新五菱之光转向沉重的故障诊断与排除

汽车转向系统的性能好坏直接影响汽车的操纵稳定性,文章通过一辆五菱之光微型车汽车转向沉重的故障现象,通过分析该车型转向系统的类型及特点,找出可能引起转向沉重的原因,采用“先简后难”原则对转向沉重的故障进行诊断与排除。     

蓄电池点火系统的故障诊断与排除方法

汽油机是由多个机构和多个系统组成的一种热力发动机.点火系统是汽油发动机的重要组成部分,也是很容易出现故障的一个系统.一旦点火系统出现故障,就会直接影响到汽油机的正常工作,如发动机不能启动或启动后无法正常运行、动力性与经济性下降等.为此,根据蓄电池点火系的故障特点,对蓄电池点火系易出现的故障进行了全面、系统的分析,并且在此基础上提出了相应的解决方法.     

组合式神经网络在转子故障诊断中的应用

在组合式神经网络的故障诊断中,模糊积分是一种对各神经子网的诊断结果进行信息融合的方法,其中需要计算模糊密度。本文首先介绍组合式神经网络故障诊断的思想,给出了基于模糊C均值聚类的模糊划分方法;其次分析一种不可取的模糊密度计算方法,基于模糊粗糙函数,给出计算组合式神经网络重要性的方法;然后,阐述了组合式神经网络的网络训练和诊断方法;最后,用故障模拟数据验证了诊断方法的有效性。     

基于小波分析的发动机气缸失火故障诊断

发动机加速过程中失火是常见故障，运用了发动机主轴瞬时转速进行失火故障的诊断。采用磁电式传感器测定了发动机在正常与故障的4种工况下从怠速急加速到高速过程中的瞬时转速，并用db3阶小波对各工况下转速信号进行分解与重构，以重构波形分析对比了各工况下的转速波动状态与加速过程的信息，从而判断发动机是否失火以及失火故障类型。结果表明，发动机失火时，瞬时转速的重构信号与正常工况转速重构信号相比，波动幅值、怠速段和高速段的稳定转速、加速时间有显著差异，这种失火故障的诊断方法是可行的和有效的。     

宁南山区土地利用规划模式及效益监测

通过对宁夏南部山区固原县上黄村土地利用中存在问题的调查分析，拟定了该村土地资源合理利用的总体构思，农林牧优化配置方案及实施技术，经过１３年的实践和监测，获得了极高的可信度与显的生态经济效益，同时，对黄土丘陵西部半干旱地区土地资源的合理利用与高效持续农业的发展提出了见解。     

Late seeding of soybean after rice transplanting period using variety "Yukihomare" in central area of Hokkaido

(Jpn. J. Soil Sci.Plant Nutr., 77, 293–298, 2006)
"Kitanokaori" is a new variety of wheat for bread use bred at the National Agricultural Research Center for Hokkaido Region. The grain protein content of wheat for bread use should be higher than 120 g kg−1. Much nitrogen application is necessary to obtain high grain protein content. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the optimum amount of nitrogen to obtain the required protein content and to prevent nitrogen from remaining in the soil. The nutrition diagnosis using leaf color was investigated to predict the need and the amount of top-dressing. Field experiments were conducted for four years with nitrogen treatments in Andosol, which has moderate nitrogen fertility, and in Histosol, which is a fertile soil. The leaf color was measured using a chlorophyll meter SPAD502 (CM value) at the middle part of the leaf, avoiding the center rib. The colors of the 10·15 uppermost second leaves were measured in one plot and averaged.
A close relation was found between leaf color at the full heading stage and grain protein content at harvest. Leaf color at the full heading stage is therefore a good index to control the protein content. Considering the effect of top-dressing at the full heading stage in each CM value, the diagnosis criterion was decided. When the CM value is over 52 at the full heading stage, more nitrogen application is not needed. When the CM value is 50·52, 30 kg N ha−1 of top-dressing at the full heading stage is needed, and when the CM value is 45·50, 60 kg N ha−1 of top-dressing is needed to obtain a grain protein content of more than 120 g kg−1.     

库大小对水稻不同叶位叶片氮代谢的影响

采用去穗与疏花方式调节库大小，研究了对水稻不同叶位叶片氮代谢的影响。去穗或疏花后，已完成发育的源叶片，尤其是顶4叶，蛋白质合成重新旺盛，蛋白氮含量提高，出现了类似于生长库的氮代谢特征。水稻叶片的酸性转化酶活力可反映其蛋白质合成能力，据此可判断叶片是属于氮素供应源还是氮素接受库。研究证实下位叶的氮代谢     

Incidence of presenting complaints and diagnoses in insured Australian dogs

Knowledge of the most common presenting complaints and diagnoses in companion animals is valuable in preparing veterinary students and veterinarians to manage the most frequently observed conditions in clinical practice. Pet insurance databases provide access to large sample populations and have been previously used to describe disease incidence in companion animals. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of presenting complaints and diagnoses in insured Australian dogs through the use of a pet insurance database. Analysis of a de-identified dataset containing pet insurance claims associated with presenting complaints and diagnoses from 488,472 insured Australian dogs insured in the years 2016 and 2017, was performed. Annual incidence rates of presenting complaints and diagnoses were calculated and expressed as, number of events per 1,000 dog years at risk. The presenting complaints with the highest incidence were vomiting (14.21 events per 1,000 dog years at risk in 2016, 15.80 events per 1,000 dog years at risk in 2017) and pruritus (8.79 events per 1,000 dog years at risk in 2016, 10.30 events per 1,000 dog years at risk in 2017). Presenting complaints affecting the gastrointestinal system were the most common (19.20 events per 1,000 dog years at risk in 2016, 20.77 events per 1,000 dog years at risk in 2017). The diagnoses with the highest incidence were otitis externa (34.12 events per 1,000 dog years at risk in 2016, 34.82 events per 1,000 dog years at risk in 2017) and dermatitis (28.05 events per 1,000 dog years at risk in 2016, 29.99 events per 1,000 dog years at risk in 2017). Diagnoses affecting the integument were the most common (216.56 events per 1,000 dog years at risk in 2016, 219.06 events per 1,000 dog years at risk in 2017). The results from this study can aid in the design of relevant veterinary curricula and may be helpful in prioritising research on common clinical conditions.