Undifferentiated tumor in the ovary of a corn snake (Elaphe guttata guttata)

A 6-year-old intact female corn snake (Elaphe guttata guttata) was presented with a 3-week history of anorexia. Coelomic radiographs revealed a 9 x 4 cm soft tissue opacity suggestive of a right ovarian enlargement. The mass (9 x 5 x 4 cm) was surgically removed, and multiple smears from tissue sections were stained with Diff-Quik. Multiple tissue samples from the mass were collected and fixed in formalin. Cytologic specimens were moderately cellular and contained light pink amorphous background material. The cells were primarily spindle-shaped with moderate to marked anisocytosis and anisokaryosis. Cells sometimes were round to polygonal, and rarely were arranged in small clusters. Macrophages occasionally were observed. Histologic specimens consisted of a highly cellular mass composed of pleomorphic, spindle-shaped cells and, occasionally, round to polygonal cells arranged in irregular fascicles. The neoplastic cells were immunoreactive for cytokeratin (AE1/AE3), smooth muscle actin, and skeletal muscle actin, but did not stain for vimentin or desmin. On the basis of the morphologic and immunohistochemical results, a diagnosis of ovarian undifferentiated carcinoma was made. In this report, we describe the challenges of using immunohistochemistry to diagnose this uncommon type of tumor in reptiles.     

野生斑节对虾卵巢发育过程中不同组织的氨基酸组成

测定了海南岛南部海域野生斑节对虾（Penaeus mofbodon）亲虾在卵巢发育不同阶段的全虾、肝胰腺和卵巢的氨基酸组成。结果表明,在卵巢发育初级阶段（含I期和Ⅵ期）、中级阶段（含Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期）和高级阶段（V期）斑节对虾全虾样品中,牛磺酸（Tau）质量分数差异显著（P〈0．05）,由高到低为中级阶段〉高级阶段〉初级阶段;而其他的氨基酸质量分数、氨基酸总量和必需氨基酸总量略有变化,但差异不显著（P〉0．05）。肝胰腺和卵巢氨基酸总量随着性腺发育逐渐上升,临产时（V期）下降,但差异不显著（P〉0．05）。中级阶段卵巢中的天门冬氨酸（Asp）、谷氨酸（Glu）、脯氨酸（Pro）、酪氨酸（Tyr）和赖氨酸（Lys）等5种氨基酸质量分数处于峰值。     

软枣猕猴桃受精后子房蛋白表达的2D-DIGE分析

【目的】了解软枣猕猴桃(Actinidia arguta)受精前和受精后（授粉前和授粉后120 h）子房蛋白质组的变化,为阐明猕猴桃属植物双受精的分子机制提供依据。【方法】应用石蜡切片技术、差异凝胶电泳（DIGE）、质谱（MALDI－TOF/TOF）和生物信息学技术,对其授粉前及授粉后120 h的子房形态及蛋白质组变化进行分析。【结果】授粉后120 h,子房中的胚囊已经完成了双受精;用DeCyder V 6.5软件分析,在授粉前、授粉后120 h的子房中共检测到约1 500个蛋白质点,其中55个有差异表达;质谱鉴定了差异2.0倍以上的蛋白质点13个,其中8个获得理想结果,分别属于6种蛋白质;在6种差异蛋白质中,其中5种在授粉后子房中表达上调,只有1种表达下调。【结论】根据软枣猕猴桃受精前后子房差异蛋白表达谱比较,获得了几种与双受精过程相关的蛋白质分子。     

转化生长因子βⅠ型受体基因在敖汉细毛羊不同组织及发情时期卵巢中的表达分析

试验旨在探究转化生长因子βⅠ型受体（transforming growth factor-beta receptorⅠ,TGF-βRⅠ）基因在敖汉细毛羊中的组织表达情况,以及在不同发情时期卵巢中表达量的变化规律,为探讨其与绵羊发情的关系奠定基础。以24只季节性发情的敖汉细毛羊为研究对象,分为乏情期、发情间期、发情前期和发情期4组,每组6只。首先利用实时荧光定量PCR检测其发情期甲状腺、下丘脑、垂体、卵巢、肾上腺、心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、胰腺、肌肉12个组织中TGF-βRⅠ基因的表达情况,其次对4个不同发情时期卵巢TGF-βRⅠ基因的表达量变化进行研究。结果显示,TGF-βR Ⅰ在各组织中均有表达,在卵巢和甲状腺中表达量最高,极显著高于其他组织（P<0.01）;在下丘脑、垂体、胰腺、肾上腺、脾脏和肺脏组织表达量较高,显著高于心脏、肝脏、肾脏和肌肉组织（P<0.05）。卵巢中TGF-βRⅠ基因在发情前期表达量最高,极显著高于其他3个时期（P<0.01）,发情间期表达量最低,极显著低于其他3个时期（P<0.01）。综上所述,卵巢组织中TGF-βRⅠ基因在发情前期时可能对排卵前卵泡的成熟起促进作用。     

丹栀逍遥散对多囊卵巢大鼠高雄激素血症雄激素、瘦素及其受体表达的影响

目的 观察丹栀逍遥散对多囊卵巢综合征伴高雄激素血症大鼠雄激素、瘦素及其受体的影响。方法 利用脱氢表雄酮诱导建立多囊卵巢大鼠高雄激素血症模型,随机设立丹栀逍遥组、达英组、模型组、空白对照组,予以相应药物干预。实验结束后观察卵巢形态学变化;酶联免疫法测定血清雄激素水平;ELISA法检测血清瘦素;免疫组化测定卵巢瘦素受体的表达。结果 与模型组相比,丹栀逍遥散可显著降低大鼠血清瘦素、睾酮、游离睾酮水平值,减少卵巢瘦素受体阳性表达,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论 丹栀逍遥散可降低多囊卵巢高雄激素血症大鼠血清瘦素、雄激素水平值,减少卵巢瘦素受体阳性表达,进而降低瘦素生物利用度及雄激素活性,从而改善多囊卵巢综合征高雄激素血症和排卵障碍。     

斑鳜卵巢发育与血清蛋白磷含量变化关系的初步分析

斑鳜(Siniperca scherzeri)是近年来新开发的名贵淡水养殖鱼类之一,但规模化繁育技术尚未完全解决。为进一步了解斑鳜卵巢成熟发育的规律,利用组织切片技术观察了3月中旬-5月中旬长江斑鳜卵巢的成熟发育过程,并用生化法测定了血清蛋白磷(SPP)的含量,结果表明:这一时期,斑鳜卵母细胞正经历由Ⅲ时相(3月中旬-4月上旬)向Ⅳ时相(4月中旬-4月下旬)、Ⅴ时相(5月中旬)的渐近生长,并发现卵母细胞生长不同步的现象;与此同时,血清蛋白磷含量由0.12 mg/mL逐步上升至0.62 mg/mL。斑鳜血清蛋白磷含量的变化趋势与卵巢的成熟发育过程基本一致,并有着密切的生理相关,血清蛋白磷含量可以作为卵巢发育阶段和成熟程度判定的重要生化指标。     

Fibroblast growth factor-10 maintains the survival and promotes the growth of cultured goat preantral follicles

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of fibroblast growth factor-10 (FGF-10) on the survival, activation (transition from primordial to primary follicles), and growth of goat preantral follicles cultured in vitro. Pieces of ovarian cortex were cultured for 1 and 7 d in the absence or presence of FGF-10 (0, 1, 10, 50, 100, and 200 ng/mL). Noncultured and cultured tissues were processed and analyzed by histology, transmission electron microscopy, and viability testing. Results showed that after 7 d, a greater percentage (79.9%) of morphologically normal follicles (containing an oocyte with regular shape and uniform cytoplasm, and organized layers of granulosa cells without a pyknotic nucleus) was observed when cultured with 50 ng/mL of FGF-10 when compared with other concentrations of FGF-10 (0 ng/mL, 67.3%; 1 ng/mL, 68.2%; 10 ng/mL, 63.3%; 100 ng/mL, 64.4%; 200 ng/mL, 52.7%). Ultrastructural analyses and viability testing using fluorescent markers confirmed the follicular integrity of FGF-10 (50 ng/mL)-treated fragments after 7 d of culture. After 7 d, all FGF-10 concentrations reduced the percentage of primordial follicles and increased the percentage of developing follicles. In the presence of 50 ng/mL of FGF-10, follicles increased in diameter after 7 d of culture when compared with other concentrations tested. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that FGF-10 maintains the morphological integrity of goat preantral follicles and stimulates the growth of activated follicles in culture. The culture conditions identified here contribute to the understanding of the factors involved in goat early follicular development.     

家禽卵泡发育相关生长因子的研究进展

胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)家族、表皮生长因子(EGF)家族和转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)超家族成员的功能涉及家禽卵泡细胞增殖分化、类固醇激素生成、促性腺激素的功能调节、卵泡选择和排卵等过程。本文综述了IGF、EGF、TGF-β及其他相关生长因子对家禽卵泡发育调控的研究进展,旨在为进一步研究家禽卵泡的生长、发育和排卵机制提供帮助。     

大葱和洋葱种间杂种的获得及其特性

【目的】构建大葱和洋葱的种间杂种。【方法】以章丘大葱和洋葱自交系06-38为材料,进行远缘杂交,对杂种子房进行培养;利用CAPS技术对所获得植株进行鉴定;利用花粉染色法、离体萌发法和自交对其进行育性鉴定。【结果】大葱和洋葱正反交,自然状态下胚败育。在未添加激素的MS培养基上进行大葱与洋葱种间正反交后的子房培养,均获得种间杂种F1,授粉后第7天为最佳培养时期;通过子房培养分别获得了大葱×洋葱、洋葱×大葱杂种植株26株和22株;经CAPS检测,杂交后代全部为真杂种。F1杂种植株具有明显的杂种优势,杂种雄性不育。【结论】利用子房培养技术,克服了大葱和洋葱远缘杂种在自然状态下胚败育的情况发生,获得了种间杂种F1;所获得的杂种植株表现出明显的杂种优势,且雄性不育。     

条石鲷卵巢发育的组织学研究

采用常规的生物学调查和石蜡组织切片法,对条石鲷Oplegnathus fasciatus卵巢发育周期和卵巢发育中各个时期卵母细胞的形态特征以及产卵类型等进行了组织学研究。结果表明,条石鲷卵母细胞的发育过程在年周期中可分为6个时相：Ⅰ时相的卵母细胞呈原始分化状态,Ⅱ时相卵母细胞出现明显的卵黄核,Ⅲ时相卵母细胞出现皮质液泡,Ⅳ时相的卵母细胞分化明显,卵黄颗粒部分融合,Ⅴ时相和Ⅵ时相分别为卵子形成和退化吸收时相。卵巢发育可分为6个时期：繁殖期主要在5—7月,其卵巢有Ⅳ期、V期;8月卵巢开始退化,9月进入重新发育的Ⅱ期,直到翌年3月都为越冬Ⅱ期卵巢;3月下旬条石鲷卵巢开始重新发育为Ⅲ期卵巢。条石鲷卵巢的平均成熟系数为0.70%~12.57%。组织学观察结果表明,各时相卵母细胞发育不同步,因此条石鲷属多次产卵。