橙汁魔芋水晶软糖的生产工艺

以魔芋精粉为主要原料,以橙汁作为增味剂并辅以其他食品添加剂,对pH值、果胶量、糖酸比和凝胶温度等因素进行分析并采用正交法优选,制得有橙汁风味、营养丰富的水晶软糖,同时对产品进行感官、理化和微生物分析。结果表明,pH 4.5,果胶含量1.1%,糖酸比90∶1,凝胶温度63℃,最佳干燥时间18 h,干燥温度55℃条件下可研制出组织状态、色泽和口感均优良的软糖。     

饲料级果胶酶对肉仔鸡生长性能的影响

试验旨在研究日粮中添加饲料级果胶酶对肉仔鸡生长性能的影响。选择体重、健康状况基本一致的AA肉仔鸡240只,随机等分为试验组与对照组2个组,每组设3个重复,每重复40只,分成2个处理组,试验组饲喂在基础日粮中添加0.01％含6000U/g 的饲料级果胶酶的日粮,进行为期35d的试验。结果表明,与对照组相比,试验组日增重提高9.51％（P〈0.05）;料重比降低7.06％（P〈0.05）;死淘率降低11.00％（P〈0.05）。说明在日粮中添加饲料级果胶酶可显著提高肉仔鸡的生长性能。     

Effect of pectin oligosaccharides and zinc chelate on growth performance,zinc status,antioxidant ability,intestinal morphology and short‐chain fatty acids in broilers

A 42‐day trial was conducted to investigate the effect of pectin oligosaccharides (POS) and zinc chelate (Zn‐POS) on growth performance, antioxidant ability, zinc status, intestinal morphology and short‐chain fatty acids in broilers. A total of 324 1‐day‐old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly assigned to three treatments with six cages of 18 chicks. Treatments were: (a) Control, 80 mg/kg Zn from ZnSO₄; (b) POS, 80 mg/kg Zn from ZnSO₄ + 482 mg/kg POS (the same amount of POS as treatment 3); and (c) Zn‐POS, 80 mg/kg zinc from Zn‐POS. Compared to the Control, both POS and Zn‐POS supplementation increased average daily gain and reduced the mortality during day 22–42, and only Zn‐POS supplementation decreased the ratio of feed to gain during day 22–42 and 1–42. Moreover, both POS and Zn‐POS supplementation improved Zn status and gut function as evidenced by increased metallothionein concentrations in the pancreas, villus height in the duodenum and isobutyrate concentrations in the caecal digesta. Additionally, Zn‐POS supplementation increased gene expressions of metallothionein, Zn transporter 1, Zn transporter 2 in the pancreas, nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 in the liver, the concentrations of acetate, propionate, butyrate and total SCFA in the caecal digesta and the villus height to crypt depth ratio in the duodenum and jejunum, whereas decreased the crypt depth in these two tissues. Altogether, our results revealed that dietary POS or Zn‐POS supplementation benefited growth performance, Zn status, antioxidant ability and gut function of broilers. Supplementing Zn‐POS in the form of chelate was more effective than feeding POS or ZnSO₄ separately.     

天仙果果胶提取条件及含量测定

以天仙果果实为原料采取盐酸溶液萃取、酒精沉析制取果胶;确定最佳提取工艺条件为提取温度87~90℃、pH 0.5~1.0、萃取时间2h、料液比1∶20。研究了亚硫酸氢钠对天仙果果胶得率的影响;用咔唑比色法对其含量进行了准确测定。     

从栀子皮中提取果胶的研究

对栀子皮提取果胶的方法进行了研究,先用水提取水溶性果胶,再用酸水解法提取水不溶性果胶.用正交试验法优化了水不溶性果胶提取工艺.最佳工艺条件为:pH值1～1.5,温度 90 ℃,时间 120 min,水料比8.25∶1(mL∶g).水溶性果胶得率 13.2%,水不溶性果胶得率 14.1%,总得率 27.3%.本方法提取的果胶甲氧基含量为 4.93%,果胶含量为 82.4%.     

不同沉淀方法提取柚皮果胶的研究

柚皮经盐酸溶液提取而得果胶提取液,分别以醇沉法和盐析法从提取液中沉淀果胶.研究并获得了两种沉淀方法的最佳沉淀条件,比较了不同沉淀方法的乙醇消耗量,探索了不同沉淀方法对果胶沉淀得率和品质的影响.结果表明:醇沉法所消耗的乙醇量几乎为盐析法乙醇消耗量的两倍.盐析法能大大降低乙醇使用量,省去稀酸提取液浓缩工序和减少乙醇回收量,节省能耗,降低生产成本,并能保证较高的沉淀得率和果胶品质.     

半乳糖醛酸酯酶的活性对芒果硬度的影响

以新摘大台农芒果为原料,对其采后采取不同贮藏处理方式,对贮藏期间芒果的硬度、多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)的活性和果胶含量的变化进行了研究。结果表明,在贮藏过程中,PG活性提高,导致原果胶水解为可溶性果胶,原果胶平均含量从贮藏初期的1.721%下降到最后的0.9982%,而可溶性果胶从0.1076%上升到0.9452%,总果胶含量也稍微呈上升趋势,从1.8342%上升到1.8969%;PG酶活性先上升至最高点,然后稍微有所下降,从11.34个酶单位增大到17.10个酶单位后又回落到16.03个酶单位,芒果硬度从0.234kg/cm下降为0.162kg/cm,果22实发生了软化。以不经过任何处理的芒果为空白对照,比较了5种不同涂膜保鲜方法的效果,并且从这些保鲜方法中,筛选出较好的保鲜方法是涂130mg/kg甲基托不津+1.3%壳聚糖+90%甘油,贮藏期可延长7d。     

41种葡萄枝条废弃物中膳食纤维及营养成分研究

研究不同品种的葡萄枝条的基本组成成分含量,并对不同品种、不同来源的葡萄枝条中各组分含量的差异性进行比较。以41种葡萄枝条为试验材料,对膳食纤维、果胶、半纤维素、纤维素、木质素,可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖进行测定。结果表明:部分葡萄品种的枝条中同一组分的含量存在显著差异。41种葡萄枝条中纤维素的含量范围为284.2～418.0mg/g;半纤维素的含量范围为7.6～25.6mg/g;果胶的含量范围为81.6～209.6mg/g;木质素的含量范围为283.6～491.6mg/g。总膳食纤维的含量范围为927.0～981.2mg/g,可溶性膳食纤维的含量范围为81.0～108.2mg/g,不溶性膳食纤维的含量范围为801.4～904.4mg/g,蛋白质的含量范围为4.928～8.627mg/g,可溶性糖的含量范围为47.9～186.7mg/g。葡萄枝条中含有较高的膳食纤维,不同品种的葡萄枝条中同一组分含量不同,部分品种间有显著差异。