Effect of Psammaplin A on in vitro Development of Bovine Aging Oocytes

To investigate the effect of histone deacetylation inhibitor Psammaplin A (PsA) on the development of bovine aging oocytes in vitro,oocytes were randomly divided into control group,aging group and 50 mmol/L PsA treated aging group (PsA group).Immunofluorescence staining and JC-1 were used to detect the blastocyst rate of bovine oocytes after parthenogenetic activation,the number of cells in blastocysts,apoptosis,reactive oxygen species (ROS),glutathione (GSH) and mitochondrial membrane potential intensity of embryos.The results showed that the blastocyst rate of the aging group was significantly lower than that of PsA and control groups (P<0.05).The blastocyst rate of PsA group was not significantly different from that of control group (P>0.05).The number of cells in the blastocysts of control group and PsA group were significantly higher than that of aging group (P<0.05).The number of cells in the blastocysts of PsA group was not significantly different from that of control group (P>0.05).The apoptosis rate in aging group was significantly higher than that of control and PsA groups (P<0.05),the apoptosis rate of PsA group was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05).The GSH level of MⅡ oocytes in aging group was significantly lower than that of control and PsA groups (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in GSH level between control and PsA groups (P>0.05).The ROS level of the embryos in aging group was significantly higher than that of control and PsA groups (P<0.05).The ROS level in PsA group was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05).The mitochondrial membrane potential of early embryos of aging group 4-8 cells was significantly lower than that of control and PsA groups (P<0.05).The mitochondrial membrane potential intensity of control group was significantly higher than that of PsA group (P<0.05).In summary,PsA could effectively delay the aging of bovine oocytes and improve the quality of oocytes.     

公司治理、管理者动机与衍生金融工具使用

基于中国上市公司2007~2013年财务数据，研究公司治理对管理者使用衍生金融工具的影响，并结合中国制度背景，深入分析和检验企业产权、政策监管对公司治理效应的影响。实证结果表明，公司治理对管理者使用衍生金融工具的动机存在重要影响，公司治理水平越高，管理者越倾向于利用衍生金融工具避免财务困境风险；相反，管理者越倾向于利用衍生金融工具规避薪酬风险。研究还发现，公司治理的作用机制会受到所有权性质的影响，国有控制属性会弱化公司治理效应，对衍生金融工具交易的政策监管差异是重要原因。     

中国信用风险缓释工具创新试点最新进展研究

信用风险缓释工具是中国银行间市场2010年创新试点推出的信用风险管理工具，它将短期融资券、中期票据和贷款等信用产品的信用风险剥离定价，并转移给愿意承担风险的投资者，其推出从根本上改变了商业银行等金融机构信用风险管理的传统特征。通过对信用风险缓释工具试点中投资主体培育、市场定价、做市商机制、信息披露、市场外部环境建设等问题进行研究，有利于信用缓释工具功能的充分发挥，有利于完善债券市场信用风险分担机制、有利于商业银行等投资者动态、专业地管理信用风险。     

Optimum Soil Water Content for Chickpea Emergence in Heavy‐Textured Soils of North‐West Bangladesh

Sowing of chickpea in the heavy‐textured soils of north‐west Bangladesh with minimum tillage technology aims to increase the timely planting of large areas during a relatively short sowing window before soil water deficit limits germination and emergence. However, the seedbed conditions into which chickpea is sown need to be better quantified, so that limiting factors which affect germination and emergence can be identified. Two of the soil physical characteristics of importance are soil water and aeration. Growth cabinet studies have identified the fastest germination and emergence of chickpea on representative soils for this area at gravimetric water contents of 17–18 %, whilst soil water contents above and below this delayed germination and emergence. Emergence was recorded at soil water potentials between field capacity (?10 kPa) and wilting point (?1500 kPa). Emergence was possible at lower soil water potentials in the finer textured soil, whilst in coarser textured soil, emergence was still possible at higher soil water potentials.     

基于企业社会责任的可持续供应链风险评价——以汽车行业为例

现代企业的竞争由企业间品牌竞争转向为供应链之间的竞争，可持续供应链管理中企业承担社会责任，是提高企业竞争优势、顺应社会责任指南标准化趋势的必然要求。可持续供应链中企业社会责任的复杂性、因果关系暧昧性和历史变化性使得社会责任实践存在一些困难。为了对可持续供应链管理中企业的社会责任进行有效治理，我们得在可持续供应链中纳入企业社会责任共同治理标准，对企业社会责任进行风险评价、监督与管理。     

基于案例推理的产品质量安全风险评估研究

为了建立健全产品质量安全风险管理体系，加强产品质量安全风险预警的要求，同时最大程度地利用过去成功的风险评估案例，构建了基于案例推理的产品质量安全风险评估系统。针对某种产品，根据专家的知识建立风险评估指标体系，并将每个评估指标赋权重，计算与案例库中的各个案例相似度，寻找出最大相似度案例，据此，辅助相关人员对目标案例进行风险分析与评估。     

高校辅导员在学生管理中如何防范法律风险

辅导员是学生在校学习期间的管理者和责任人,学生在校期间发生法律纠纷都与辅导员有着间接关系。在传统的高校学生管理过程中,辅导员只是强调了自身对学生的管理权,却忽略了自身可能承担的法律风险,很容易成为法律风险的承担者。随着社会法律体制的不断发展和完善,人们对法律的理解也越来越全面,对法律责任的追究也越来越熟悉,所以在高校学生管理过程中,辅导员应该加强学生管理,提高自身的法律意识,将学生管理的法律风险降到最低。     

NaCl胁迫对白蜡种子生理特性的影响

为了给盐碱地造林树种选择提供依据,以采自秦皇岛和保定的白蜡种子为试材,采用不同浓度的NaCl胁迫处理,研究了其萌发过程中发芽率、细胞膜透性、保护酶活性、丙二醛MDA的变化,结果表明:(1)随着NaCl胁迫浓度的增加,两地白蜡种子发芽率均呈现逐渐降低的变化趋势,秦皇岛各处理的白蜡种子发芽率分别比对照降低了8.9%、52.6%、56.3%、61.6%、87.9%、91.1%,而保定的白蜡种子分别比对照降低20.2%、56.2%、68.7%、86.5%、89.9%、100.0%;(2)随着浓度的升高,种子的相对电导值、K+、Na+渗透率升高,种子的SOD酶活性降低,MDA含量增加,NaCl胁迫浓度越高,种子所受到的伤害越深;(3)0.20%浓度的NaCl胁迫对白蜡种子萌发影响不大。对于不同种源的白蜡种子,秦皇岛的白蜡种子抗盐性要优于保定的白蜡种子。     

Prevention and Controlling Effect of Intercropping on Pests and Diseases and Its Risk Control in Cotton Fields

Cotton is one of the major field crops which are seriously threatened by pests and diseases. In recent years, the ecological management of cotton pests and diseases with intercropping has become to be an interesting approach. Intercropping possibly increases the population of natural enemies and finally reduces the population density of pests as a result of changes in ecological structure and environmental conditions of farmland. Intercropping thus has been considered an important alternative in controlling pests and diseases. However, cotton field intercropping also has some limitations in controlling pests and diseases. Unreasonable intercropping system has many risks such as increasing labor input, increasing the difficulty of pests’ control, and aggravating pests and diseases. In this paper, the effects and the underlying mechanisms of cotton intercropping on cotton pests and diseases were reviewed. The possible risks and countermeasures used for ecological control of intercropping were also put forward, and the future and application of ecological management of cotton pests and diseases with intercropping were prospected.