家用型生物慢滤装置在窖水处理中的应用

针对西北村镇集雨水窖的水质问题,利用生物慢滤技术,在传统的窖水水质处理基础上研发了实用型家庭窖水水质处理装置,分析了利用该装置系统进行窖水处理的效果与机理,确定了膜的生长周期.结果表明:在滤速为0.1m/h的情况下,生物膜成长期为15～25d.该装置对浊度平均去除率为95.7%,对CODMn平均去除率为36.8%,对氨氮平均去除率为85.9%,对菌落总数平均去除率为95.7%,对总大肠菌群平均去除率为100%.     

Field Performance of a Protective Collar against Damage by Hylobius abietis

The effectiveness of a plastic collar designed to protect planted seedlings against damage caused by Hylobius abietis (L.) (Col., Curculionidae) was evaluated at 63 planting sites in southern Sweden during 1979 and 1980. Nearly 10 000 collar‐protected pine and spruce plants and 10 000 controls were carefully examined for Hylobius‐damage and other injuries. In addition, the impact of some microsite factors on weevil damage and collar performance was evaluated, and the height growth was measured. The protective effect of the collar for two seasons after planting was comparable to that of insecticides and was best at sites with sparse vegetation and high weevil pressure. Proper application of the collar was crucial for good control. Collars were not observed to affect plant growth. Soil scarification reduced mortality in both collared plants and controls.     

Comparison of greenhouse experimental methods on apple seedling growth and nutrition

Apple seedling (Malus domestica Borkh.) growth and nutrition were compared over a range of nutrient level treatments using A different experimental nutritional methods: nutrient‐film, soil, sand, and solution culture. A 2‐ to 10‐fold difference in nutrient level caused significant differences between experimental methods on seedling growth. Higher nutrient levels resulted in reduced growth in the nutrient‐film and soil cultures, increased growth in sand cultures and little effect on growth in solution cultures. Tissue Ca, of the nutrients studied, was significantly different depending upon the experimental method. Alternating the nutrient level either by elevating K or reducing Ca/Mg resulted in significant interactions on tissue Ca depending upon the experimental method used. The results showed that under similar environmental and treatment conditions, data on growth and nutrition of apple seedlings can vary significantly depending on the type of experimental method employed.     

黄土塬区不同地膜覆盖度下土壤水热状况研究

为进一步优化覆膜种植模式、了解作物增产机制,比较了黄土塬区无作物种植的旱作农田垄沟条件下土壤水热状况对不同地膜覆盖度(30%,50%,70%,85%,100%,CK即0%)的响应特征。结果表明:(1)地膜覆盖保水效果(Y,4—9月土壤贮水增量)与覆盖度(X)呈正相关关系,拟合方程为Y=1.65 X+42.60,相关系数R=0.98;地膜覆盖度越大,5m土层内有效蓄积降水量越多;覆膜条件下降水入渗土壤的深度已到3m以下。(2)土壤表层温度随覆盖度的增大而升高,有助于低温季节作物出苗;85%膜地温与全膜基本相近。地膜覆盖度从30%增加到85%过程中,白天地温达到峰值的速度加快,峰值加大。(3)综合考虑农田覆膜栽培的土壤水热状况及经济效益,以85%地膜覆盖为最佳选择。     

地膜覆盖杨树扦插育苗技术

在杨树扦插育苗时，采取地膜覆盖、苗圃整地、种穗选取与假植处理等技术措施，能较好地提高苗木的出穗率和质量。     

深栽、坐水、覆膜造林技术探讨

针对干旱、半干旱地区造林成活率和保存率低的实际情况，经过多年的研究和试验，对杨树植苗造林采取深栽、坐水、覆膜造林技术，效果显著。     

从绿茶叶中提取茶多酚的工艺方法

介绍了以绿茶叶为原料提取茶多酚的工艺方法。该工艺与传统的提取方法相比，具有工艺简便、成本低、提取率高，节省时间、溶剂和能源，无毒无污染，易于大规模工业化生产等优点     

北方地区棚栽台湾青枣果实性状研究

对北方地区棚栽的5个台湾青枣品种的果实性状进行了研究。分析测量了这5个品种的单果重,果实的横径、纵径等主要经济性状,同时测定了果肉中的Vc含量、可溶性糖、总酸和可溶性固形物含量。从果实形状和果实品质等方面分析讨论了棚栽台湾青枣不同品种的差异。     

表面增强木塑刨花板的研究

研究了用玻璃钢作表板制造木塑刨花板的制造工艺。实验结果表明，这种表面增强木塑刨花板具有良好的表面性能和力学强度，各项性能都优于有关标准的要求；采用玻璃钢二次贴面工艺生产的木塑刨花板性能优于一次热压的木塑刨花板。     

白皮松地膜覆盖育苗试验

白皮松是我国北方的特有树种，目前已成为城市和庭园绿化的优良树种。根据其生物学特性，在朝阳县林场苗圃地，进行了地膜覆盖育苗试验，取得了较好效果，文章就该树种的地膜覆盖育苗技术进行了报道。经不同时期的苗木生长情况比较看出，不覆膜的对照区，苗木速生期比覆膜的迟到10多天；从苗木质量来看，覆膜的苗木顶芽封顶已达92．3％，而对照区很少形成顶芽；从产量看，覆膜育苗的产苗量达165万株/hm^2，而对照区仅为130．5万株／hm^2。