不同氮源对黑松幼苗根-土界面无机磷形态转化及有效性的影响

用根垫-冰冻切片法研究不同氮源对石灰性潮土中黑松幼苗根-土界面无机磷形态转化及有效性的影响。结果表明:铵态氮(NH4+-N)处理后幼苗根-土界面pH值较对照处理明显降低,而硝态氮(NO3--N)处理后幼苗根-土界面pH值较对照处理升高,不同氮源引起的幼苗根-土界面pH值变动的幅度取决于氮源的质量分数。铵态氮处理明显降低了幼苗根-土界面Ca2-P,Fe-P和Al-P质量分数,100,200和400mg·kg-1的铵态氮处理后,距根表0～1mm处Ca2-P较土体亏缺率分别为37.1%,45.9%和57.7%,Fe-P较土体亏缺率分别为23.4%,29.1%和38.2%,Al-P较土体亏缺率分别为25.1%,28.0%和33.2%;硝态氮处理增加了幼苗根-土界面Ca2-P,Fe-P和Al-P质量分数,但不显著。铵态氮与硝态氮处理后幼苗根-土界面Ca8-P的亏缺程度较对照分别加大或降低,但不明显。铵态氮与硝态氮处理后幼苗根-土界面Ca10-P和O-P质量分数较对照处理变化很小。铵态氮引起的黑松幼苗根-土界面pH值的降低,促进了幼苗根-土界面处无机磷的形态转化,提高了根-土界面无机磷的生物有效性,显著增加了根系对磷的吸收。     

Genetic transformation of loblolly pine using mature zygotic embryo explants by Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Introduction1Genetictransformationinconifershasthepotentialtoallowtheselectiveimprovementofindividualtraitsinelitecloneswhilestillmaintainingtheexistingcombinationofgenesresponsibleforthesuperiorphenotype(Charestetal.1991;Jamesetal.1996;Walteretal.1999).Atpresent,althoughconsiderableresearchefforthasbeendevotedtothegeneticengineeringofconiferspecies(Sederoffetal.1986;Bekkauoietal.1988,1990;Robertsonetal.1992;Bomminenietal.1993;Shinetal.1994;Klimaszewskaetal.1997),ithaslaggedbehindadvancesma…     

转甜菜碱醛脱氢酶基因马铃薯的抗旱耐盐性

通过根癌农杆菌介导法将甜菜碱醛脱氢酶(BADH)基因导入马铃薯栽培品种甘农薯2号, 经PCR、Southern杂交和Northern杂交证明BADH基因已整合到马铃薯基因组中并在转基因植株中转录和表达。测定表明对照植株没有BADH酶活性, 各转化株系在胁迫前后BADH酶活性近似, 在2~11 U之间。BADH酶活性与叶片的相对电导率呈一定的负相关(y= –3.7738x+57.083, r=0.989^**)。在NaCl和PEG胁迫下, 转基因植株生长正常, 株高比对照提高0.41~1.00 cm, 单株重量比对照增加10%~35%, 说明外源BADH基因的导入提高了马铃薯植株对干旱和盐碱的抗性。     

反义PSY基因植物表达载体的构建及其对中国水仙的转化

实验从中国水仙花瓣中分离得到该基因的572bp的片段，将该片段反向连接到pCAMBIA1301双元载体质粒上，得到CaMV 35S组成型启动子的表达载体pCAM35S-PSY，用“冻融法”将pCAM35S-PSY质粒转入农杆菌LBA4404和EHA105两个菌株中。PCR扩增和酶切鉴定结果表明，所构建的反义表达载体pCAM35S-PSY是正确的并已经成功导入农杆菌中。随后，按照业已建立的遗传转化体系对中国水仙进行了遗传转化，得到了转基因抗性芽。     

中国木材产业规模化经营的战略性思考

归纳了规模经济效应与产业成长的关系,分析了木材产业规模化经营对产业变革的意义;通过对中国木材产业规模化经营现状的分析,指出了当前所存在的问题;最后,就如何实现中国木材产业的规模化经营进行了战略设计,并提出了战略实施的相关支持性条件.     

国槐苯丙氨酸解氨酶基因的克隆、反义表达载体构建及遗传转化

根据其它植物PAL基因的保守区域,设计一对兼并引物,采用RT-PCR方法从国槐中克隆了一个长866 bp的PAL基因片段,命名为SjPAL.序列分析发现SjPAL多肽与其它植物的PAL氨基酸序列高度同源(87%以上),且包含与水稻和拟南芥的PAL类似的活性位点.系统进化树分析表明SjPAL与豆科植物的PAL亲缘关系较近.RT-PCR结果显示,SjPAL在根和茎的表达量约为叶中的3倍.利用反义RNA技术将SjPAL基因克隆至植物表达载体pBI121,构建了SjPAL反义RNA植物表达载体pBI121-PAL,通过根癌农杆菌EHA105将其导入拟南芥基因组,对获得的抗性植株进行PCR鉴定、Northern杂交分析、PAL活性分析以及总多酚含量和类黄酮含量分析.结果表明,该反义RNA已整合到拟南芥基因组中,转基因拟南芥的PAL基因表达量、单位材料PAL活性、总多酚含量和类黄酮含量均显著低于野生型对照.本研究为下一步利用该基因反义表达载体转化国槐,通过调节酚类物质含量提高其在再生体系中的生根能力提供了试验依据.     

Soil solution chemistry at different positions on slope in a conifer plantation forest

It is known that soil property varies along the slope. It suggests that soil solution chemistry also differs topographically. To determine the variation in soil solution chemistry within one watershed, soil solution chemistry at the different positions of the slope was investigated. Soil N transformation changed along the slope. NH₄ ⁺ ratio to inorganic N (NH₄ ⁺ + NO₃ ⁻) increased upslope. The tendency was verified by laboratory incubation. After incubation most of the mineralized N was nitrified at the lower part of the slope, while little nitrification occurred at the upper part of the slope. At the ridge and the backslope inorganic N form in soil solution was concomitant with inorganic N form by incubation. At the ridge NH₄ ⁺ was predominant form in soil solution, at that time major anion was sea salt originated Cl⁻. From this, soil solution chemistry seems to be regulated by the external nutrient source at the ridge. In the second year of lysimeter installation NO₃ ⁻ concentration increased in both sites and the ratio of NH₄ ⁺ to inorganic N decreased. It was considered due to the effect of lysimeter installation. The lag time and the magnitude of NO₃ ⁻ increase were different between the ridge and the backslope. It would be related with soil N transformation in pre-disturbance. The influence of disturbance were shown in other solute concentrations of soil solution.     

砼结构开裂原因分析及预防

该文简要说明了产生砼结构开裂原因及预防方法，分析了一些施工工艺技术引起的结构开裂因素及控制措施。     

发根农杆菌Ri质粒的研究和利用

本文综述了作为遗传转化高等植物载体的发根农杆菌Ri质粒,在其结构、功能及用作基因导入方面的研究进展,并讨论了被转化植物的利用策略。     

水稻线粒体nad5基因超表达载体的构建和遗传转化

以TRIzol法提取的水稻幼苗总RNA反转录的cDNA为模板,以重组PCR技术扩增得到nad5的ORF,构建含有线粒体信号肽Rf1b5’的nad5双元超表达载体pCAMBIA1305.1::35S::Rf1b5’::nad5,以农杆菌介导的愈伤组织侵染法进行水稻遗传转化。克隆得到的水稻nad5基因大小为2 013 bp,构建了携带线粒体信号肽Rf1b5’的nad5植物表达载体,并成功获得了超表达nad5基因的阳性植株。