Wheat Straw Biochar Increases Potassium Concentration,Root Density,and Yield of Faba Bean in a Sandy Loam Soil

ABSTRACT

A greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the effect of different irrigation levels (100%, 75%, and 50% of water requirement) and wheat straw biochar levels (0%, 1.25%, 2.5%, 3.75%, and 5% w/w) on faba bean yield, water productivity, root length density, and different ions concentration in soil solution, using a factorial arrangement in complete randomized design with three replications. Results showed that application of high level of biochar (5% w/w) destroyed the plants before they reached maturity. The maximum yield was obtained in 1.25% w/w biochar under full irrigation, while the maximum water productivity was obtained in 2.5% w/w biochar and 50% of water requirement. Further, the root length density in soil top layer (0–8 cm) was significantly more than those in 8–16 cm, due to holding more water content in top layer and no drainage from the pots. Sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium ions’ concentrations in soil solution were significantly increased by increasing biochar levels; however, the rate of increase in potassium was higher than other ions due to high potassium concentration in biochar in comparison with the soil. In conclusion, application of biochar in the level of 1.25% w/w is suggested as a suitable agent to decrease water consumption and improving the crop performance.     

Incidence of chocolate spot (Pseudomonas syringae), northern corn leaf blight (Helminthosporium turcicum), and lodging of corn as influenced by soil fertility

Abstract

Applied N and soil test K were negatively correlated with the incidence of Chocolate Spot (CS). Applied N was also negatively correlated with Northern Corn Leaf Blight (NCLB), but no relationship existed between soil test K and this disease. Levels of exchangeable K above 170 lbs/acre essentially eliminated the CS infection. Lodging of corn was positively correlated with applied N and negatively correlated with soil test K. Levels of soil test K above 170 lbs/acre markedly reduced the amount of lodging. Six different hybrids were included in this study. The hybrids showed significant differences in the incidence of the CS disease. Multiple regression equations indicated that corn yield:, were maximized at a level of 160 lbs/acre of applied N and a soil test of approximately 280 lbs/acre of K.     

肉种鸽高锰酸钾饮水中毒的诊治

高锰酸钾0．1％～0．15％稀释液连续饲喂肉种鸽2d可致蓄积中毒。通过投喂高糖奶粉液等紧急抢救措施和采取保护疗法，3d后，除19只中毒特别严重鸽死亡外，其它病鸽基本康复，治愈保护率达98％以上。     

不同肥料组合对东方百合种球繁育的影响

本实验采用4种肥料组合并以不施肥为对照,对东方百合进行追施。研究不同肥料组合对东方百合种球生长的影响,结果表明,追施N、K肥料组合最有利于种球周径的膨大,重量的增加。     

高等学校专业课实验教学绩效评价体系探讨——以土壤肥料学实验教学评价为例

分析了大学实验教学绩效评价的思路、原则、方法和土壤肥料学实验教学特点的基础上,提出了一套高等学校专业课实验教学绩效评价指标体系及评测方法,以期对高等学校建立健全对学生实验绩效评价体系提供参考。     

肥料增效剂配合氮、鳞、钾肥施用提高肥料利用率盘栽试验浅析

为使氮、磷、钾施肥利用率提高，进行了肥料增效剂配合氮、磷、钾施肥试验，结果表明：在同等施肥条件下，加施肥料增效剂能提高稻谷产量3．69％；植株的每蔸有效穗、每穗总粒数、结实率均有所增加，生物产量增加；对氮、磷、钾吸收量增加。     

平川水地冬小麦钾肥适宜用量试验

分析了在含钾不同的土壤上增施不同量钾肥的试验数据,得出平川水地冬小麦钾肥的适宜用量,并提出了施用钾肥的建议。     

Influence of municipal compost on temperature, water, nutrient status and the yield of maize in a temperate soil

Abstract. Composted domestic waste was applied either as a mulch or was incorporated into the topsoil. Mulching reduced the seasonal midday soil temperature ranges from between 14 °C and 27.5 °C to between 14 °C and 26 °C, averaging a 0.6 °C fall. However, at sub-optimal temperatures for maize production under the temperate conditions of South East England, the difference may be critical. Compost mulch also improved soil-water conservation in an average year, but not in a very dry year. Compost application increased soil-available N, but increased K uptake was considered to be more important for crop yield than either N additions or the effect on retained soil water. Overall, compost applied as a surface mulch, or incorporated into medium-textured soils in the south and east of England increased crop yield.     

马铃薯追施钾肥增产效果的研究

通过2年试验,研究了马铃薯追施钾肥对产量及相关性状的影响。结果证明,追施钾肥能明显提高马铃薯的产量、淀粉含量,提高生育后期叶片叶绿素含量的光合强度。不同时期追施钾肥的效果不同,以现蕾初期追施钾肥效果最佳。     

SPSS软件在肥效试验数据分析中的应用

利用统计软件SPSS，对肥效试验的数据进行随机区组设计分析、裂区区组设计分析，应用该软件能使较为繁琐的统计过程变为更简单、直接、准确。