Relationships between postnatal plasma oxytocin concentrations and social behaviors in cattle

We examined the associations between natural individual variations in basal oxytocin (OXT) in postnatal cattle and social behavioral traits. At 1, 2 and 6 weeks of age, the basal OXT exhibited individual variability in 20 Holstein heifer calves. Cluster analysis of mean OXT for these time periods obtained two subgroups: high OXT (HOXT; n = 9) and low OXT (LOXT; n = 11). Social behaviors were observed for 2 days at week 6 after introduction into a four‐peer group, and at 10–14 months of age (10 months) immediately and 1 week, 1 month and 5 months after introduction into 11–15 heifers. At week 6, the main effect of the OXT groups was not significant for all social behaviors. At 10 months, there tended to be interactions between the OXT groups and time periods with respect to the frequency of escape behaviors. LOXT heifers exhibited more escape behaviors than HOXT heifers on the first day of the second sociality tests. At 10 months, HOXT heifers exhibited both attacking and affiliative behavior for peers more than LOXT heifers during 5 months after the second social introduction. This suggests that postnatal OXT concentrations may have long‐lasting effects on individual differences among social behavioral traits in cattle.     

不同配比的催产激素对泥鳅高效繁育的应用效果研究

目前泥鳅的人工繁殖已成为泥鳅集约化养殖的重要方法,其中,人工催产又是人工繁殖的核心部分。通过采用不同配比的催产激素对泥鳅进行人工催产,统计催产后自然受精获得的卵粒数,并比较相应的药物成本后认为,催产激素浓度越高,相应的催产效果越好;相同药物成本下,混搭催产所产的卵粒数远高于单一催产所产的卵粒数,50IU/0.2mLHCG＋0.25μg/0.2mLLRH-A2＋0.2mg/0.2mLDOM混搭的效果最佳。     

泥鳅规模化人工繁殖和苗种培育技术操作规范

近年来,由于生态环境遭到破坏,泥鳅天然苗种数量已经远远不能满足养殖需要;一定程度上制约了泥鳅产业化发展.本文为泥鳅规模化繁殖提供参考.     

解冻液及添加催产素对母牛冷配效果的研究

比较了两种不同解冻液对优良种公牛颗粒冻精的解冻效果及其添加催产素对母牛冷配台率的影响。结果表明：柠檬酸钠解冻液受胎率为６１．５％;维生素Ｂ１２解冻液受胎率为７２．９％;柠檬酸钠解冻液添加催产素,受胎率为８０．８％;维生素Ｂ１２解冻液添加催产素,受胎率为８８．５％。     

黄山回溪河养殖光唇鱼全人工繁殖技术研究

[目的]在黄山回溪河实现养殖光唇鱼全人工繁殖,以促进黄山地区光唇鱼自然资源的保护及其在天然水域的人工增养殖。[方法]从回溪河采捕当年自然繁殖的幼鱼,进行驯化,培育至性成熟。通过养殖光唇鱼个体繁殖力测定,定期监测亲鱼性腺发育,采用外源激素催产、人工授精和流水孵化进行全人工繁殖。[结果]养殖光唇鱼对绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)具有较高的敏感性,当催产药物配伍中HCG、促黄体素释放激素类似物(LHRH-A3)和地欧酮(DOM)的注射剂量分别为1 500 IU/kg、5μg/kg和5 mg/kg时,催产率最高,为85.0%,受精率和孵化率分别为86.1%和71.2%。[结论]养殖光唇鱼在黄山地区完全可以实现全人工繁殖。     

外周器官催产素细胞定位研究进展

催产素是一种经典内分泌激素，放射免疫测定法（RIA）等的研究结果已表明OT不仅产生于神经系统，而且在几个外周器官也有存在。本文从OT细胞定位研究的角度出发，对近年来在卵巢、子宫、胎盘、睾丸及肾上腺、胸腺、胰腺等外周器官中催产素的分布情况及其作用方面的研究进展进行综述。     

妊娠期奶山羊下丘脑GnRH和OT免疫反应双标记细胞的分布

为了探讨促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）和催产素（OT）是否在下丘脑细胞中共存,采用免疫组织化学双标记法对妊娠期奶山羊下丘脑中GnRH与OT的分布进行了检测。结果显示：室旁核、视上核、视前交叉上核、弓状核、下丘脑外侧区、乳头体内侧核、乳头体后核等核团（区）有GnRH和OT免疫反应双标记细胞,在妊娠的不同时期,GnRH和OT免疫反应双标记细胞数量有显著差异。这些结果为GnRH与OT相互调节提供了形态学证据。     

花的一年两次人工繁殖技术研究

北盘江光照库区增殖放流站通过调节水温水质、增加冲水次数,强化营养等措施,可使花亲鱼一年两次性成熟,并且使花的两次产卵受精率达80%以上,实现一年两次催产。研究结果表明,该技术可以大大提高亲鱼产卵量,提高了亲鱼利用率,极大地满足了实际需求,可为鱼类繁殖提供参考。     

Oxytocin receptors in dioestrous and anoestrous canine uteri

The aim of the study was to localize oxytocin receptors (OTR) and measure mRNA expression of OTR in the canine uterus with and without the influence of progesterone. Uterine samples were taken from nine anoestrous and eight dioestrous bitches during ovariohysterectomy. Histological changes were evaluated in haematoxylin and eosin (HE)‐stained samples. Purified polyclonal antibody for OTR was used in immunohistochemistry to localize receptors in uterine layers. Relative mRNA concentration of OTR was evaluated with real‐time PCR from full‐thickness uterine samples taken from the middle horn and the body. Myometrial smooth muscle cells, endometrial luminal epithelium (LE) and deep and superficial glandular epithelium were positively stained for oxytocin receptors in non‐pregnant animals. No significant difference in staining intensity was detected between uterine middle horn and body. However, the staining intensity of LE was significantly higher in dioestrous than in anoestrous uteri (p < .05). Leucocytes and endothelium of blood vessels were also positively stained for OTR. Real‐time PCR showed no significant differences in OTR mRNA expression between the middle horn and the body of the uterus, or between anoestrous and dioestrous uterus. No correlation was noted between OTR mRNA expression and blood progesterone concentration. In conclusion, despite the apparent inactivity, the uterus of the non‐pregnant bitch expresses OTR. The distribution or relative expression of OTR does not differ between uterine horn and body in dioestrus or anoestrus except in LE. LE may have more oxytocin‐dependent activity during dioestrus than anoestrus.