降低人造板热压机液压系统油液污染的探讨

车间粉尘与湖湿空气是人造板热压机液压系统油液外界污染的主要原因，通过构筑封闭式泵房，增设辅助油箱，改变没箱底部结构，设置排污，排水装置，可有效降低人造板热压机液压系统油液污染，改善液压系统性能，提高压机工作效率。     

基于植被降水利用效率的荒漠化遥感评价方法

 在考虑荒漠化评价的空间尺度和基准以及潜在评价指标的尺度特征的基础上,以国内外对土地荒漠化过程中植被降水利用效率(RUE)变化的研究为依据,提出一种以植被的降水利用效率为主要评价指标、适合于荒漠化遥感监测应用的荒漠化评价方法。该方法可很大程度上克服以植被指标为主的评价方法受降水波动影响大的缺点。这种方法重视不同荒漠化类型的共性特征,适合在多种类型荒漠化遥感评价中应用。     

Annual Energy Consumption and Feasibility Assessment of Ground -Source Heat Pump in Residential Building in Fuzhou City

This paper describes the annual energy consumption and economic assessment of air-source heat pump(ASHP) and ground-source heat pump(GSHP),based on hourly building load of typical house in Fuzhou.Analysis results show that the energy consumption of GSHP is 15% less than that of ASHP through all year,where there is 13% less in summer and 20% less in winter.Although the seasonal energy efficiency ratio of GSHP in Fuzhou is higher than that of ASHP,it has no obvious effect on the energy efficiency as it is in the hot summer and cold winter zone.In comparison with ASHP,the GSHP is not cost-effective.     

青海湖流域植被的净初级生产力估算

[目的]定量估算青海湖流域2001—2011年草地净初级生产力(net primary productivity,NPP),查明其时空演化特征,为流域草地可持续利用与生态建设及相关的政策制订提供科学依据。[方法]选取陆地生态系统碳循环模型(CASA模型),逐像元模拟2001—2011年青海湖流域草地生态系统NPP的时空变化。[结果](1)2001—2011年青海湖流域草地年均NPP为1.12×1013g/a,单位面积平均值为168.03g/(m2·a);(2)NPP在空间分布上呈现东南高,西北低的格局,这与流域水热因子在空间上的分布一致。近11a流域草地年均NPP总体呈上升趋势,年增加率约为1.74g/(m2·a),湖区北部、东部为主要增加区域;(3)青海湖流域草地NPP具有明显的季节变化特征,7月草地NPP达到最高,1月NPP最低。其中5—9月生长季草地的NPP占到了全年的90.40%。[结论]所选模型模拟精度较高,能够较好地反映流域NPP的空间分布规律和时间变化特征。可以认为改进后的CASA模型在气候资料稀缺的该地区进行模拟是可行的。     

Assessment of a point‐of‐care cardiac troponin I test to differentiate cardiac from noncardiac causes of respiratory distress in dogs

Objectives – To (1) determine a reference interval for cardiac troponin I (cTnI) using a point‐of‐care device in normal dogs and compare the results with those published by the manufacturer and (2) determine if cTnI differs among dogs with cardiogenic and noncardiogenic respiratory distress. Design – Prospective observational study. Setting – Emergency and referral veterinary hospital. Animals – Twenty‐six clinically normal dogs and 67 dogs in respiratory distress. Interventions – All dogs underwent whole blood sampling for cTnI concentrations. Measurements and Results – Normal dogs had a median cTnI concentration of 0.03 ng/mL (range 0–0.11 ng/mL). Thirty‐six dogs were diagnosed with noncardiogenic respiratory distress with a median cTnI concentration of 0.14 ng/mL (range 0.01–4.31 ng/mL). Thirty‐one dogs were diagnosed with cardiogenic respiratory distress with a median cTnI concentration of 1.74 ng/mL (range 0.05–17.1 ng/mL). A significant difference between cTnI concentrations in normal dogs and dogs with noncardiogenic respiratory distress was not detected. Significant differences in cTnI concentrations were found between normals versus cardiogenic and cardiogenic versus noncardiogenic respiratory distress groups. Significant differences in cTnI concentrations were identified in >10 when compared with the <5 and the 5–10 years of age groups. Receiver operating curve analysis identified cTnI concentrations >1.5 ng/mL as the optimal “cut‐off point” having a sensitivity of 78% and specificity of 51.5%. The area under the receiver operating curve was 0.72. Overall test accuracy was 65%. Conclusions – cTnI concentrations were significantly increased in dogs with cardiogenic respiratory distress versus dogs with noncardiogenic respiratory distress and normal dogs. A significant difference between normal dogs and dogs with noncardiogenic causes of respiratory distress was detected. Although highly sensitive when cTnI concentrations exceed 1.5 ng/mL, the test has low specificity. Assessment of cTnI by the methodology used cannot be recommended as the sole diagnostic modality for evaluating the cause of respiratory distress in dogs.     

城市空气质量评价中的模糊支持向量机方法

传统的评价方法不能处理带有模糊信息的城市空气质量的评价问题。基于结构风险最小化原则建立了带有模糊信息的支持向量分类模型和算法,在此基础上提出基于模糊支持向量机的城市空气质量评价方法;根据空气中的总悬浮颗粒物、二氧化硫、二氧化氮、空气综合污染指数4个指标,对我国50个主要城市2003年空气质量进行了综合评价,选择10个城市的评价结果进行了测试,结果表明:根据2003年数据采用本方法得到的邢台、张家口和沧州的空气污染指数与河北省环保专家提供的数据误差小于0.1;西宁、银川、乌鲁木齐、汕头、南京、大连、武汉的综合空气污染指数与国家环保总局提供的数据误差均小于0.5。     

太阳能提高温室地温装置研究

[目的]提高冬季夜间日光温室的土壤温度,研制内置式太阳能加温装置.[方法]利用蛇形太阳能空气集热器集热结合土壤蓄热的方式,在乌鲁木齐南郊水西沟村德力森蔬菜园8号温室进行了提升地温试验.[结果]当环境温度为-3～- 10℃时,该装置可以使温室土壤10 ～ 20 cm深处的温度平均升高1.5～3℃.[结论]内置式太阳能加温装置能有效提高冬季夜间温室地温,满足作物生长的需要.     

Storage of biomass and net primary productivity in desert shrubland of Artemisia ordosica on Ordos Plateau of Inner Mongolia, China

Biomass and net primary productivity （NPP） are two important parameters in determining ecosystem carbon pool and carbon sequestration. The biomass storage and NPP in desert shrubland of Artemisia ordosica on Ordos Plateau were investigated with method of harvesting standard size shrub in the growing season （June-October） of 2006. Results indicated that above- and belowground biomass of the same size shrubs showed no significant variation in the growing season （p〉0.1）, but annual biomass varied significantly （p〈 0.01）. In the A. ordosica community, shrub biomass storage was 699.76-1246.40 g.m^-2 and annual aboveground NPP was 224.09 g-m^-2·a^-1. Moreover, shrub biomass and NPP were closely related with shrub dimensions （cover and height） and could be well predicted by shrub volume using power regression.     

空气温湿度对小麦光合作用的影响

对田间环境不同水分处理光合速率、蒸腾速率、叶片水分利用率和气孔导度的分析表明,增加土壤含水量有助于缓解空气高温低湿对小麦光合作用的胁迫。气温对蒸腾的促进作用随土壤含水量提高而得到加强,湿度降低对蒸腾的促进作用随土壤含水量提高而得到抑制。随着土壤含水量的增加,叶片水分利用率向高温低湿方向移动,低温低湿对气孔导度的抑制效应愈加明显。综合比较这几个指标,使叶片既能保持最高光合速率又能维持较高叶片水分利用率的土壤含水量为0.22 g/g。     

RADIOGRAPHIC CHARACTERIZATION OF PRIMARY LUNG TUMORS IN 74 DOGS

Primary pulmonary neoplasia is well recognized in dogs and prognosis depends upon the tumor type. The purpose of this retrospective study was to characterize the radiographic appearance of different primary lung tumors with the goal of establishing imaging criteria to separate the different types. Three‐view thoracic radiographs of 74 dogs with histologically confirmed pulmonary anaplastic carcinoma (n = 2), adenocarcinoma (n = 31), bronchioalveolar carcinoma (n = 19), histiocytic sarcoma (n = 21), and squamous cell carcinoma (n = 1) were evaluated. Radiographs were assessed for tumor volume, affected lobe, location within lobe, overall pulmonary pattern, presence of cavitation, mineralization, air bronchograms, lymphadenomegaly, and pleural fluid. Histiocytic sarcomas were significantly larger than other tumor types (271 cm³; P = 0.009) and most likely to be found in the left cranial (38%; 8/21) and right middle (43%; 9/21) lung lobes, whereas adenocarcinomas were most likely to be found in the left caudal (29%; 9/31) lung lobe. Fifty‐seven percent (12/21) of histiocytic sarcomas had an internal air bronchogram. Findings indicate that a large mass in the periphery or affecting the whole lobe of the right middle or left cranial lung lobe with an internal air bronchogram is likely to be an histiocytic sarcoma.