废水玻璃砂再生新方法

在实验室条件下，模拟烟气对水玻璃旧砂进行再生处理，达到旧砂回用和烟气脱硫的双重目的。实验表明：处理后的旧砂完全符合铸造用砂的标准。所采用的系统设备简单，较好地解决了环境污染问题。     

The influence of seawater on lipid peroxidation of the muscle tissue wounded by firearm in rabbit limbs

AIM: The influence of the seawater on the lipid peroxidation of the muscle tissue wounded by firearm was studied. METHODS: Both two limbs of rabbits were wounded by the steel ball of 250 mg. The wounded rabbits were divided into two group: One is seawater immersed group (SIG), which was dipped in artificial seawater for 30 min. Another is the single wounded group (SWG), which wasn't dipped in seawater. Then, muscle tissues 0.5 cm (A area), 1.5 cm (B area) and 2.5 cm (C area) from wound edge were cut for biochemical analysis at 3, 6, 12, 24 h of post-wound, respectively. The contents of ATP, MDA and SOD activity of all these tissues were detected, pre-wounded muscle tissues were used as control group. RESULTS: The content of MDA in SIG increased obviously at 3, 6 h, respectively, but it decreased slightly at 12 h and increased again at 24 h. The change in MDA in SWG is similar to that in SIG but more slightly. The changes in both the activity of SOD and the content of ATP in two groups is similar to that of MDA. CONCLUSION: Seawater induced more serious lipid peroxidation in the muscle tissue wounded by firearm.     

南京农业发展思路的定位分析

阐述了农业发展思路中定位的重要性，认为南京农业发展应定位于市场资源型、现代城郊型与都市开发型等３个层次。     

Movement and conversion of aldicarb and its oxidation products in potato fields

In Spring, the insecticide and nematicide aldicarb in the granular formulation Temik 10G (supplied by Union Carbide) was broadcast on three potato fields and incorporated by rotary cultivation. Ridges were formed by repeated runs with ridging implements. The soil was sampled in layers of 0.1 m up to 0.8 m depth three to four times during the growing season. Aldicarb itself was almost completely converted on a humic sand soil and two loam soils within one month. During the growing season, its sulphoxide and sulphone, which are toxic and are formed by oxidation, were retained mainly in the top 0.3 m of all three soils. Relatively high concentrations were measured only in the top 0.2 m, indicating limited redistribution by leaching.Low to very low contents were found up to 0.8 m depth especially on one of the loam soils where the highest total rainfall was measured from May to October (328 mm). In a humic sand soil, leaching in the furrow was deepter than below the ridge. At the end of the growing season, the sulphoxide plus sulphone corresponded to a mass fraction of 5.7 to 6.7% of the dosage in the two loam soils and to 17% in the humic sand soil. These residues were mainly concentrated in the centre of the ridges.Samenvatting In het voorjaar werd op drie aardappelvelden het insecticide en nematicide aldicarb als Temik 10G breedwerpig toegediend en met een frees ingewerkt. Ruggen werden opgebouwd door herhaalde bewerkingen met aanaardwerktuigen. Gedurende het groeiseizoen werd de grond drie tot viermaal bemonsterd in laagjes van 0,1 m tot op 0,8 m diepte. Aldicarb zelf was binnen een maand bijna geheel omgezet zowel in een humeuze zandgrond als in twee zavelgronden. Gedurende het groeiseizoen bleven het sulfoxide en het sulfon, welke produkten eveneens toxisch zijn en door oxidatie van aldicarb worden gevormd, voornamelijk in de toplaag van 0,3 m bij alle drie gronden. Relatief hoge concentraties werden alleen gemeten in de bovenste 0,2 m, wat wijst op een beperkte herverdeling door uitspoeling.Lage tot zeer lage gehalten werden tot 0,8 m diepte gevonden, met name in één van de zavelgronden waar ook de grootste hoeveelheid neerslag van mei tot oktober (328 mm) werd gemeten. In een humeuze zandgrond was de uitspoeling in de voor groter dan die beneden de rug. Aan het eind van het groeiseizoen kwam de hoeveelheid resterend sulfoxide plus sulfon in de twee zavelgronden overeen met een massafractie van 5,7 tot 6,7% van de dosering en in de humeuze zandgrond met 17%. Deze residuen waren voor het grootste deel geconcentreerd in het centrum van de ruggen.     

STUDY ON RELATIONS BETWEEN HEAVY-DISASTER-PERIOD OF FOREST FIRE ACTIVITY AND SUNSPOT ACTIVITY, SSTA

TheprojectwassupportedbyChinaNaturalScienceFund.INTRoDUCTIoNOursocietyhascomeintoaperiodofhighdevelopedscienceandtechnology,nevertheless,it'sapitythatmankindhasn'tfreedhimselffrompassiveandblindcondi-tionthatforestfirewaspreventedandcon-trolledonlargescale.Particufarly,sofarthebasiclawsofinter-annualchangesofforestfirehasnotbeenknown.Itremainsperplexingwhyheavy-disaster-periodofforestfire(HDPFF)inacertainregionreappearseveryafewyearsandlastsforl-2yearswithgreatlossofforestresource.A1th…     

西北黄土高原旱区饲草资源利用及草场生产潜力研究

通过对西北黄土高原旱区所属三省一区７８县饲草资源及其利用改良现状的调查研究，结果表明：该区现已超载８７５万个羊单位。文章分析了超载过牧的根源及严重性，并对草场气候生产潜力进行了框算，提出了解决问题和挖掘出生产潜力的基本思路。     

平潭海岛防护林的减灾稳产效益

本文报导了平潭县营造海岛防护林、经济林的成功经验,详述了海岛防护林在防风固沙、经受台风袭击中所发挥的防护作用及其所带来的经济效益。     

Exposure to sulfosulfuron in agricultural drainage ditches: field monitoring and scenario-based modelling

Field monitoring and scenario-based modelling were used to assess exposure of small ditches in the UK to the herbicide sulfosulfuron following transport via field drains. A site in central England on a high pH, clay soil was treated with sulfosulfuron, and concentrations were monitored in the single drain outfall and in the receiving ditch 1 km downstream. Drainflow in the nine months following application totalled 283 mm. Pesticide lost in the first 12.5 mm of flow was 99% of the total loading to drains (0.5% of applied). Significant dilution was observed in the receiving ditch and quantifiable residues were only detected in one sample (0.06 microg litre(-1)). The MACRO model was evaluated against the field data with minimal calibration. The parameterisation over-estimated the importance of macropore flow at the site. As a consequence, the maximum concentration in drainflow (2.3 microg litre(-1)) and the total loading to drains (0.76 g) were over-estimated by factors of 2.4 and 5, respectively. MACRO was then used to simulate long-term fate of the herbicide for each of 20 environmental scenarios. Resulting estimates for concentrations of sulfosulfuron in a receiving ditch were weighted according to the prevalence of each scenario to produce a probability distribution of daily exposure.     

Typology in Mediterranean transitional waters: new challenges and perspectives

• 1. Transitional waters are ecotones between terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems, being characterized by high spatial heterogeneity and temporal variability.
• 2. The EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) posed to the scientific community the challenge to classify these ecosystems into a small number of types, while retaining a functional classification of ecosystem types.
• 3. A niche theory approach is proposed to identify the limiting forcing factors organizing biological quality elements, i.e. the limiting niche dimensions.
• 4. The analysis of a macro‐invertebrate dataset from published papers on 36 Italian lagoons suggested a two‐level typological classification of Mediterranean lagoons.
• 5. Basic ecological theories, such as niche and island biogeography theories, have fundamental implications for the process of developing a typological classification for all aquatic ecosystems, as required by the WFD.

Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

我国内陆河流域居民价值取向与用水行为研究——张掖城市居民案例

家庭节约用水对于缓解内陆河流域水资源短缺非常重要,而个人可能出于利己、社会-利他和生态价值取向而在日常生活中节约用水,文中研究的目的是了解价值取向是否影响我国内陆河流域城市居民用水行为。基于张掖市区居民问卷调查和应用结构方程分析方法,研究表明:以后果意识来衡量的利己价值取向显著影响受访者的用水行为,受访者主要是因为个人利益而节约用水。在很大程度上,受访者在用水时并没有考虑区域水资源短缺和生态环境问题,也没有考虑下游居民和后代人的用水。文中最后提出了政策启示和建议。