度进行鉴定并对部分辣椒优良自交系进行遗传多样性分析。以热辣2号母本材料CAYB02和父本材料CAYB01为模板筛选85对辣椒SSR引物,其中12对引物在亲本间能扩增出明显的多态性,多态性比率为14.12%,多态性标记分别位于辣椒1、3、4、6、7、9、11、12号染色体,利用3对位于不同染色体上的SSR标记对热辣2号黄灯笼椒杂交种的纯度进行鉴定,热辣2号种子纯度为98.79%,标记鉴定结果与田间鉴定结果一致。研究结果表明,利用SSR标记鉴定辣椒杂交种纯度是切实可行的。利用12对多态性明显、稳定可靠的SSR引物对部分辣椒自交系进行遗传多样性分析,共扩增出60条条带,多态性位点比率为100%,平均每对引物检测出5个等位基因。30份辣椒自交系间遗传相似系数变幅为0.33~1.00,平均为0.65,表明供试材料间具有丰富的遗传多样性。聚类分析结果表明,在遗传相似系数为0.47时,可以将中国辣椒和一年生辣椒区分开来。在遗传相似系数为0.85时,30份辣椒优良自交系分为11个类群,辣椒种质遗传关系与地理来源和农艺性状具有一定的相关性。     

海南热带花卉产业现状调查报告

海南省花卉市场发展动态、走向,公司和主要种植品种情况、销售情况及现阶段主要存在问题等。录调查信息,最后对发展海南花卉产业中存在的问题提出了建议,花卉产业的生产、贸易、消费的现状进行描述,并对我国花卉产业发展前景进行分析。     

Multivariate analysis and genetic diversity for morphometric and root textural quality traits in ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Dunal)

Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) is an important medicinal plant and its dried roots are used in traditional systems of medicine. The market price of roots is determined by physical (textural) quality. Brittle roots with high starch and low fiber are considered to be superior because of ease in grinding. Genetic diversity studies based on root textural parameters have not been done so far. So the present study was designed to assess genetic diversity for morphometric traits and root textural quality parameters among two morphologically distinct groups: Poshita and Nagore. The PCA separated the morphometric and root texture variables distinctly into two different principal components: PC-1 and PC-2 respectively, indicating that both are negatively associated. All the morphotypes in Poshita group showed high positive loadings in PC-1 indicating that component genotypes are high root yielding. Nagore morphotypes were low yielding but the root texture was good. Clustering of morphotypes grouped Poshita and Nagore separately with high inter-cluster distances indicating that both groups are highly divergent from each other, suggesting that there is sufficient scope for varietal improvement through hybridization.     

辣椒几丁质酶类基因家族的全基因组鉴定和表达特征分析

几丁质酶（chitinase, EC 3.2.1.14）是一种降解几丁质的糖苷酶,在植物应对非生物和生物胁迫中起重要作用。本研究对辣椒几丁质酶类（Capsicum annuum chitinase-like, CaCTL）基因家族成员进行了全基因组注释、进化分析和基因表达模式分析。从最新的辣椒基因组数据库中鉴定出31个CaCTL成员。根据系统发育进化树将这些成员分为GH18和GH19亚家族,并进一步分为5个亚类（Ⅰ~Ⅴ类）。保守基序分析结果表明,每个亚类中的成员存在功能相关性。对辣椒、矮牵牛以及番茄的CTL基因家族成员同源性分析表明,在矮牵牛和番茄中分别有7个和11个辣椒CaCTL的同源基因。通过qRT-PCR分析发现,在正常环境生长的辣椒植株中,64.2%的GH18亚家族的CaCTL成员表达水平很低,有64.7%的GH19亚家族成员在不同组织中存在差异表达。顺式作用元件分析表明,CaCTL成员启动子区域存在许多激素反应以及生物和非生物应激相关元件。当植物遭受不同的非生物胁迫时,qRT-PCR结果显示,多数CaCTL成员表达上调。当植物遭受高温干旱条件时,多个CaCTL成员的表达上调明显。上述结果丰富了CTL基因家族进化的研究,为探索CaCTL成员的功能提供了数据基础。