Research on a dynamic tracking model for reservoir water flooding of separated zone water injection

Waterflood is one of the main oil reservoir development ways. Premature flooding of production wells during water flooding process will reduce oil recovery. Therefore,it is particularly important to establish a dynamic tracking model for reservoir water flooding of separated zone water injection. Based on the basic principles of heat and mass transfer,according to well temperature curve to determine the water profile,Poisson process analysis and stochastic process methods are adopted to calculate water saturation,water breakthrough time and water cut of each layer in water flooded reservoir at any one time. When oil reservoir gradually become water flooded,the calculated water cut of model considering micro-pore distribution of the reservoir tends to the measured water cut,and the calculation error is less than 5%. Case study shows that the layer of the higher injection rate,with high flow channel such as micro fracture,where there is the faster increase in water saturation,the shorter water breakthrough time and faster increase in water cut,and vice versa. Research result provides time guarantee to take measures for inhibiting or delaying water breakthrough of production wells.     

导叶出口边位置对深井离心泵性能的影响

选取100QJ30型混流式深井离心泵作为研究对象,借助数值模拟和性能试验的方法,研究导叶叶片出口边位置不同对深井离心泵性能的影响,并分析其内部流场的差异性和规律性.在导叶叶片主要几何参数不变的情况下,调整叶片出口边轴向位置,确定3种不同的导叶方案,其叶片出口边与导叶场域出口的轴向距离分别为6,3和1 mm.采用Ansys CFX软件分别对3个方案进行数值模拟,以两级泵模型建立计算域,划分结构化网格,基于标准k-ω湍流模型和标准壁面函数进行多工况数值模拟,分别对3个方案进行了性能预测,并对预测结果进行了对比分析.结果表明:导叶叶片出口边延伸可抑制由于脱流而产生涡核的演化与成长,进而消除导叶流道内的旋涡,改善次级叶轮进口处液体的流场分布.较前2个方案,方案3中的导叶结构较大幅度提升了导叶的整流能力.     

深井离心泵的水力设计和二次回归正交试验

根据研发新型井泵节能节材的要求,将水力设计与计算流体动力学技术和二次回归正交试验方法相结合,进行提高井泵效率的试验研究.试验选择深井离心泵的叶轮出口安放角和出口宽度两个几何因素,按二次回归正交试验方案,设计了10副叶轮.通过计算流体动力学技术对包含叶轮、导叶在内的两级新型深井离心泵的全流场进行了设计工况下的三维流场数值模拟,得到了10组设计方案额定点的效率值.通过二次回归正交试验法研究了叶轮出口安放角、出口宽度对效率的影响规律,根据计算结果对新型深井离心泵效率提出了二次回归约束方程.结果表明,采用叶轮极大直径设计法对提高新型深井离心泵的水力效率具有一定的参考价值.     

测井技术在烃源岩评价中的应用

介绍了测井技术在烃源岩评价中的应用。利用烃源岩在测井曲线（伽马、声波时差、电阻率、密度）上的响应特征,建立测井解释模型,计算TOC的连续分布值,以获取较为准确的烃源岩评价参数,为资源评价提供更多的资料。     

浅谈井点降水施工技术

在地下水位较高的地方开挖深基坑,如不降水,会造成基坑浸水,使施工条件变差及地基承载力下降;因此,基坑降水排水是基础施工中的一项重要技术措施。     

级间间隙对新型井泵性能的影响

为了研究级间间隙对多级井泵性能及流场的影响,以采用叶轮极大直径设计法设计的QS-40-30-55新型井泵为例,应用Fluent软件对不同级间间隙下的模型泵进行了全流场数值模拟．分别从泵的外特性及内部流场分析了级间间隙对泵整机性能的影响,结果表明:在同一流量下,随着间隙的增大,泵的扬程与效率均降低,轴功率基本保持不变;导叶出口处的液体会沿着级间间隙回流,然后通过叶轮与导叶之间的空间流回到导叶中,使得导叶出口及下一级叶轮进口处的流动出现紊乱,增大了流动损失,从而使得泵的性能下降．通过样机试制及试验发现:泵的最高效率点偏向小流量,但也满足国家标准要求;在额定流量下采用两级全流场数值模拟,由于考虑了圆盘摩擦损失及级间间隙泄漏损失,其预测值与试验值相当接近,误差在1％以内,验证了数值模拟方法的正确性．研究结果对新型井泵的优化设计具有一定的参考价值．     

沧州地区虹吸水平井开采浅层弱渗透微咸水技术研究

研究沧州地区虹吸水平井开采浅层弱渗透微咸水技术。在沧州地区成功施工一眼虹吸水平井,它巧妙地利用虹吸作用将浅部弱渗透地层中微咸水低能耗抽出。经长时间抽水试验得出:虹吸水平井水量足、开采成本低,可以作为新型供水水源用于农业灌溉;虹吸水平井长期抽取浅层微咸水水中含盐量逐渐降低,可以改良地下水质;虹吸水平井抽取浅层微咸水影响范围广,有利于大气降雨及地表淡水体的入渗及盐碱地的改良。     

采用土工织物过滤的河床取水井

为了扩大土工织物的应用领域，介绍了利用河床凸岸的砂卵石冲积层作为滤料，采用土工织物起隔离保砂作用，使原河水通过滤层得到净化的河床取水井，并阐明了供水工艺流程，取水井的特点与构造，土工织物的设计，引水管和取水井渗流量的分析计算及技术经济比较。     

Retrieving Soil Moisture Storage in the Unsaturated Zone Using Satellite Imagery and Bi-Annual Phreatic Surface Fluctuations

Ongoing research into net groundwateruse in Pakistan needed soil moisturestorage information to compute monthlysoil water balances. A methodology isdeveloped to retrieve soil moisture storagein the complete unsaturated zone from rootzone soil moisture content (based onthermal satellite imagery) and bi-annualphreatic surface fluctuations. A root meansquare error in volumetric soil moisturecontent of 0.05 cm³ cm^-3 in theroot zone of irrigated fields was found forthe case study in Pakistan. A new simpleparameterisation of matric pressure headdistribution between the root zone and thephreatic surface was developed. Theabsolute root mean square error in dailyestimates of unsaturated zone storage forshallow (2 m) and deep groundwater tables(10 m) was found to be 7 cm (the averagetotal storage is 110 cm). It is concludedthat the spatial variation of the soilmoisture storage depends on the depth ofthe phreatic surface, whereas the temporalvariation is mainly controlled by the rootzone soil moisture changes. The resultsshow that for an area of 3 million ha, storagechanges of ± 10 cm month^-1 occur,which is a significant quantity for monthlywater balance analysis. Conventionalmethods such as specific yield do notconsider moisture changes in the irrigatedtop soil when the groundwater table isdeep. The new method is, therefore, apossible alternative solution, especiallyin areas where hydrological data isscanty.     

井孔偏斜弯曲对井管的作用力近似计算

为了研究井孔偏斜弯曲对井管的不利影响，首先对井管弯折产生的原因，过程、方式进行分析，然后应用材料力学知识，推导出附加弯矩及挤压力的理论计算公式，可以方便地在井管横断面设计，连接设计和校核计算中使用。