Agricultural extension approach: evidence from an Integrated Soil Fertility Management Project in Ethiopia

Agricultural extension is an approach to rural development and agricultural transformation in which training, demonstration and technology transfer are key to reducing rural poverty, ensuring food security, and sustainably managing natural resources. During recent decades, different extension approaches have been tested and validated by the Ethiopian government and non-governmental organizations to stimulate participation in the agricultural extension system (AES). The most recent was a German-funded project entitled “Integrated Soil Fertility Management Project” (ISFM⁺), which employed a novel approach to piloting and upscaling proven technology and best practice. The purpose of this study was to analyze and document the modalities of ISFM⁺ and illustrate its effects on technology uptake and dissemination. The study used a mixed methods approach to collect data. ATLAS.ti and SPSS were used for data management and analysis. Farmer Research and Extension Groups and Farmer Field Schools were found to be central to the participation process. Also, the ISFM⁺ was found to aid technology transfer and helped to increase grain and residue yields as well as farmer livelihoods. Based on these empirical findings, it is argued that the ISFM⁺ approach and technology should be integrated and institutionalized in the mainstream AES in order to promote their extensive application.     

新时期红色文化在江西高校的传承与发展

红色文化在我国当代文化体系建设中占据着重要的地位,积极地传承和发展红色文化,丰富 其内涵,对建立民族文化自信有重要的价值。当代大学生作为祖国的希望,是实现中国梦的主力军, 而红色文化教育是进一步提升我国文化软实力、建设文化强国的重要途径。本文从传播发展红色文 化的必要性和重要性入手,就新时期红色文化在江西高校中的传承和发展现状、存在问题、发展对策 做分析,总结出高校红色文化教育可以将本土红色文化旅游基地作为教育实践基地,利用社会实践让 学生走进具有浓郁乡村特色的红色文化基地,亲身其感受、体验红色文化。旨在     

浅谈人文关怀视域下的高校学生资助工作

农村贫困大学生群体是社会上的弱势群体,也是一个特殊的群体。本文从人文关怀的角度 出发,分析人文关怀在高校资助工作中的重要性,呈现高校学生资助工作中存在的主要问题,并提出 具有针对性的对策,以进一步完善高校资助工作。     

适应农业产业发展产教融合课堂教学改革研究

本文对适应农业区域产业发展产教融合课堂教学改革进行了一定的研究,希望可以为“产教 结合、校企一体”的发展之路提供一定的参考价值。     

滑县花生新黑地蛛蚧的发生与防治技术

花生新黑地蛛蚧是近年来滑县花生田新发现的一种地下害虫,对花生造成危害,影响花生的 品质和产量。本文主要介绍新黑地蛛蚧的形态特征、发生规律、生活习性、为害症状及防治措施。     

Management strategies for forage rape (Brassica napus L. cv Goliath): Impact on dry-matter yield,plant reserves,morphology and nutritive value

Limited information is available on the grazing management principles of forage rape (Brassica napus L.), particularly in relation to grazing height and intensity and the impact of these on dry-matter (DM) yield and nutritive value. A glasshouse study was undertaken to investigate the effect of three defoliation heights (plant height at harvest; DH: 40, 70 and 90 cm; L, M and H DH respectively) and three defoliation intensities (height at which plants were cut; DI: 5, 20 and 35 cm of residual height; H, M and L DI respectively) on forage rape (cv Goliath) yield and nutritive value at two harvests (harvest 1, H1 and harvest 2, H2), and the impact of nitrogen (N) and water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) reserves on regrowth. Increasing DH from L to H increased estimated total DM yield (H1 plus H2) from 0.5 to 4.6 t DM/ha but DI did not affect yield. Dry-matter yield was optimized at 90 cm DH, but greater nutritive value was achieved by harvesting at lower levels of DH. Despite high in vitro DM digestibility (IVDMD; 852–889 g/kg), harvesting at 90 cm DH could not meet the protein requirement of lactating dairy cows and harvesting at lower levels risks nitrate poisoning. Our results indicate the optimum DH may be between 70 and 90 cm DH, and 20 and 35 cm DI, which requires further studies.     

植物种子脱水耐性的研究现状分析与展望

为了更好的聚类植物种质资源耐贮藏和培育免晒植物新品种,研究植物种子脱水耐性的获得、基因表达、调控机理具有重要的理论指导与实践意义。笔者归纳了植物种子脱水耐性的形成假说、生理基础、脱水耐性差异等,重点分析了种子脱水耐性在全基因组、转录组、蛋白质组方面的分子机理研究,指出运用全基因组学方法系统定位世界范围内不同国家地区的不同类型的品种脱水耐性的遗传多样性和相关基因,挖掘种子脱水敏感的关键基因。     

我国农作物绿色食品的生产瓶颈和生产前景

生产农作物绿色食品是农业的发展方向,也是可持续发展的必然要求,是世界范围都要引起 重视的普遍课题,我国更需迫切重视。使用一般的无公害杀虫剂是不能生产出绿色食品的,而目前病 虫害绿色防控技术还不成熟,现在可用于绿色食品生产的高效无毒的杀虫剂在我国已首先研究出来 了,当前缺少的仅是农产品市场完备的农药残留检测机制,解决这个瓶颈问题可给绿色食品创造存在 的空间,从而实现农业绿色产业大发展,这一天的到来已为期不远。     

我国农业机械的推广与对策研究

新时期下,由于我国宣传推广的力度不够、当地基层群众综合素养不高、机械使用不当等原 因并没有形成使用农业机械进行耕作的习惯,在我国西南部、东南部等丘陵地带,仍然采用牛拉车等 较为落后的耕作方式,从而导致农业机械化带来的提高种植效率,本文目重点就我国的农业机械推广 存在的问题进行概述,并提出相关对策。     

论桑树病虫害与蚕病危害的关系

受管理理念的影响,桑树肥培管理工作存在一定的问题,加剧蚕病的扩散和蔓延,降低桑树 和蚕茧的生产质量,造成整体的经济效益不高。为此,本文深入分析桑树病虫害与蚕病危害的关系, 并提出防治的措施,以供参考。