花生不同施钙量、密度对产量影响的裂区试验

探讨不同施钙量、不同播种密度对花生产量的影响,为生产上提供施用钙肥与合理播种密度的理论依据。采用两因素裂区试验,A(施钙量)因素为主处理,设有4个水平,即:A1为0石灰/hm2、A2为300kg石灰/hm2、A3为600kg石灰/hm2、A4为900kg石灰/hm2;B(播种密度)因素为副处理,设有4个水平,即:B124万粒/hm2、B228.5万粒/hm2、B331.5万粒/hm2、B436万粒/hm2;3次重复。实验结果表明:施用300石灰/hm2、播种密度28.5万粒/hm2,可获得较高产量,达到3202.83 kg/hm2和最高的净收入,达到11531.16元/hm2。     

Statistical Model on the Time and Time Difference Error of Arrival in TDOA Location Estimation

Additional time delay of arrival resulted from non-line of sight(NLOS)propagation and muti-path effect in(cellular) environment is the dominant factor resulting in TDOA location error,study on the statistical property of TDOA error is useful for improving the accuracy of TDOA location.Based on the exponential distribution property of NLOS propagation delay,and considering the system error resulted from the signal detection,the authors establish a statistical model of arrival time and a model of TDOA error distribution by statistics when non-light of sight and multi-path propagation exist.The models reflect the statistical property of arrival time and TDOA error in cell network,the simulation shows that the proposed models have a good accuracy and a satisfactory behavior.     

50%咪鲜胺锰盐可湿粉对芒果炭疽病的防治效果

在芒果花芽期后喷施4次,第3次喷药后15 d,50%咪鲜胺锰盐可湿粉1000倍、1500倍的效果较好,防治效果分别为71.9%、59.0%,显著优于50%咪鲜胺可湿粉1000倍(46.4%);第4次喷药后15 d,50%咪鲜胺锰盐可湿粉1000倍的防治效果为64.2%,显著优于50%咪鲜胺可湿粉1000倍(52.9%)。表明50%咪鲜胺锰盐可湿粉是一种可防治芒果炭疽病的安全而有效的药剂。     

10种杀菌剂对马铃薯晚疫病的防治效果与经济效益评价

选择72%霜脲·锰锌(克露)可湿性粉剂(WP)、50%烯酰吗啉(安克)WP、25%嘧菌酯(阿米西达)悬浮剂(SC)、64%恶霜·锰锌(杀毒矾)WP、68%精甲霜灵·锰锌(金雷)水分散粒剂(WG)、70%丙森锌(安泰生)WP、68.75%氟吡菌胺·霜霉威(银法利)SC、18.7%烯酰·吡唑酯(凯特)WG、25%双炔酰菌胺(瑞凡)SC和50%多菌灵WP等10种药剂进行了田间马铃薯晚疫病防治试验。结果表明:除50%多菌灵WP之外,其他9种药剂对马铃薯晚疫病均具有明显的防治效果和增产效果,防效均达90%以上,增产10.90%～20.30%,净收入增加500～1000元·(667m2)-1。根据药剂的防效和增产效果,提出广东省马铃薯晚疫病防治的参考药剂,首先是72%霜脲·锰锌WP和50%烯酰吗啉WP,其次是68%精甲霜灵·锰锌WG、18.7%烯酰·吡唑酯WG、25%嘧菌酯SC、70%丙森锌WP和64%恶霜·锰锌WP。     

外源性H2S对氯胺酮全麻大鼠主要生理指标的影响

外源性H₂S在诸多方面对中枢神经系统具有保护性作用,本研究通过预试验确定了外源性H₂S的给药时间和剂量,将48只SD大鼠随机均分为4组,分别为对照组（CP组）、低剂量组（LP组,7 μmol/kg NaHS）、中剂量组（MP组,14 μmol/kg NaHS）、高剂量组（GP组,28 μmol/kg NaHS）。在盐酸氯胺酮麻醉前20 min,3个剂量组分别腹腔注射7、14、28 μmol/kg NaHS,观察外源性H₂S对大鼠体温、心率、呼吸频率、血氧饱和度及血压等生理指标的干预效果。试验结果表明,与对照组相比,3个剂量组体温和血氧饱和度浓度均显著升高（P<0.05）,心率和血压均显著降低（P<0.05）,但呼吸频率呈先减慢后加快趋势,且这些变化呈显著的剂量依赖性。     

Analysis on the effect of runoff retention and pollution load control for two vegetation roofs during rainfall events

In order to understand the effect of runoff retention and pollution load control for vegetation roofs during rainfall events, the evaluation criterion of vegetation roof performance is redefined and two vegetation roofs are established artificially based on the code for the design of roof greening, which is investigated during rainfall events. Results show that ophiopogon japonicus roof can delay the production of runoff by 25〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗48 min compared to the rain occurring and retention runoff volume by 40%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗58%, while sambucus dhinensis roof can make the generation of runoff 60〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗130 min later than the rain beginning and runoff volume retention can be as high as 54%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗80%. In addition to PO 3-4 P, the reduction of pollution load of NO -2 N, NH3 N, TP, COD, TN and NO -3 N by both vegetation roofs can reach 95.1%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗98.6%, 87.2%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗93%, 72.4%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗83%, 76%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗81.8%, 68.7%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗78.4% and 40.9%〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗60.6% respectively. The level of pH, COD, NH3 N and TP in vegetation roofs runoff can meet class Ⅲ surface water standard. Meanwhile, both vegetation roofs have similar effect in neutralization acid deposition (i.e., from 5.8〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗6.0 (in rain water) to 7.0〖XC半字线.tif,JZ〗7.6 (in eco roof runoff water)). Plants grown on vegetation roofs can influence the performance of vegetation roofs. Based on the results, ophiopogon japonicus has an advantage of sambucus chinensis in controlling phosphorus pollution, while sambucus chinensis manifests better in reducing nitrogen load. Vegetation roofs are becoming an important urban landscape more and more, and study results in this paper provide references for the improvement of vegetation roofs construction and more reasonable evaluation of their running performance.     

包膜控释尿素对大棚番茄的增产与品质提高效应

对施用包膜控释尿素和普通尿素的大棚番茄进行了田间生产条件下产量与品质对比分析试验。结果表明:与普通尿素相比施用控释尿素有显著的增产效果。D 60控释处理(控释期60 d)产量最高,为68.85 t/hm2,比对照增产19.39 t/hm2,增产率为39.2%;比尿素增产10.10 t/hm2,增产率为17.2%;D 90(控释期90 d)比对照增产15.37 t/hm2,增产率为31.0%;比尿素增产6.08 t/hm2。增产率为10.3%;D 90与D 60两种控释尿素之间产量差异不显著。控释尿素具有增加单株果数、单果重的效果。D 90与D 60氮素当季利用率比普通尿素分别高65.5%和108.8%。硝酸盐含量,以D 90为最低,仅比对照高4.4%,比普通尿素低56%;D 60比对照高15%,比尿素处理低51.6%;尿素处理比对照高137.3%。V c和氨基酸含量,D 90为最高,分别比对照高1.00倍和2.46倍;比普通尿素处理高22%和100%;D 60与尿素两处理V c含量差异不显著,但氨基酸总量前者却比后者高48%。可溶性糖含量以D 60较高,普通尿素为最低。综合品质指标为:D 90>D 60>U。说明控释尿素具有显著地增产效应和提高蔬菜品质的突出效应,特别在提高蔬菜的安全品质方面贡献最大。综合各项,在番茄生产中以选用控释期为60 d的包膜控释尿素为最好。     

马关县草果种植地的施肥效果试验

在马关县仁和镇的4年生草果种植地开展了施用不同量的农家肥、钾肥、普钙和复合肥促进草果植株开花结实效果的试验。结果表明:对该地的草果种植地进行合理的施肥能有效促进草果植株叶芽、花芽的分化,提高其结实率及结实量。各施肥处理的草果植株在叶芽数量、花芽数量、结实率及结实量等4个指标上均优于不施肥的对照,分别比对照提高了24.4%~204.9%、22%~97.6%、5.4%~36.9%和72.4%~442.3%。各施肥处理的草果植株在叶芽数量及结实量2个指标上存在极显著的差异,而在花芽数量及结实率2个指标上无显著差异。综合各施肥处理的草果植株结实量及结实率,在马关县及其土壤状况相似的草果种植地较佳的施肥肥种为钾肥或复合肥,其施肥量为钾肥200 g/株(丛)或复合肥400 g/株(丛),前者草果植株单株(丛)的结实量达8.46 kg,比不施肥的对照高442.3%,后者草果植株单株(丛)结实量达7.82 kg,比不施肥对照高401.3%。     

莫索湾垦区不同土质棉田的土壤水分及群体生理

通过对重壤土和沙壤土两个不同类型的棉田生长状况、植物生理状况和土壤水分状况及土壤温度的研究。结果表明,沙壤土的不保水性和高温使土壤很快变干,造成棉株蒸腾速率下降,气孔阻抗增加,气叶温差变小,形成热害,致使吐絮期提前,影响到了生长状况和经济产量。根据土壤质地造成的灌溉效果的差异,提出在重壤土地采用“大灌量、长周期”,沙壤土地采用“小灌量、短周期”因地配水的灌溉制度,是北疆棉区获得高产应当推行的水分管理技术措施。     

Recovery from adverse effects of heat stress on slow-growing chicks in the tropics 1: Effect of ascorbic acid and different levels of betaine

Three hundreds, 21 d-old slow-growing chicks were randomly divided among 5 treatments, of 5 replicates each. Each replicate contained 12 unsexed chicks housed in (1 × 1) a floor pen. A group was kept under thermoneutral condition at 28 ± 4°C and RH was 55 ± 3% during 21–84 d of age (positive control) and fed corn-soybean meal diet. The other four groups were kept for three successive days per week under heat stress (HS) at 38 ± 1.4°C and 49 ± 2% RH from 12.00 to 16.00 pm. Chicks in HS treatments were fed corn-soybean meal diet without (negative control) or with 250 mg AA/kg diet and Bet at 0.5 and 1 g/kg diet. HS decreased productive performance, increased (P < 0.05) meat dry matter, plasma triglyceride and serum calcium whereas decreased (P > 0.05) plasma glucose, serum total protein and water holding capacity (WHC) of meat. AA and 1 g of Bet/kg diet was equally potent for partial relief (P < 0.05) of the negative effect of HS on growth, increased (P < 0.05) feed intake, protein digestibility (P < 0.05), dressing out percentage, liver and giblets, whilst improved (P < 0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR). Also, a complete recovery from the negative effect (P < 0.05) of HS shown on plasma glucose and partial recovery (P < 0.05) observed in total protein, triglyceride, blood pH, packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hgb), rectal temperature (RT) and respiration rate (RR) and improved humoral immune competence to sheep red blood cell (SBRCs) test.