小麦生育期内的降水对产量的影响

1996和 1999年的小麦苗期干旱 ,中后期降水正常 ,全生育期降水为历年平均降水量的 67%和 68.7% ,但小麦产量却比前后 6a的平均产量增产 2 3 .0 7%和 15 .6% ,为小麦节水栽培提供了依据。     

Estimation of the spawning grounds of chub mackerel <Emphasis Type="Italic">Scomber japonicus</Emphasis> and spotted mackerel <Emphasis Type="Italic">Scomber australasicus</Emphasis> in the East China Sea based on catch statistics and biometric data

The spawning grounds of the chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) and spotted mackerel (Scomber australasicus) in the East China Sea were estimated based on catch statistics of the Japanese large- and medium-type purse seine fishery from 1992 to 2006. Biometric data were obtained from specimens caught by purse seiners in the East China Sea from 1998 to 2006. Gonadosomatic index (GSI) at 50% sexual maturity of chub mackerel and spotted mackerel females was 2.5 and 2.6, respectively. Using this criterion for GSI, chub mackerel larger than 275 mm and spotted mackerel larger than 310 mm in fork length were considered to be mature. Mature chub mackerel was observed in the area of 15–22°C sea surface temperature (SST), and mature spotted mackerel was observed in the area of 17–25°C SST. The spawning period of chub mackerel ranged from February to June, and that of spotted mackerel ranged from February to May in the East China Sea. The spawning grounds were estimated from the distributions of catch per unit effort (CPUE) of spawners and SST. As a result, the spawning ground of chub mackerel was estimated to be in the central and southern part of the East China Sea and the area west of Kyushu in February, March, and April, and in the central part of the East China Sea, the area west of Kyushu and Tsushima Straight in May, and in Tsushima Straight and western part of the Sea of Japan in June. The spawning ground of spotted mackerel was estimated to be in the central and southern part of the East China Sea and southern coastal area of Kyushu in February, March, and April, and the central and southern part of the East China Sea and the area west of Kyushu in May.     

水仙营养液栽培试验初报

水仙营养液栽培与清水栽培对比试验结果表明,生产上可以通过营养液对水仙的生长和发育进行调控,达到叶壮、根系完好、花穗分化率高、小花数量多、花朵大和花期长等效果。     

基于有限元方法的凸齿镇压器运动学和动力学分析

为探索凸齿镇压器在作业过程中的运动学和动力学特性,基于验证有效性后的有限元模型,求解了凸齿镇压器外缘点运动轨迹和速度以及加速度随时间的变化规律曲线。结果表明:轮缘点所在凸齿冲击土壤的行为并未在轮缘点竖直方向速度最大时完成;凸齿镇压器轮缘外一点的绝对运动轨迹呈波动状态的余摆线形式;凸齿镇压器轮缘点在接地位置有与前进方向相反的相对滑动。     

芝麻不同时期去叶对蒴果发育和产量的影响及保叶增产措施

采用定株观察，以芝麻生长正常单株为对照，研究不同生育时期，不同蒴果发育时期去叶，对芝麻农艺性状和单株产量的影响。结果表明，随着芝麻生育进程，终花期，封顶期，盛花期去叶减产值幅度递增。相同植株同天开花采取不同时期去叶所结蒴果分别与对照相比，去叶时间越早秕籽率越高，千粒重越低。同时还进一步研究出延长芝麻中上部叶片功能期，提高单株产量的技术措施。     

不同生长期橡胶叶对六点始叶螨选择性及种群增长影响

为了探明不同生长期橡胶叶对六点始叶螨Eotetranychus sexmaculatus(Riley)选择性及种群增长的影响,在室内测定古铜期、淡绿期、稳定期、老化期的橡胶叶对六点始叶螨的产卵选择、取食选择、发育、存活及繁殖的影响。结果表明:六点始叶螨对不同生长期橡胶叶的取食选择和产卵选择由多到少依次为:古铜期、淡绿期、稳定期、老化期,说明该螨在转移为害过程中优先选择幼嫩叶片;世代发育历期以取食老化期的最长,为20.9 d,取食古铜期最短,为16.9 d。世代存活率、净生殖率(R0)、内禀增长率(rm)由大到小依次为:古铜期、淡绿期、稳定期、老化期。因此,古铜期的橡胶叶最适合六点始叶螨的发育、存活及种群增长,随着橡胶叶的老化越不利于该虫的生长发育及繁殖。     

银中杨人工林抚育采伐技术研究

采用标准地调查方法,对初植密度为2 m×2m的银中杨人工林的抚育采伐开始期和采伐强度进行调查研究,确定抚育采伐开始期为8年生时,采伐强度为50%。研究确定了银中杨人工林的经营密度表,以期为生产经营提供依据。     

农村畜禽疫病防控存在问题及解决方案

畜禽防疫工作事关人们身体健康、畜禽行业健康稳定发展。该文分析农村畜禽疫病防控现存问题,提出相应的对策。     

Green tea polyphenols supplementation alters immunometabolism and oxidative stress in dairy cows with hyperketonemia

Peripartal cows often experience negative energy balance, and are therefore prone to suffering from metabolic diseases such as hyperketonemia, which causes financial losses in dairy farms. This study aimed to investigate the effect of green tea polyphenol (GTP) supplementation during the periparturient period on production performance, oxidative stress and immunometabolism in dairy cows with hyperketonemia. One hundred Holstein cows were assigned to GTP (0.2 g/kg DM; n = 50) or control (without GTP; n = 50) group based on body weight, previous milk yield, and parity on d 15 before expected parturition. Subsequently, 10 cows with hyperketonemia were selected from each group, according to blood β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) concentration between 1.2 and 2.9 mmol/L from 2 to 3 d postpartum. All cows were fed a close-up diet and a lactation diet with or without GTP supply from 15 d prepartum until 30 d postpartum. Milk and blood samples were obtained from 20 cows selected with hyperketonemia on 10, 20, and 30 d postpartum. Compared with control cows, greater milk yield and lower somatic cell count were observed in GTP cows. The GTP group had lower concentrations of BHBA, free fatty acids, cholesterol, triglyceride, reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide, greater concentrations of glucose, lower activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and glutamyl transpeptidase, alongside greater activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and total antioxidant capacity. Additionally, GTP supplementation up-regulated concentrations of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10, but down-regulated concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-2, interleukin-8, and interferon-γ in plasma. Greater concentrations of plasma immunoglobulin G were also detected in the GTP group. Overall, the data suggested that GTP supplementation from 15 d prepartum to 30 d postpartum improved the milk yield and health status in cows with hyperketonemia during early lactation.