温升与横向力作用下圆板跳跃的有限元数值模拟

采用ANSYS程序计算了热力联合作用下圆板的轴对称跳跃规律,得到了用板中心挠度表示的跳跃过程和跳跃后临界挠度温升和临界横载温升关系。结果表明,临界挠度与温升或临界横载与温升都呈非线性递增关系。     

甘薯磨锉机中筛板作用分析

甘薯磨锉机具有淀粉提取率高、结构简单和功耗低等优点、其结构上主要特点之一是增加了筛板。本文通过对甘薯力学特性试验和筛面压力测试试验结果的分析,研究了甘薯磨锉过程。结果表明,筛板的主要功能为;限制过筛物料粒径和增加对物料的破碎作用。     

适宜电子束辐照延长醉泥螺货架期及蛋白质保持

为探明电子束辐照对醉泥螺的杀菌效果及辐照后醉泥螺感官品质与蛋白质营养价值的变化,为生食醉泥螺的辐照保鲜应用提供理论依据。以生食醉泥螺为研究材料,研究不同剂量电子束辐照对醉泥螺菌落总数、感官评分、蛋白质含量及其氨基酸组成的影响,并分析辐照后醉泥螺在冷藏和常温贮藏条件下的货架期变化。结果表明：1）经1～9 kGy剂量电子束辐照,醉泥螺的色泽和形态几乎没有变化,但7、9 kGy剂量组醉泥螺产生异味;2）辐照剂量越高,杀菌效果越好,当醉泥螺的初始菌落总数为1200 cfu/g时,菌落总数降至初始值10%所需的辐照剂量D10为3.46 kGy;3和5 kGy剂量的辐照对醉泥螺的抑菌效果明显,无论是冷藏还是常温贮藏,360 d内菌落总数均未超过5000 cfu/g;3）辐照对醉泥螺蛋白质含量无明显影响(P?0.05),不改变醉泥螺的限制性氨基酸种类,但经1、3、5 kGy辐照后,氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸总量及各必需氨基酸的氨基酸评分增加;4）结合电子束辐照对醉泥螺菌落总数及感官评分的影响,辐照剂量以3 kGy为宜,醉泥螺保质期冷藏条件下由对照组的5个月延长至12个月,常温条件下由对照组的不到1个月延长到3个月。该结果能为电子束辐照保鲜醉泥螺提供依据。     

新型可拆式水田埝埂应用试验

采用对比试验方法研究了新型水田埝埂（雅克力波纹板埝埂）的隔水效果及对试验小区土壤肥力的影响,结果表明：新型埝埂的隔水、保肥效果均好于土埝,在省工、节地及减少小区试验误差等方面具有土埝无法相比的优点,该新型埝埂实用性强、具有推广价值。     

A Matlab Based Numerical Simulation Analysis of Shore Stress in Vacuum Plate Glass

A numerical simulation method, the node method, and single, multi-triangle progression were used to analyze the shore stress field of vacuum plate glass. By optimizing the shore distribution, the points of greatest and least stress in vacuum plate glass were determined. The distributions of greatest stress in vacuum plate glass were calculated using MATLAB. These calculations can provide numerical foundations for accurately analyzing the shore stress and flexibility of vacuum plate glass. The result shows that the greatest stress exists in the end surface of every shore, and the maximal stress is in the second shore at four-square sides, then follows the shore of next row. The theoretical calculations correspond to the software analysis results.     

Measuring Mass Flow by Bounce Plate for Yield Mapping of Potatoes

There are reports about measuring mass flow in potato harvesters by X-ray with two wave lengths sources, by load cells in conveyors and by optical surveying with image analysis. In mechanics, an impulse is defined as the integral of force over time. If one succeeds in producing a constant velocity difference in the mass flow of potatoes, then there exists a directly proportional correlation between the integral force and the mass flow. A constant speed difference can be produced when the potatoes hit a plate on which the potatoes bounce almost vertically in the discharge trajectory of a conveyor belt. Under laboratory conditions, a rubber coated plate with a force measuring instrument was placed in different positions in the discharge trajectory of a conveyor belt running at 3 different speeds. For simulation of mass flow in steps of about 1 kg up to 40 kg, different masses of potatoes were placed on the conveyor belt. For additional simulation of vibrations in a potato harvester, the measurement device was moved horizontally, at five different frequencies and four amplitudes. The results showed a clear linear relationship between mass flow and force. For many parameter combinations, the quality of fit was more than 0.99 and, in some cases, standard error was less than 0.083 kg s^–1. The results indicated that a bounce plate provides a basis for measurement in potato harvesters for yield mapping.     

已建储罐底板的阴极保护系统

针对大型储罐施加阴极保护后,如何使电流分布均匀,如何测量保护电位等问题,介绍了国外大型储罐安装的斜井阳极阴极保护系统。该系统采用钻孔的PVC塑料管可以方便地测量储罐对地电位,与均布在储罐周围的阳极地床以及深井阳极地床相比,斜井阳极电流分布更为均匀,且能更好地保护罐中心底板。     

温室用轻型方钢管柱脚底板压力及其简化计算模型

为研究半刚性柱脚底板压力分布,以轻型方钢管柱脚底板为研究对象,首先利用数值模拟方法,考虑柱脚与混凝土基础间非线性静力接触效应,针对4种加劲肋布置方式、6种偏心矩,分别计算24个轻型方钢管柱脚模型的底板受力情况,得到了底板压力分布规律,在此基础上提出了三折线底板压力分布模型,给出了轻型方钢管柱脚底板压力简化计算模型,并确定了相应关键参数。将简化计算模型结果与数值模拟、基于Winkler弹性地基梁模型的解析解和三角形压力分布的底板压力计算结果相对比。结果表明:三角形压力分布计算得到的底板最大压力值位于底板端部,而数值模拟、解析解及该文简化计算模型得到的最大压力值均位于柱截面翼缘处,且三角形压力分布的底板压力最大值明显大于该文简化计算模型结果,简化计算模型计算的底板压力最大值与数值模拟结果较为接近,且二者与解析解底板压力分布曲线亦吻合良好(误差大约为10%)。研究成果为轻型方钢管柱脚设计提供了更为精确适用的计算方法。     

枯草芽孢杆菌HAB-1产生抗菌物质的最优发酵条件

为筛选适合Bacillus subtilis HAB-1生长和抑菌物质产生的最佳培养基和最佳培养条件,采用摇瓶培养法和平板对峙法,通过单因子试验筛选适合菌株HAB-1生长的碳源、氮源、金属离子及最佳培养条件。结果表明,经摇瓶发酵培养筛选到适合菌株HAB-1生长及其拮抗物质产生的最佳碳源为蔗糖和玉米粉,最佳氮源为酵母粉和麸皮,最佳金属离子是K＋。用正交试验法确定了使HAB-1具有较强抗菌活性的最优培养基为zY,其各组分的质量浓度为：蔗糖10g·L-1,玉米粉30g·L-1,酵母粉30g·L-1,麸皮40g·L-1,KH2P041g·L-1;在确定适合该菌株的培养基组分基础上,对其培养条件进行优化试验,结果表明,初始pH为6．0,培养温度为37℃,250mL摇瓶装液量为60mL,接种量的体积分数为2％,培养时间为24h,转速为190r·min-1时为该菌株的最佳培养条件,获得菌株HAB-1活菌数最多且对橡胶树炭疽菌的抑菌活性最强,活菌数和抑菌直径分别为2．6×1010·mL-1。和34．0mm,较NB培养的HAB-1提高了123．81倍和1．10倍。     

气振盘式精密播种三段式流水线控制系统设计与试验

针对目前国内超级稻育秧播种作业中自动化程度低、配套设备少、播种精度低等问题,设计了一套气振盘式精密播种三段式流水线系统,由三段式输送带、铺底土机构、扫底土机构、压穴机构、精密排种器、秧盘定位机构、覆表土机构、扫表土机构、洒水机构、电磁继电器、霍尔传感器、光电传感器、触摸屏和PLC控制器组成,可实现气吸振动盘式水稻精密排...